Chapter 25, Problem 25.1QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Cs}$ is a metal

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\text{Cs}$ has a boiling point $\text{669}\text{C}$ , good ductile property, most electropositive character.  Based on its properties the given element $\text{Cs}$ was identified as metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Ge}$ is a metalloid

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\text{Ge}$ has a boiling point of $\text{2830}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{937}\text{C}$, density of $\text{5}\text{.3}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$ , hard in nature, its stability in air and water is high.  Based on its properties the given element $\text{Ge}$ was identified as metalloid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{I}$ is a nonmetal.

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\text{I}$ has a boiling point of $\text{184}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{114}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{4}\text{.9}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$.  Based on its properties the given element $\text{I}$ was identified as nonmetal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Kr}$ is a non metal.

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\left(\text{Kr}\right)$ has a boiling point of $\text{-153}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{-157}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{3}\text{.73}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$ .  Based on its properties the given element $\left(\text{Kr}\right)$ was identified as nonmetal.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{W}$ is a metal

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\left(\text{W}\right)$ has a boiling point of $\text{5530}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{3410}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{19}\text{.3}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$ .  Based on its properties the given element $\left(\text{W}\right)$ was identified as metal.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Ga}$ is a metal

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\left(\text{Ga}\right)$ has a boiling point of $\text{2204}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{29}\text{.8}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{5}\text{.1}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$ .  Based on its properties the given element $\left(\text{Ga}\right)$ was identified as metal.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Te}$ is a metalloid.

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\left(\text{Te}\right)$ has a boiling point of $\text{988}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{450}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{6}\text{.24}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$.  Based on its properties the given element $\left(\text{Te}\right)$ was identified as metalloid.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given elements have to be identified as metals, metalloids or non metals.

Concept introduction:

Metals: It is an element which has the following properties: solids at room temperature except mercury, hard in solid state, good conductors of both heat and electricity, ductility, high density, malleability, high melting and boiling point, tendency to form basic oxides by reacting with oxygen, tendency to form positive ion when they looses the electron and get shiny by polishing.

Nonmetals: It is an element or substance but not metal, they have the following properties: they may exist as solid, liquid or gas at room temperature, easily breakable, bad conductors of both heat and electricity, melting and boiling points are low, when they react with oxygen they will form acidic oxides, tendency to form negative ions when they loses electron except hydrogen, which forms positive ion, compared to metals, nonmetals will look dull in nature.

Metalloids: It is a chemical element has the properties of both metals and nonmetals.

To identify: The given element as a metal or nonmetal or metalloid.

Answer to Problem 25.1QP

The given element $\text{Bi}$ is a metal

Explanation of Solution

The given element $\left(\text{Bi}\right)$ has a boiling point of $\text{1420}\text{C}$, melting point of $\text{271}\text{C}$, and density of $\text{5}\text{.1}\text{g}\cdot {\text{cm}}^{\text{-3}}$.  Based on its properties the given element $\left(\text{Bi}\right)$ was identified as metal.