Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 24.4, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Microbiome engineering is manipulating the composition of microbiome to enhance the characteristics of host. Host associated microbiomes has benefits as well as disadvantages. By altering the microbiome in order of being beneficial to the host, characteristics of the host can be improved.
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Pick a specific microbiome (i.e. skin, mouth, gut, reproductive) and discuss interesting points and how it is important to human health/diversity/etc.
Here you can discuss any aspect of the microbiome that you like. Whatever is of most interest to you personally for example the uniqueness of an individual’s microbiome or disease states due to disruptions in bacterial communities, etc.
Find a recent (2015 or newer) primary research article that investigates some aspect of the microbiome environment that you discussed in question 2 and discuss the findings and how it has increased our understanding of the microbiome.
Which of the following is NOT true about Koch's postulates?
First developed by Robert Koch, the pioneering German microbiologist
In the first step, the microbe that causes a naturally occurring disease is cultured from a "wild"
(non-laboratory) animal which has that disease
None of the other four answers (All are true about Koch's Postulates)
They represent a process for showing a causal association between a specific microbe and a
disease
If the same microbe from a diseased "wild" (non-laboratory) host causes the same disease in a
lab animal and it can be cultured from that lab animal, this proves that the microbe is the cause
of the naturally occurring disease
what is an aggregate collection of microbial genomes in the microbiota?
normal flora
microbiome
probiotic
metabolomics
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Robert Koch developed a set of criteria (postulates) for conclusively demonstrating the aetiology (specific cause) of an infectious disease. Which of the following is not a postulate? The infectious agent must be isolated and cultured in vitro The disease is reproduced when a pure culture of the infectious agent is inoculated into a new susceptible host The infectious agent can be recovered from the experimentally-infected host The infectious agent is present in most cases of the diseasearrow_forwardWhich of the following situations does NOT demonstrate the importance of a healthy microbiome? Group of answer choices Anthony suffers from debilitating diarrhea after a lengthy course of antibiotics to treat his MRSA infection. Andy is lactose intolerant. His body does not break down lactose, so the microorganisms in the gut do it for him. Mary suffers from colon cancer. While being treated, she develops an opportunistic Bacteroides fragilis infection. Jenna is prone to yeast infections, so she routinely eats yogurt and takes a probiotic supplement to increase the amount of lactic acid bacteria in her vagina.arrow_forwardThe term "colonization" is best described as: a large group of unicellular organisms presence of bacteria on our body that may not necessarily cause harm a virus that will colonize bacteria and make the disease more virulent all of the abovearrow_forward
- Why do you suppose microbiota transplantation is so effective?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a feature of a pathogenicity island? They cannot be acquired through horizontal gene transmission. They don't confer fitness to the pathogen. They are flanked by plasmid or phage sequences. The ratio of GC/AT is different in the islands vs. the genome.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a difference between transient and resident microbiota? Transient microbiota are pathogenic, and resident microbiota are not. Resident microbiota remain on the host for an extended period. Humans do not have transient microbiota. Transient microbiota can be opportunistic pathogens, and resident microbiota cannot. Resident microbiota cause disease and transient microbiota do not.arrow_forward
- Current scientific information indicates that the earliest way humans acquire the microbiome is by passing through the mother's birth canal. including supplemental probiotics in baby formula. breastfeeding. supplementing baby foods at approximately 6 months of age. consuming prebiotics and probiotics once an infant can eat solid foods. 000009arrow_forwardChoose the false statement below. Resident microbes in our gastrointestinal tract assist in our immune system's ability to recognize future emerging infections that may be created by gene transfer into species of normal body flora. The Human Microbiome Project goals included examination of ethical implications of collecting data on the human microbiome as well as development of techniques to create new vaccines. Animals grown in the absence of bacteria provide evidence for the role of normal body flora in development of the digestive and immune systems. Question 15 Choose the false statement below. An unborn baby is axenic but, upon delivery, acquires body flora via both oral and vertical transmission but also via direct transmission from healthcare workers. O The many species that provide humans with bacterial antagonism are also considered opportunistic pathogens. Unlike opportunistic pathogens, a true pathogen causes disease no matter how much inoculum is introduced into the host.arrow_forwardYour microbiome is composed of? Question options: The transient microbiota and genetic material of a person The resident microbiota and genetic material of a person The transient microbiota of a person The transient and resident microbiota of a personarrow_forward
- An example of a recent discovery about the impact of the microbiome on our health. (Cite the sources)arrow_forwardThe bacteria that are killed are considered "selected against" True The whole statement is true. False Some of the statement is false.arrow_forwardThis antibiotic, novobiocin, was tested against two different types of bacteria. What can you say about antibiotic resistance from this result? OMicrobiology lnfo.com Staphylococcus saprophyticus Staphylococcus aureus Novobiocin is more resistant to Staphylococcus saprophyticus Novobiocin is more resistant to Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus saprophyticus is more resistant to Novobiocin Staphylococcus aureus is more resistant to Novobiocin DO NOVOBI- OCINarrow_forward
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