Chapter 2, Problem 48QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To write the molecular formula and condensed formula of given molecule:

Concept introduction:

Condensed formula: It is a way of writing the molecule where all the atoms are arranged in order as appear in structural formula but while writing condensed formula, bond lines are omitted. For example: Condensed formula of propane is CH₃ CH₂ CH₃.

Molecular formula: It is the easiest way of representing the number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

While writing molecule formula, symbol of each element is written with their respective number of atoms in a single molecule. And these numbers are written in subscript as:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{C}}_{\text{x}}{\text{H}}_{\text{y}}{\text{N}}_{\text{z}}\\ \text{where}\text{C,H,}\text{and}\text{N}\text{are}\text{symbol}\text{of}\text{carbon,}\text{hydrogen}\text{and}\text{nitrogen}\text{element}\text{.}\text{And}\text{x,}\text{y,}\text{z}\text{represents}\\ \text{the}\text{number}\text{of}\text{C}\text{,}\text{H}\text{and}\text{N}\text{atoms}\text{in}\text{a}\text{single}\text{molecule}\end{array}$

Answer to Problem 48QAP

Condensed formula: CH₃ COOH

Molecular formula: C₂ H₄ O₂

Explanation of Solution

Given structural formula-

In above structural formula, CH₃ group is attached with acetic acid group through carbon atom. Hence, its condensed formula will be CH₃ COOH.

In 1 molecule of CH₃ COOH, there are 2 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. Therefore, its molecular formula is C₂ H₄ O₂.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To write the molecular formula and condensed formula of given molecule:

Concept introduction:

Condensed formula: It is a way of writing the molecule where all the atoms are arranged in order as appear in structural formula but while writing condensed formula, bond lines are omitted. For example: Condensed formula of propane is CH₃ CH₂ CH₃.

Molecular formula: It is the easiest way of representing the number of atoms of each element in a molecule.

While writing molecule formula, symbol of each element is written with their respective number of atoms in a single molecule. And these numbers are written in subscript as:

$\begin{array}{l}{\text{C}}_{\text{x}}{\text{H}}_{\text{y}}{\text{N}}_{\text{z}}\\ \text{where}\text{C,H,}\text{and}\text{N}\text{are}\text{symbol}\text{of}\text{carbon,}\text{hydrogen}\text{and}\text{nitrogen}\text{element}\text{.}\text{And}\text{x,}\text{y,}\text{z}\text{represents}\\ \text{the}\text{number}\text{of}\text{C}\text{,}\text{H}\text{and}\text{N}\text{atoms}\text{in}\text{a}\text{single}\text{molecule}\end{array}$

Answer to Problem 48QAP

Condensed formula: CH₃ Cl

Molecular formula: CH₃ Cl

Explanation of Solution

Given structural formula:

In above structural formula, CH₃ group is attached with Chlorine group through carbon atom. Hence, its condensed formula will be CH₃ Cl.

In 1 molecule of CH₃ Cl, there are 1 carbon atom, 3 hydrogen atoms and 1 chlorine atom. Therefore, its molecular formula is CH₃ Cl.