Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133103721
Author: Stephen T. Thornton, Andrew Rex
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 101P
A spaceship is coming directly toward you while you are in the International Space Station. You are told that the spaceship is shining sodium light (with an intense yellow doublet of wavelengths 588.9950 and 589.5924 nm). You have an apparatus that can resolve two closely spaced wavelengths if the difference is Δλ < 0.55 nm. If you find that you can just resolve the doublet, how fast is the spaceship traveling with respect to you?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
High-Energy Cancer Treatment. Scientists are working on a new technique to kill cancer cells by zapping them with ultrahighenergy (in the range of 1012 W) pulses of light that last for an extremely short time (a few nanoseconds). These short pulses scramble the interior of a cell without causing it to explode, as long pulses would do. We can model a typical such cell as a disk 5.0 um in diameter, with the pulse lasting for 4.0 ns with an average power of 2.0 * 1012 W. We shall assume that the energy is spread uniformly over the faces of 100 cells for each pulse. (a) How much energy is given to the cell during this pulse? (b) What is the intensity (in W/m2) delivered to the cell? (c) What are the maximum values of the electric and magnetic fields in the pulse?
Galaxies are moving apart due to the expansion of the universe. Suppose
another galaxy-approximated as a sphere-is moving away from us at 3.00 x
106 m/s. How will an Earth-bound observer with access to extremely high
resolution equipment perceive the other galaxy's shape?
It will appear as a sphere to the Earth-bound observer with its dimensions unchanged.
a
It will appear as a sphere to the Earth-bound observer, with all dimensions stretched
b
proportionally to the relativistic factor.
It will be stretched in the direction of travel away from Earth proportionally to the
relativistic factor.
It will be compressed in the direction of travel away from Earth proportionally to the
d
relativistic factor.
You have been hired as an expert witness for an attorney who is representing a speeding driver. The driver of the car was given a ticket for running a red light at an intersection. According to the driver, who has taken some courses in physics, when he was looking at the red light as he approached the intersection, the Doppler shift made the light of wavelength 650 nm appear to be green light of wavelength 520 nm. Therefore, according to the driver, he should not be charged with running a red light because it appeared green to him. What advice do you give the attorney?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 2 - Michelson used the motion of the Earth around the...Ch. 2 - If you wanted to set out today to find the effects...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3QCh. 2 - Prob. 4QCh. 2 - Prob. 5QCh. 2 - Prob. 6QCh. 2 - Prob. 7QCh. 2 - Prob. 8QCh. 2 - Devise a system for you and three colleagues, at...Ch. 2 - In the experiment to verify time dilation by...
Ch. 2 - Can you think of an experiment to verify length...Ch. 2 - Would it be easier to perform the muon decay...Ch. 2 - On a spacetime diagram, can events above t = 0 but...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14QCh. 2 - What would be a suitable name for events connected...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16QCh. 2 - Prob. 17QCh. 2 - Explain how in the twin paradox, we might arrange...Ch. 2 - In each of the following pairs, which is the more...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20QCh. 2 - Prob. 21QCh. 2 - A salesman driving a very fast car was arrested...Ch. 2 - A salesman driving a very fast car was arrested...Ch. 2 - Show that the form of Newtons second law is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2PCh. 2 - Prob. 3PCh. 2 - A swimmer wants to swim straight across a river...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PCh. 2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2 - Prob. 7PCh. 2 - Prob. 8PCh. 2 - Prove that the constancy of the speed of light...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10PCh. 2 - Prob. 11PCh. 2 - Prob. 12PCh. 2 - Two events occur in an inertial system K as...Ch. 2 - Is there a frame K in which the two events...Ch. 2 - Prob. 15PCh. 2 - An event occurs in system K at x = 2 m, y = 3.5 m,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 17PCh. 2 - Prob. 18PCh. 2 - A rocket ship carrying passengers blasts off to go...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20PCh. 2 - Particle physicists use particle track detectors...Ch. 2 - The Apollo astronauts returned from the moon under...Ch. 2 - A clock in a spaceship is observed to run at a...Ch. 2 - A spaceship of length 40 m at rest is observed to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25PCh. 2 - A mechanism on Earth used to shoot down...Ch. 2 - Prob. 27PCh. 2 - Imagine that in another universe the speed of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 29PCh. 2 - Prob. 30PCh. 2 - Prob. 31PCh. 2 - A proton and an antiproton are moving toward each...Ch. 2 - Imagine the speed of light in another universe to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 34PCh. 2 - Three galaxies are aligned along an axis in the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 36PCh. 2 - Prob. 37PCh. 2 - Consider a reference system placed at the U.S....Ch. 2 - Prob. 39PCh. 2 - Prob. 40PCh. 2 - Use the Lorentz transformation to prove that s2 =...Ch. 2 - Prob. 42PCh. 2 - Prove that for a spacelike interval, two events...Ch. 2 - Given two events, (x1, t1) and (x2, t2), use a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45PCh. 2 - Consider a fixed and a moving system with their...Ch. 2 - Prob. 47PCh. 2 - An astronaut is said to have tried to get out of a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 49PCh. 2 - Do the complete derivation for Equation (2.33)...Ch. 2 - A spacecraft traveling out of the solar system at...Ch. 2 - Prob. 52PCh. 2 - Prob. 53PCh. 2 - Prob. 54PCh. 2 - Newtons second law is given by F=dp/dt. If the...Ch. 2 - Use the result of the previous problem to show...Ch. 2 - Prob. 57PCh. 2 - Prob. 58PCh. 2 - A particle having a speed of 0.92c has a momentum...Ch. 2 - A particle initially has a speed of 0.5c. At what...Ch. 2 - Prob. 61PCh. 2 - Prob. 62PCh. 2 - Prob. 63PCh. 2 - Prob. 64PCh. 2 - Prob. 65PCh. 2 - Prob. 66PCh. 2 - Prob. 67PCh. 2 - Prob. 68PCh. 2 - Prob. 69PCh. 2 - Prob. 70PCh. 2 - What is the speed of an electron when its kinetic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 72PCh. 2 - Prob. 73PCh. 2 - Prob. 74PCh. 2 - Prob. 75PCh. 2 - Calculate the energy needed to accelerate a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 77PCh. 2 - Prob. 78PCh. 2 - Prob. 79PCh. 2 - Prob. 80PCh. 2 - The Large Hadron Collider at Europes CERN facility...Ch. 2 - What is the kinetic energy of (a) an electron...Ch. 2 - A muon has a mass of 106 MeV/c2. Calculate the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 84PCh. 2 - The reaction 2H + 3H → n + 4He is one of the...Ch. 2 - Instead of one positive charge outside a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 87PCh. 2 - Show that the following form of Newton’s second...Ch. 2 - Prob. 89PCh. 2 - For the twins Frank and Mary described in Section...Ch. 2 - Frank and Mary are twins. Mary jumps on a...Ch. 2 - A police radar gun operates at a frequency of 10.5...Ch. 2 - Prob. 93PCh. 2 - Prob. 94PCh. 2 - A proton moves with a speed of 0.90c. Find the...Ch. 2 - A high-speed K0 meson is traveling at a speed of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 97PCh. 2 - The International Space Federation constructs a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 99PCh. 2 - Prob. 100PCh. 2 - A spaceship is coming directly toward you while...Ch. 2 - Quasars are among the most distant objects in the...Ch. 2 - One possible decay mode of the neutral kaon is K0...Ch. 2 - Prob. 104PCh. 2 - Prob. 105PCh. 2 - Small differences in the wavelengths in the sun’s...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If a galaxy moving away from the Earth has a speed of 1000 km/s and emits 656 nm light characteristic of hydrogen (the most common element in the universe). (a) What wavelength would we observe on Earth? (b) What type of electromagnetic radiation is this? (c) Why is the speed of Earth in its orbit negligible here?arrow_forwardSuppose an astronaut is moving relative to the Earth at a significant fraction of the speed of light. (a) Does he observe the rate of his clocks to have slowed? (b) What change in the rate of Earth-bound clocks does he see? (c) Does his ship seem to him to shorten? (d) What about the distance between stars that lie on lines parallel to his motion? (e) Do he and an Earth-bound observer agree on his velocity relative to the Earth?arrow_forwardA train is approaching you at very high speed as you stand next to the tracks. Just as an observer on the train passes you, you both begin to play the same recorded version of a Beethoven symphony on identical MP3 players. (a) According to you, whose MP3 player finishes the symphony first? (b) What If? According to the observer on the train, whose MP3 player finishes the symphony first? (c) Whose MP3 player actually finishes the symphony first?arrow_forward
- (i) Does the speed of an electron have an upper limit? (a) yes, the speed of light c (b) yes, with another value (c) no (ii) Does the magnitude of an electrons momentum have an upper limit? (a) yes, mec (b) yes, with another value (c) no (iii) Does the electrons kinetic energy have an upper limit? (a) yes, mec2 (b) yes, 12mec2 (c) yes, with another value (d) noarrow_forwardA physicist drives through a stop light. When he is pulled over, he tells the police officer that the Doppler shift made the red light of wavelength 650 nm appear green to him, with a wavelength of 520 nm. The police officer writes out a traffic citation for speeding. How fast was the physicist traveling, according to his own testimony?arrow_forwardAssume that when I was 30 years old, I invented a spaceship capable of traveling at 95% of the speed of light, and take off to survey a peculiar infrared star 10 light years from earth. My daughter is 2 years old when I leave earth. I calculate that I age 20 years on my mission. A. while traveling to the star at 95% of the speed of light, I measure the wavelength of its light at 450 nm. What is the actual wavelength of the star's light? B. I turn around and head back to earth at 95% of the speed of light. WHat is the wavelength I see and I move away from the star? C. From my daughter prespective, how old is she when I return?arrow_forward
- A galaxy G is moving away radially with speed with respect to an observer O. The relation between X, the wavelength of light emitted at G, and λo, the wavelength observed at O, is 入。 λ = λe λε 1+B 1- B' = where ẞ v/c (c is the speed of light). For ẞ < 1 find a power series expansion of the above formula up to and including terms of order ẞ³.arrow_forwardScientists are working on a new technique to kill cancer cells by zapping them with ultrahigh-energy (in the range of 1.00×1012 W) pulses of light that last for an extremely short time (a few nanoseconds). These short pulses scramble the interior of a cell without causing it to explode, as long pulses would do. We can model a typical such cell as a disk 5.00 μm in diameter, with the pulse lasting for 4.00 ns with an average power of 2.00×1012 W. We shall assume that the energy is spread uniformly over the faces of 100 cells for each pulse. I 1.00×1021 W/m² Submit Previous Answers Part C Correct What is the maximum value of the electric field in the pulse? ΜΕ ΑΣΦ Emax Submit Request Answer Part D ? V/m What is the maximum value of the magnetic field in the pulse? ΜΕ ΑΣΦ Bmax = Submit Request Answer ? Tarrow_forwardCosmic rays are highly energetic particles travelling through space. How fast must a cosmic ray proton be travelling to have a de Broglie wavelength of 10 fm (femtometre)? Express your answer as a percentage of the speed of light, c.arrow_forward
- You are on an interstellar mission from the Earth to the 8.7 light-years distant star Sirius. Your spaceship can travel with 70% the speed of light and has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 m at the front surface and a length of 25 m. You have to cross the interstellar medium with anthe approximated density of 1 hydrogen atom/m3Because you are moving at an enormous speed, your mission from the previous part will be influenced by the effects of time dilation described by special relativity: Your spaceshiplaunches in June 2020 and returns back to Earth directly after arriving at Sirius.(a) How many years will have passed from your perspective?(b) At which Earth date (year and month) will you arrive back to Earth?arrow_forwardHigh-Energy Cancer Treatment. Scientists are working on a new technique to kill cancer cells by zapping them with ultrahigh-energy (in the range of 1012 W) pulses of light that last for an extremely short time (a few nanoseconds). These short pulses scramble the interior of a cell without causing it to explode, as long pulses would do. We can model a typical such cell as a disk in 3 mm diameter, with the pulse lasting for 7 ns with an average power of 7.4 x10¹2 W. We shall assume that the energy is spread uniformly over the faces of 100 cells for each pulse. How much energy is given to the cell during this pulse? (answer in 2 decimal places and in MegaJoule (MJ)) m, = 4px 107T. m/ A c = 3 x 108 m/s e 8.85 x 10-¹2 C²/Nm²arrow_forwardConsider a pulse of laser light aimed at the moon that bounces back to Earth. The distance between Earth and the moon is 3.8x108m. What is the round trip time for the light travel? (ans. 0.395s) The nearest Star beyond the sun is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.2x1016m away. If we were to recieve a radio message from this star today, how long ago(in years) was it sent? (ans. 4.44 years) Show workarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningModern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Modern Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781111794378
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Time Dilation - Einstein's Theory Of Relativity Explained!; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuD34tEpRFw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY