Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 19.2, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The advantages of naming microbial lineage after a morphological feature and problems associated with such nomenclature.
Introduction:
Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming living organisms following a set of rules and guidelines which ensures that each individual is given a unique name. The organisms can be named based on their morphological features. Microbial morphology is the study of external observable features of the microbe such as cell size, shape, arrangements, presence of surface structures, and other features.
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35) Researchers have found a new type of bacteria, and they want to determine its phylum. What would
be the most reliable method to do so?
A) Conducting a Gram-stain test
B) Performing an analysis of metabolic pathways
C) Determining the ribosomal RNA sequence of the bacteria
D) Analyzing the morphological characteristics of the bacteria
What is endosymbiotic theory ? explain the assumptions of the endosymbiotic theory ?
Which among A-C is not matched correctly?
A) O Pseudomurien: comprises cell wall of Archaea
B) O Mycoplasma: bacterial species that lack a cell wall
C) OMycolic acıds: unusual cell wall components of Mycobacteria species
) O All are matched correctly
Chapter 19 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
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- What are bacteria? what is bacterial culture? how to grow bacteria and why? why are there so many bacteria on the keyboard?arrow_forward30) A water sample from a hot thermal vent contained a single-celled organism that had a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. What is its most likely classification? A) Eukarya B) Archaea C) Animalia D) Protista E) Fungi 31) To establish a link between a specific bacterium and a skin disease, researchers have shown that the bacterium was present in sick persons but not in healthy individuals. They isolated the bacterium in a pure culture and demonstrated that experimental healthy animals injected with this culture became sick. What other experiment do researchers need to perform to be absolutely sure that the bacterium is responsible for the disease? A) Demonstrate that the bacterium belongs to the pathogenic lineage B) Demonstrate that the bacterium is not able to live outside of humans or animals C) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate that it is the same bacterium as the one used for infection D) Isolate bacterium from an infected sick animal and demonstrate…arrow_forwardWhich among A-D is false regarding growth and/or analysis of a bacterial culture? A) O Fed-batch growth: typically results in an increased yield of cells over that obtained with batch growth B) O Auxotroph: requires addition of specific growth factors in order to grow C) O Prototroph: typically the wild type strain that possesses all the features indicative of the species D) O None of A-D is false; all are true statementsarrow_forward
- What are the 4 characteristics/properties of rRNA genes which make them good molecular chronometers. Why viruses are not found in the tree of life? Why might viable cell cultures be of more use in microbial taxonomy than preserved specimens? Is it possible to provide a formal name for a microorganism that has not been cultivated in isolation? What kind of name might be used if a microorganism is well-characterized but cannot yet be cultivated in isolation?arrow_forwardThere are five major clades of bacteria. List three of them and provide their general characteristics and at least one example for each group.arrow_forwardWhat are some prooves of Endosymbiotic theory?arrow_forward
- Are you able to distinguish between specific species of bacteria? Why, or why not? Which method for identifying bacteria is more precise, morphology or DNA sequence analysis, and why?arrow_forwardIn studying Lokiarchaeota, researchers identified eukaryotic signature genes and used this information to better understand the relationship between archaeans and eukaryotes. Many other types of genetic analysis can be used that focus on certain types of genes. One example of this is multilocus sequence typing (MLST), which focuses on examining genes called housekeeping genes. Microbes encode both housekeeping and pathogenic genes in their genome. Drag the examples of genes to the correct bins to indicate whether they are housekeeping genes, pathogenic genes, or eukaryotic signature genes. Place the phrase describing a gene product in the correct bin. ► View Available Hint(s) peptidoglycan synthesis genes Housekeeping genes membrane remodeling genes cytoskeletal genes membrane lipid genes Pathogenic genes endotoxin genes Reset ribosomal genes exotoxin genes Eukaryotic signature genes Helparrow_forwardConsider the fact that the use of 16S rRNA sequencing as a taxonomic and phylogenetic tool has resulted in tripling the number of bacterial phyla. Why has the advent of this genetic technique expanded the currently accepted number of microbial phyla?arrow_forward
- How are molecular data changing microbial taxonomy?arrow_forwardYou have discovered a new coccoid-shaped microorganism with no nucleus, a rigid cell wall, and a diameter of 2 μm. Chemical tests reveal that its cell wall does NOT contain peptidoglycan. The new microorganism is A) most likely a bacterium. B) most likely a eukaryote. C) most likely an archaeon. D) either a bacterium or an archaeon.arrow_forwardWhich of these is an example of inductive reasoning? A) Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic. B) These organisms live in sunny regions. Therefore, they are using photosynthesis. C) If protists are all single-celled, then they are incapable of aggregating. D) If two species are members of the same genus, they are more alike than each of them could be to a different genus.arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License