Concept explainers
Introduction:
A change in one or more heritable characteristics of population that occurs from one generation to the next is called evolution.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (d) evolution.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation/justification for the correct answer:
Option (d) evolution. A change in one or more heritable characteristics of population that occurs from one generation to the next is called evolution.evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.So, the correct answer is option (d).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) Natural selection. natural selection is natural processwhereorganisms better adapted to their environment tends to survive and produce more offspring.so, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) Sexual selection. Sexual selection is process where one organism member can choose mate of another sex. So, this is an incorrect answer.
Option (c) population genetics. Population genetics is branch of genetics where genetic varition occur within population.
Option (e) inheritance of acquired characteristics.when organism pass their traits to the offspring which is genetically acquired this is called inheritance of acquired characteristics.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Biology
- "evolution is an integrated process" and uses sickle-cell allele as an example. In just 2-3 sentences, trace the various factors that influence evolution based on this example. I just want to know how Darwin, Mendel, gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, recombination and even the environment serve to create evolution. Thank you.arrow_forwardIn order for natural selection to occur, organisms must (select all that apply) have a variation that can be passed from one generation to the next. have differential reproductive success. survive longer than another organism. have adaptations to their environment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following BEST describes the theory of natural selection? Living organisms change over time. Each species produces many more offspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspring that do survive contain genes that are inherited from the parents. There is variation among the members of a species. Some of this variation is genetically determined and so can be passed on to future generations. Some individuals have genes that increase their chances for survival and reproduction. These individuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes, causing their genes to become more common in the next generation. There is a struggle for existence among the members of a population.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about evolution is true? Natural selection provides a population with the adaptations that it needs to survive in its environment. Specific features of the environment can generate natural selection on a trait. Evolution and natural selection are the same thing. Because it is driven by mutation, evolution by natural selection is a random process.arrow_forwardDefinitions of phenotype, genotype, allele, gene, microevolution, macroevolution - Know that in humans, most of the genetic variation is observed within populations, and know why that is. - Know the 4 processes of evolution (3 neutral + natural selection) - Know that evolution isn’t progressive and doesn’t necessarily lead to more complexity - Know that evolution can lead to traits that decrease survival (ex: sexual selection) - Know that quantitative traits are generally influenced by (i) many genes, each having a small effect on the trait value; and (ii) the environment - What is F1 like when you cross 2 homozygotic lines of peas of different colors? - What is F2 like when you cross F1 individuals (remember what 9:3:3:1 is about) - Know what genetic dominance is about - Definitions of chromosome, nucleus, mitosis, meiosis, crossing over - How many chromosomes in humans? How many pairs of chromosomes? - Know and apply Hardy-Weinberg’s equation - Why do quantitative…arrow_forwardWhich of the following terms are used to apply ONLY TO SELECTION, and never to just evolution. Choose all that apply. (1 or more are correct). founder effect fitness allele frequencies bottleneck effect selective advantage/disadvantage cost/benefitarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about the forces that drive evolution is TRUE? Unlike the other evolutionary forces, natural selection is the only force that improves the match between the organism and its environment. Unlike the other evolutionary forces, gene flow is the only force that causes populations to become more different. Unlike the other evolutionary forces, mutation is the only force that decreases genetic variability. Unlike the other evolutionary forces, nonrandom mating is the only force that changes allele frequency.arrow_forwardGenotype, Phenotype, Traits, Allele, Heredity, Dominant, Recessive, Homozygous, Heterozygous, Natural Selection, Polyp, Medusa, Cnidocytes, Ctenophore, Radial Symmetry, Diploblastic, epidermis, endodermis, Cilia, Mesoderm, Chemotaxis Collection of cells on the outside of an organism. Collection of cell lining the inside of an organism. The gene makeup of an organism.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a true statement about evolution? Mutation produces novel alleles by chance. Alleles increase or decrease in frequency because organisms need them or don't need them. Natural selection leads to random changes in allele frequency within a population. Evolutionary change leads to an accumulation of changes that occur by chance.arrow_forward
- In order for a trait to evolve via natural selection, which of the following must be true regarding the trait? (this is a multiple answer question - so select all correct) Group of answer choices There must be variation in the trait. The trait must make the organism survive longer than organisms with different traits. The trait must confer a reproductive advantage on the bearer of the trait. The trait must be heritable. The trait does not necessarily need to be passed down to offspring.arrow_forwardWhat is an adaptation in the context of evolution? A heritable trait that was favored by natural selection. choose one of the following. A random genetic mutation that causes a new trait in a population. The ability of an individual to adjust to their environment as it changes..arrow_forwardDarwin proposed natural selection as a mechanism for evolution. How is it similar to artificialselection? How is it different? For natural selection to work, there must be genetic variation within a population as well asmutations? Why must there be both?What is the difference between natural selection and sexual selection?arrow_forward
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