Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18.4, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The two reasons the groups of species shown in part (a) of Figure 18.11 vary in their total amount of DNA.
Introduction:
Eukaryotes have very large genomes. Genome is the total amount of DNA present in a cell or organism. The size of the genome significantly varies among different species even who are similar in form and function.
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Imagine you are studying two eukaryotic species. The genome of Species A is 100
Mb in size. The genome of Species B is 500 Mb in size. Based only on this
information, which of the following statements are accurate?
Species B is a more complex organism than Species A.
None of the other statements can be made based solely on the information in
the question.
Species B has more genes than Species A.
Species B has more chromosomes, more genes, and is more complex than
Species A.
Species B has more chromosomes than Species A.
18) The common edible frog of Europe is a hybrid between two species, Rana lessonae and Rana
ridibunda. The hybrids were first described in 1758 and have a wide distribution, from France across
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hybrids or with adults of either species, they are rarely successful in producing offspring. What can you
infer from this information?
A) Postzygotic isolation exists between the two frog species.
B) Prezygotic isolation exists between the two frog species.
C) These two species are likely in the process of fusing back into one species.
D) The hybrids form a separate species under the biological species concept.
19) There is an island in the middle of a large river that houses a large population of ants. Damming of
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 18.1 - In the procedure shown in this figure, has the...Ch. 18.1 - Refer back to Figure 9.16. Why are primers needed...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2BCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 18.4 - The sizes of eukaryotic genomes vary because more...Ch. 18.4 - The members of a gene family are called paralogs....Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.5 - Based on their mechanism of movement, which type...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.5 - A segment of DNA that moves via an RNA...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1TYCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYCh. 18 - Lets suppose you followed the protocols described...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4TYCh. 18 - Lets suppose you want to clone a gene that has...Ch. 18 - In the CRISPR-Cas technology used for mutating...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7TYCh. 18 - Prob. 8TYCh. 18 - Prob. 9TYCh. 18 - Prob. 10TYCh. 18 - Draw the structure of a dideoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 18 - Identify and discuss three important advances that...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- You want to make a phylogenetic tree of a group of three related species of lizards that live on an island. Their genome sequences are highly similar except for a gene that controls body size. In that region of the genome, one of the lizard species has one copy of the growth control gene (L1), the second species has a duplication of the growth control gene (L2) and the third species has three copies of the same gene (L3). The lizard species show an increase in size depending on how many copies of the growth control gene they have (L1 is smallest, L2 is medium-sized and L3 is largest). Is this enough information to determine the phylogenetic relationships between the species, and predict which of the species arrived on the island first (and is the ancestral species)? Yes, because the ancestral lizard genome probably had a single copy of the growth control gene and after arriving on the island it was duplicated, resulting in species L2, and then another duplication occurred resulting in…arrow_forwardWhat is the phylogenetic definition of a species? A) A group of individuals that can breed and produce viable offspring B) A group of interbreeding individuals that share the same environment C) A group of individuals that share a common ancestorarrow_forwardAsaparrow_forward
- Can you answer all the parts to this diagram Species 1 and 2 are sister species from which you’ve cloned related genes. On the gene tree on the top of the next page, use labels to answer the following questions: (a) Label the node that represents a gene duplication with “D,” (b) Label the nodes that represent speciation events with “S,” (c) Pick a pair of genes that are paralogs and label them both “P.” (d) Pick a pair of genes that are orthologs and label them both “O.”arrow_forwardD) Two dragonfly populations that have accumulated several differences in their DNA sequences How do you know that is the answer? I thought we were not allowed to use DNA sequences in the lineage species concept.arrow_forwardAt the end of the first full paragraph on p. 703, Lauder and colleagues point out that closely related species can differ for two very different reasons. What are these two causes of species differences? I'm confused about what those two reasons are as I can't find the reasons.arrow_forward
- What problems have been identified with the biological species concept? How do other species concepts attempt to overcome these problems?arrow_forwardThe table shows the number of cytochrome c amino acid differences as compared to human cytochrome c. (see 2-point scoring rubric) Monkey Rabbit Shark Tuna Turtle Number of amino acid differences compared to human cytochrome c Frog 9 Horse 5 1 4 14 11 8 4. Suppose that two species, A and B, appear similarly but have molecular homoplasy, while species B and C appear differently but have molecular homology. Which pair of species is more likely to be closely related? Explain.arrow_forwardHow then do eukaryotes generate and maintain genetic diversity within populations?arrow_forward
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