Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 17.1, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The concept of cooperativity between organisms as opposed to the famous notion of evolution by competition between organisms.
Introduction:
Heritable
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
place the evolutionary steps that led to complex multicellularity in the order in which they thought to have occurred. a) The ability of cells to stick to each other
b) Differential gene expression in cells
c) The ability to communicate between cells
d) The ability to move molecules by bulk flow
You are examining an organism you believe to be an animal. Which of the following would NOT support your
hypothesis?
O A The organism appears to be heterotrophic.
O B The organism appears to be multicellular.
O C The organism appears to be motile.
O D The organism appears to have cell walls.
O E All animals, including sponges, have development directed by Hox genes.
A scientist discovered a new group of unicellular organisms that lack mitochondria but possess an organelle related to the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in energy production. The scientist hypothesizes that this organelle might be a missing link in the evolution of mitochondria. A) Do you agree with this hypothesis? Explain. B) Based on the available evidence, what is the most likely hypothesis for the origin of mitochondria? Provide four pieces of evidence to support this theory and justify why they are valid.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In social insects, colonies often consist of a queen and workers. The workers are typicallydaughters of the queen. The queen is the only reproductive individual—the workers aresterile. a) According to Hamiton’s rule, what is the maximum ratio of cost to benefit (C/B) for theworkers in order for this system to evolve?b) Some colonies of ants have multiple queens, which can be related to different degrees.Imagine that two sisters start a colony, so that they are the mother or aunt to allworkers. What is the maximum ratio of cost to benefit (C/B) for the workers to sacrificefor their aunts?arrow_forwardIn lecture, we discussed the endosymbiont theory that describes the evolutionary origins of mitochondria and chloroplast. A few scientists think that peroxisomes also have an endosymbiotic evolutionary origin, although most scientists disagree with this hypothesis. Which of the following hypothetical discoveries would provide support for the hypothesis that peroxisomes evolved from bacteria? Discovering that eukaryotic cells cannot live without peroxisomes. All of these hypothetical discoveries would provide support for the hypothesis that peroxisomes have an endosymbiotic evolutionary origin. Identifying the presence of DNA within peroxisomes. Determining that the majority of proteins in peroxisomes have eukaryotic origin.arrow_forward1) The Miller-Urey experiment in 1953 proved that Group of answer choices multicellular organisms can evolve from unicellular ones living cells could arise from non-living substances organic molecules important to living things could form from a "hot soup" of simple substances conditions on early Earth were not as inhospitable as biologists of the time generally believed a source of energy was not required in order for life to develop on Earth B) Which of the following statements about protists is false? Group of answer choices Some protists are mixotrophic Certain protists share a common ancestor with land plants Some protists are photosynthetic prokaryotes which are similar to the ancestral chloroplast Protists are a polyphyletic group of organisms that often bear little resemblance to each other Although most protists are unicellular, some protists are multicellular as wellarrow_forward
- Volvox carteri, an volvocine alga, has approximately 2000 somatic cells and only 16 reproductive or germ line cells. The observation that multicellular individuals, like Volvox, have a much smaller subset of germ line cells compared to somatic cells appears to be general rule. Which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for why this is the case? A) Organisms can biologically only contain a small number of germ line cells as they are always larger than somatic cells. B) Multicellular individuals with a germ line vs. somatic cell line differentiation only evolved a single time, thus all members of this lineage share the same scheme of more soma cells with a much smaller subset of germ line cells. C) Having a smaller subset of reproductive cells helps reduce the likelihood of cheating from evolving, which in turns prevents the collapse of the multicellular individual system. D) None of the above.arrow_forwardA typical prokaryotic cell has about 3,000 genes in its DNA, while a human cell has almost 21,000 genes. About 1,000 of these genes are present in both types of cells. Based on your understanding of evolution, explain how such different organisms could have this same subset of 1,000 genes. What sorts of functions might these shared genes have?arrow_forwardExplain why the answer is correct. For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins. c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins. d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes. e) all of these are truearrow_forward
- You are studying the evolution of species. After performing DNA analysis, he discovers a gene that is conserved from yeast to humans. In which cellular processes is this gene most like to be involved? Could this gene have evolved to confer some of the complex traits that we observe in modern animals, like multicellularity? Briefly explain.arrow_forwardA)The Miller-Urey experiment in 1953 proved that Group of answer choices multicellular organisms can evolve from unicellular ones living cells could arise from non-living substances organic molecules important to living things could form from a "hot soup" of simple substances conditions on early Earth were not as inhospitable as biologists of the time generally believed a source of energy was not required in order for life to develop on Eartharrow_forwardDescribe the features of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support the endosymbiotic theory.arrow_forward
- Multicellularity has evolved multiple times in different lineages on Earth. What is one major advantage of multicellularity over unicellularity? Multicellular organisms can move faster than unicellular organisms Multicellularity allows for specialization of cells into different tissues and organs Multicellular organisms have higher fitness than unicellular organisms. Multicellularity allows organisms to reproduce more rapidly. Only multicellular organisms can reproduce sexually.arrow_forwardWhat evidence supports the hypothesis that mitochondria preceded plastids in the evolution of Eukaryotes cells?arrow_forwardJust as all life shares a last universal common ancestor, all eukaryotes share a last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA). In considering what LECA was like, scientists look for features and processes common to all or nearly all eukaryotic groups. They assume that these structures emerged before the groups diverged and thus were present in LECA. Make a list of the features and processes that you think might have been passed down from LECA to modern eukaryotes.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education
Fossils & Evidence For Evolution | Evolution | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYr3sYS9e0w;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Dig In To Paleontology; Author: SciShow Kids;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FjyKmpmQzc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY