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Suppose you can communicate with the inhabitants of a planet in another solar system. They tell you that on their planet, whose diameter and mass are
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- The mean diameters of X and Y, two planets in the same solar system, are 6.5 x 10³ km and 1.2 x 104 km, respectively. The mass of x is 0.21 times the mass of Y. The value of g on Y is 8.1 m/s². (a) What is the ratio of the mean density of X to that of Y (Px / Py)? (b) What is the value of g on X? m/s² (c) The mass of Y is 4.372 x 1024 kg. What is the escape speed on X? m/sarrow_forwardNewton’s version of Kepler’s third law is P2 = 4 π2 / [G (M1 + M2)] · a3, where G is the gravitational constant, which is equal to 6.67*10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2. NASA's New Horizons mission found that Pluto's moon Charon orbits Pluto every 5.7 days at an average distance of 19200.0 km. What is the combined mass (in kg) of Pluto and Charon?arrow_forwardIn this problem you will measure the gravitational constant in a series of “observational experiments,” making use of Newton’s law of gravitation and second law of motion as well as Kepler’s third law of planetary motion Suppose a rocket is launched as described in part (d) with an initial speed of vi = 494 m/s and attains a peak altitude of H = 12.7 km above the surface of Earth. Taking ME = 5.95×1024 kg and Ri = 6.41×106 m, what is the measured value of the gravitational constant, in units of N⋅m2/kg2?arrow_forward
- Europa orbits Jupiter at a distance of 6.7 x 108 m from Jupiter's cloudtops (the surface of the planet). If Jupiter's mass is 1.9 x 1027 kg and radius is 6.8 x 107 m, what is the speed of Europa as it orbits in m/s? Round to the nearest hundredth. Don't worry about putting units, just put the number.arrow_forwardThe maximum running speed (S) in km/hr and the corresponding body mass (m) in kg were determined for 55 different species of mammals. An empirical relation was determined to be: S[km/hr] = 5.7 (m[kg])2 . Note: The notation in this equation means, “inserting the mass (m) in units of ‘kg’, automatically calculates the maximum running speed (S) in units of ‘km/hr’. ” (a) What are the implied units for the “5.7” factor? Hint: recall that relations between physical quantities must be dimensionally consistent, and the chosen units must in turn be consistent with the dimensionality. (b) Re-write the equation so that it gives the maximum speed in units of “m/s” for a given body mass in “g”. Show all relevant details. If done correctly, you will need to use at least one unit conversion factor.arrow_forwardPLEASE SEND THE ANSWER IN 5 MINUTES !!! Suppose that you plot the mass (y-axis, in g) versus volume (x-axis, in cm3) of 4 different geometrical objects on a graph paper. When you plot, you see that 3 of the objects seem to line up. Then, for the best fit line to these 3 objects, assume that you get the following slope points: Slope point 1 : (1;1.1) Slope point 2 : (11;28.5) Using these slope points, calculate the density of these 3 objects in units of g/cm .Give Your answer with 3 significant figures.arrow_forward
- A spaceship is stationed on Mars. How much energy must be expended on the spaceship to launch it out of the solar system ? Mass of the space ship = 1000 kg; mass of the sun = 2×1030 kg; mass of mars = 6.4×1023 kg; radius of mars = 3395 km; radius of the orbit of mars = 2.28 ×108 km; G = 6.67×10-11 N m2 kg-2arrow_forwardPart A Comets travel around the sun in elliptical orbits with large eccentricities. If a comet has speed 2.1×104 m/s when at a distance of 2.6x1011 m from the center of the sun, what is its speed when at a distance of 4.0×1010 m. Express your answer in meters per second. Πνα ΑΣΦ m/sarrow_forwardSpaceship Malfunction. You and your team get a distress call from another ship indicating that there has been an explosion and their propulsion and navigation systems are now off line. A large piece of their ship has been jettisoned into space, and their life support systems are failing. They need help as soon as possible. You try to track them, but are only able to pick up the piece of the craft that had been projected away from them in the explosion. You look up the make and model of their ship, a Galaxy Explorer 5000 (GE 5000), which has a total mass of 51000 kg. The piece heading in your direction is the ship's storage module, and has a mass of 8500 kg. The GE 5000 was at rest with respect to your ship at the time of the explosion. (a) Assuming you received the distress call 20 minutes before the jettisoned storage module passed by your ship at a speed of 650 m/s, what is the speed of the damaged craft? (b) How far away is the Galaxy Explorer 5000 when its storage module passes by?…arrow_forward
- Consider the gravitational acceleration on the surface of the Moon and of Mars. a) What is the acceleration, in meters per square second, due to gravity on the surface of the Moon? You will need to look up the mass and radius of the Moon. b) What is the acceleration, in meters per square second, due to gravity on the surface of Mars? The mass of Mars is 6.418 × 1023 kg and its radius is 3.38 × 106 m. Given: the radius of the moon is 1,080 milesarrow_forwardOne type of engine used in space travel is an ion thruster. These engines produce a low force that results in small acceleration changes. If an ion-thrust engine is used to apply 87 millinewtons [mN] of force on a satellite with a mass of 1.7 megagrams [Mg], what is the acceleration produced in units of meters per second squared [m/s2]?arrow_forwardLet's say, you went to Planet B. You took out a 100-g ball, released it from rest from a height of 10.0 m, and measured that it took 2.2 s to reach the ground. You can ignore any force on the ball from the atmosphere of the planet. How much does the 100-gball weigh on the surface of Planet B?arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning