Concept explainers
Convert the given sources data in the Table accompanied for the problems 13.14 to 13.20 in the textbook from Billions of kilowatt-hours to Billions of Btu.
Answer to Problem 16P
The given sources data in the Table accompanied for the problems 13.14 to 13.20 in the textbook from Billions of kilowatt-hours to Billions of Btu are tabulated in Table 1.
Explanation of Solution
Given data:
Refer to the problem 13.16 in textbook for the accompanying table.
Formula used:
The value of the
Convert 1 hr into seconds,
Rearrange the equation,
Calculation:
Substitute equation (2) in equation (1),
Rearrange the equation for the relation between kWhr to Btu.
For coal:
All the following calculations of conversion are in Billions.
Coal for the year 1980 is,
Substitute
Coal for the year 1990 is,
Substitute
Coal for the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Coal for the year 2005 is,
Substitute
Coal for the year 2010 is,
Substitute
Coal for the year 2020 is,
Substitute
The coal for the year 2030 is,
Substitute
For petroleum:
All the following calculations of conversion are in Billions.
Petroleum for the year 1980 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 1990 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 2005 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 2010 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 2020 is,
Substitute
Petroleum for the year 2030 is,
Substitute
For Natural gas:
All the following calculations of conversion are in Billions.
Natural gas for the year 1980 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 1990 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 2010 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 2020 is,
Substitute
Natural gas for the year 2030 is,
Substitute
For Nuclear:
All the following calculations of conversion are in Billions.
Nuclear of the year 1980 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 1990 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 2005 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 2010 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 2020 is,
Substitute
Nuclear of the year 2030 is,
Substitute
For Renewable/Others:
All the following calculations of conversion are in Billions.
Renewable of the year 1980 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 1990 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 2000 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 2005 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 2010 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 2020 is,
Substitute
Renewable of the year 2030 is,
Substitute
Therefore, the conversion from the Billions of kilowatt-hours to Billions of Btu is tabulated in Table 1 as below,
Table 1
Year | Coal | Petroleum | Natural Gas | Nuclear | Renewable/Other |
1980 | 3964364.644 | 839568.365 | 1181702.929 | 857047.498 | 971629.780 |
1990 | 5440295.783 | 432152.749 | 1272232.717 | 1968805.908 | 1219239.346 |
2000 | 6710783.794 | 379592.824 | 2051319.335 | 2573006.312 | 1216647.203 |
2005 | 6965554.432 | 393945.686 | 2565927.833 | 2641878.821 | 1282816.647 |
2010 | 7568426.513 | 357740.324 | 2641028.311 | 2760043.005 | 1623692.512 |
2020 | 8548734.427 | 364094.232 | 3763682.596 | 2971657.446 | 1758194.194 |
2030 | 11538105.135 | 391378.116 | 3388286.347 | 2971291.918 | 1908300.270 |
Conclusion:
Hence, the conversion for the energy sources from billions kilowatt-hours to billion Btu has been explained.
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