Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 1.12, Problem 15P
Interpretation Introduction
a) Adrenaline
Interpretation:
The skeletal structure of adrenaline is given. The number of hydrogen atoms bonded to each carbon atom is required. The molecular formula of adrenaline is also to be stated.Concept introduction:
In skeletal structures the carbon atoms are not usually shown. Instead a carbon is assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. The hydrogen atoms bonded to carbons are also not shown. The correct number of hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom is assigned keeping in mind that carbon has a valence of 4. The end of a line represents a carbon atom with three hydrogen atoms, CH3; a two-way intersection is a carbon atom with two hydrogen atoms, CH2; a three way intersection is a carbon with one hydrogen. CH; a four way intersection is a carbon with no attached hydrogen. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown. The molecular formula of any compound can be obtained by counting the actual number of atoms of each element present in the molecule.To determine:
The number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon atom in the given skeletal structure of adrelenene and its molecular formula.Interpretation Introduction
b) Estrone
Interpretation:
The skeletal structure of oestrone is given. The number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon atom is required. The molecular formula of estrone is also to be stated.Concept introduction:
In skeletal structures the carbon atoms are not usually shown. Instead a carbon is assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. The hydrogen atoms bonded to carbons are also not shown. The correct number of hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom is assigned keeping in mind that carbon has a valency of 4. The end of a line represents a carbon atom with three hydrogen atoms, CH3; a two-way intersection is a carbon atom with two hydrogen atoms, CH2; a three way intersection is a carbon with one hydrogen. CH; a four way intersection is a carbon with no attached hydrogen. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown. The molecular formula of any compound can be obtained by counting the actual number of atoms of each element present in the molecule.To determine:
The number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon atom in the given skeletal structures of oestrone and its molecular formula.Expert Solution & Answer
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List these compounds in order of increasing carbon–carbon bondstrength and in order of decreasing carbon–carbon bond length:HCCH, H2CCH2, H3CCH3.
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of the compound and molecules of water.
name
dimethyl ether
iodomethane
acetic acid
compound
formula or Lewis
structure
H
T
H-C-Ö-C-H
I
H
HILIA
CH₂I
|
H
H :O:
| ||
H-C-C-O-H
Between
molecules of the
compound?
O yes
O no
O yes
O no
hydrogen-bonding force
O yes
O no
Between molecules of
the compound and
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O yes
Ono
O yes
O no
O yes
O no
X
S
Determine a molecular formula, e.g. CH4, from the line structure
below.
Specify elements in the following order: C, H, others(in alphabetical
order).
Example: C4H7ClOS
Molecular formula
Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 1.3 - Give the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1.3 - How many electrons does each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 3PCh. 1.4 - Convert the following representation of ethane,...Ch. 1.4 - What are likely formulas for the following...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 6PCh. 1.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 1.7 - Draw a line-bond structure for propane, CH3CH2CH3....Ch. 1.7 - Convert the following molecular model of hexane, a...Ch. 1.8 - Draw a line-bond structure for propene, CH3CH=CH2....
Ch. 1.8 - Draw a line-bond structure for 1, 3-butadiene,...Ch. 1.8 - Following is a molecular model of aspirin...Ch. 1.9 - Draw a line-bond structure for propyne, CH3C≡CH....Ch. 1.10 - Prob. 14PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 15PCh. 1.12 - Prob. 16PCh. 1.12 - The following molecular model is a representation...Ch. 1.SE - Convert each of the following molecular models...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of citric...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - The following model is a representation of...Ch. 1.SE - How many valence electrons does each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Give the ground-state electron configuration for...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 24APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 25APCh. 1.SE - Draw an electron-dot structure for acetonitrile,...Ch. 1.SE - Draw a line-bond structure for vinyl chloride,...Ch. 1.SE - Fill in any nonbonding valence electrons that are...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following line-bond structures into...Ch. 1.SE - Convert the following molecular formulas into...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 31APCh. 1.SE - Oxaloacetic acid, an important intermediate in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 1.SE - Potassium methoxide, KOCH3, contains both covalent...Ch. 1.SE - What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 36APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 1.SE - What bond angles do you expect for each of the...Ch. 1.SE - Propose structures for molecules that meet the...Ch. 1.SE - What kind of hybridization do you expect for each...Ch. 1.SE - Pyridoxal phosphate, a close relative of vitamin...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 1.SE - Prob. 43APCh. 1.SE - Quetiapine, marketed as Seroquel, is a heavily...Ch. 1.SE - Tell the number of hydrogens bonded to each carbon...Ch. 1.SE - Why do you suppose no one has ever been able to...Ch. 1.SE - Allene, H2C=C=CH2, is somewhat unusual in that it...Ch. 1.SE - Allene (see Problem 1-47) is structurally related...Ch. 1.SE - Complete the electron-dot structure of caffeine,...Ch. 1.SE - Most stable organic species have tetravalent...Ch. 1.SE - A carbanion is a species that contains a...Ch. 1.SE - Divalent carbon species called carbenes are...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - There are two different substances with the...Ch. 1.SE - Prob. 56APCh. 1.SE - Among the most common over-the-counter drugs you...
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- Convert each of the following molecular models into a skeletal structure, and give the formula of each. Only the connections between atoms are shown; multiple bonds are not indicated (gray = C, red = O, blue = N, ivory = H).arrow_forwardConvert each of the following molecular models into a skeletal structure, and give the formula of each. Only the connections between atoms are shown; multiple bonds are not indicated (gray=C, red =O, blue =N, ivory = H)arrow_forwardDetermine a molecular formula, e.g. CH4, from the line structure below. Specify elements in the following order: C, H, others (in alphabetical order). Example: C4H7CIOS Cl Molecular formula Iarrow_forward
- How to Classify the Carbons and Hydrogens in a Molecule ?arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the compound with the molecular formula C8H12arrow_forwardCalculate the Enthalpy Change (ΔH) from average bond energies, which have been listed below in KJ/mol, for the following reaction and identify the nature of the reaction: CH3COOH + CH3OH → CH3COOCH3 + H2O [C‒H: 413; C‒C: 347; C=O: 745; C=C: 614; Cl‒Cl: 239, C‒O: 358; O‒H: 467]arrow_forward
- 3a) Complete the expanded structural formula for the cyclic compounds below by bonding the correct number of H atoms to each C. You need to make sure that each C has 4 bonds. molecular formula: C-C C-C C C-C c-c C C c-c-c CH CH CH 3b) For each molecule above, complete the molecular formula giving the number of C and H atoms.arrow_forwardStructural Isomers: In the next part you will learn a little about structural isomers and how to draw them. Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula, but different bonding arrangements or connectivities. In other words, the atoms are connected in a different order. For example, there are 2 different compounds with the molecular formula C4H10. They are given below: H H-C- H -H H H HHH H- H H-C -H Η ΗΗ H H Do you see how the atoms are bonded in a different order in the 2 structures? So they are structural isomers. C3H12 Find three different molecular structures, isomers, with this formula. (Hint: Remember the C rule where every C atom needs to have 4 bonds.) C2H60 Find two different molecules with this formula. (Hint: What are the 2 ways you can C5H10 How many structural isomers can you find for this formula? (Hint: Notice that 2 H atoms have been removed. This means that there is EITHER 1 double bond OR there is a ring structure.) Try to provide at least 4…arrow_forwardGiven Molecular Formula: C4H8O Draw the lewis structures of all possible constitutional (structural) isomers in the space below. Include all bonds to hydrogens.arrow_forward
- Which of these is a proper Lewis structure of propylene, C3H6, in which all of the carbons are linear? H H H-C-C-C-H H H :H: H: :H: :C-C-C: •H: :H: •H H-C-H H-C-H HIC-H Н H-C=C=C-H HA H-C-C=C H HH Harrow_forwardDetermine a molecular formula, for example, CH4, from the line structure below. (Specify elements in the following order: C, H, others (in alphabetical order). Example: C4H7CIOS) Molecular formulaarrow_forwardThe molecular formula of the following compound is C H Harrow_forward
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