Two mechanisms are proposed for the reaction
Mechanism 2:
Show that each of these mechanisms is consistent with the observed rate law:
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Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
- The following equation represents a reversible decomposition: CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g) Under what conditions will decomposition in a closed container proceed to completion so that no CaCO3 remains?arrow_forwardClassify each of the following statements as true or false. aSome equilibria depend on a steady supply of a reactant in order to maintain the equilibrium. bBoth forward and reverse reactions continue after equilibrium is reached. cEvery time reactant molecules collide, there is a reaction. dPotential energy during a collision is greater than potential energy before or after the collision. eThe properties of a transition state are between those of the reactants and products. fActivation energy is positive for both the forward and reverse reactions. gKinetic energy is changed to potential energy during a collision. hAn increase in temperature speeds the forward reaction but slows the reverse reaction. iA catalyst changes the steps by which a reaction is completed. jAn increase in concentration of a substance on the right-hand side of an equation speeds the reverse reaction rate. kAn increase in the concentration of a substance in an equilibrium increases the reaction rate in which the substance is a product. lReducing the volume of a gaseous equilibrium shifts the equilibrium in the direction of fewer gaseous molecules. mRaising temperature results in a shift in the forward direction of an endothermic equilibrium. nThe value of an equilibrium constant depends on temperature. oA large K indicates that an equilibrium is favored in the reverse direction.arrow_forwardAmmonia is a weak base that reacts with water according to this equation: NH3(aq)+H2O(l)NH4+(aq)+OH(aq) Will any of the following increase the percent of ammonia that is converted to the ammonium ion in water? (a) Addition of NaOH (b) Addition of HCI (c) Addition of NH4CIarrow_forward
- For each of the changes listed will the rate of the following chemical reaction increase, decrease, or remain the same? Fe(s)+2HCl(aq)FeCl2(aq)+H2(g) a. the concentration of HCl is decreased b. the iron is ground into a powder c. a catalyst is added to the reaction mixture d. the temperature of the solution is decreasedarrow_forwardWill each of the changes listed increase or decrease the rate of the following chemical reaction? N2+3H22NH3 a. Adding some N2 to the reaction mixture b. Raising the temperature of the reaction mixture c. Removing a catalyst present in the reaction mixture d. Removing some H2 from the reaction mixturearrow_forwardComplete the changes in concentrations (or pressure, if requested) for each of the following reactions‘ (a) 2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g) + 2x 1.50M (b) CS2(g)+4H2(g)CH4(g)+2H2S(g) x 0.020 M (c) Change in pressure: H2(g)+CI2(g)2HCI(g)x 1.50 atm (d) Change in pressure: 2NH3(g)+2O2(g)N2O(g)+3H2O(g) x = 60.6 torr (e) NH4HS(s)NH3+H2S(g) x 9.8106M (f) Change in pressure: Fe(s)+5CO(g)Fe(CO)5(g) x 0.012 atmarrow_forward
- Consider the reaction N2O4(g)2NO2(g). Draw a graph illustrating the changes of concentrations of N2O4 and NO2 as equilibrium is approached. Describe how the rates of the forward and reverse reactions change as the mixture approaches dynamic equilibrium. Why is this called a dynamic equilibrium?arrow_forwardCalculate the equilibrium concentrations that result when 0.25 M O2 and 1.0 M HCl react and come to equilibrium. 4HCl(g)+O2(g)2Cl2+2H2O(g)Kc=3.11013arrow_forwardComplete the changes in concentrations (or pressure, if requested) for each of the following reactions. (a) 2SO3(g)2SO2+O2(g) + x 0.125 M (b) 4NH3(g)+3O2(g)2N2(g)+6H2O(g) 3x 0.24 M (c) Change in pressure: 2CH4(g)C2H2(g)+3H2(g) x 25 torr (d) Change in pressure: CH4(g)+H2O(g)CO(g)+3H2(g) x 5 atm (e) CH4CI(s)NH3(g)+HCI(g) x 1.03104 M (e) Change in pressure: Ni(s)+4CO(g)Ni(CO)4(g) 4x 0.40 atmarrow_forward
- An equilibrium involving the carbonate and bicarbonate ions exists in natural waters: HCO5_(aq) «=* H+(aq) + COf-(aq) Assuming that the reactions in both directions are elementary' processes: Write rate expressions for the forward and reverse reactions. Write an expression for the equilibrium constant based on the rates of the forward and reverse reactions.arrow_forward. Suppose K=4.5103at a certain temperature for the reaction PCl5(g)PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)If it is found that the concentration of PCl5is twice the concentration of PCl3, what must be the concentration of Cl2under these conditions?arrow_forwardA mixture initially consisting of 2 mol CO and 2 mol H2 comes to equilibrium with methanol, CH3OH, as the product: CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g) At equilibrium, the mixture will contain which of the following? a less than 1 mol CH3OH b 1 mol CH3OH c more than 1 mol CH3OH but less than 2 mol d 2 mol CH3OH e more than 2 mol CH3OHarrow_forward
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