Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Boiling point of alkane increases with number of carbon’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is true.
Explanation of Solution
The compound containing longest parent chain of carbon having high boiling point due to the bulkiness of the structure while the compound containing shortest parent chain of carbon having low boiling point.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point.
Hence, boiling point of alkane increases with number of carbon.
(b)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Alkane having more density than water’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Alkanes not having any charge separation due to the absence of atoms of different electronegativity and thus they are non polar.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is false.
Explanation of Solution
Majorly alkane mostly having density lower than water or less than 1 g /cc. Thus, alkane having less density than water.
Hence, alkane having less density than water.
(c)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Cis and trans isomer have same physical properties with same molecular formula’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Alkanes not having any charge separation due to the absence of atoms of different electronegativity and thus they are non polar.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is false.
Explanation of Solution
Cis and trans isomer belongs to same molecular formula but having different physical properties such as different color or different odor.
Hence, Cis and trans isomer having different physical properties.
(d)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Least branched isomer has lowest boiling point’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Alkanes not having any charge separation due to the absence of atoms of different electronegativity and thus they are non polar.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is true.
Explanation of Solution
The compound containing longest parent chain of carbon having high boiling point due to the bulkiness of the structure while the compound containing shortest parent chain of carbon having low boiling point.
More branched isomer having lowest boiling point due to the decrease in surface area and thus less bonding between the molecules appear which result in decrease in boiling point.
Hence, least branched isomer has lowest boiling point.
(e)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Alkanes and cycloalkane are not soluble in water’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Alkanes not having any charge separation due to the absence of atoms of different electronegativity and thus they are non polar.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is true.
Explanation of Solution
Alkane and cycloalkane are non polar in nature and thus not be able to create hydrogen bonds water which results in insolubility in water.
Hence, Alkane and cycloalkane having insolubility in water.
(f)
Interpretation:
Interpret the following statement is true or false.
‘Alkanes are soluble in each other’.
Concept Introduction:
Alkane is a long chain of carbon linked with only single bond between each carbon. Its general formula is Cn H2n +2 where, n is number of carbon atom.
Moreover, straight chain have large surface area which increases the possibility of area of contact with other chain which results in higher vander waal forces between them and thus increases the boiling point. Change in the position of substituent attached on alkane may result in either constitutional isomerism or geometrical isomerism if present below or above the plane.
Alkanes not having any charge separation due to the absence of atoms of different electronegativity and thus they are non polar.
Answer to Problem 31P
The given statement is true.
Explanation of Solution
Liquid alkane are soluble in each other and in other organic solvent due to similar nature.
Hence, liquid alkane are soluble in each other.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
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