Chapter 11, Problem 1RQ

Summary Introduction

To determine: The name of two efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system.

Introduction: The nervous system is divided into two main parts; one is the central nervous system, and the other is the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord; whereas, the peripheral nervous system consists of the sensory (afferent) division and motor (efferent) division.

Explanation of Solution

The peripheral nervous system has two types of neurons, the afferent neuron, and efferent neuron. The afferent neurons are the sensory neurons, and the efferent neurons are the motor neurons. The efferent neurons of the peripheral nervous system carry the signals from the nervous system to the body parts.

The efferent neuron division of the peripheral nervous system consists of two components, known as the somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system.

Conclusion

The two efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The types of effectors controlled by the somatic division and autonomic division of the peripheral nervous system.

Introduction: The efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system are somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The movement of the various muscles of the body is controlled by the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system.

Explanation of Solution

The somatic nervous system controls the voluntary response of the body. It controls the movement via the skeletal muscles.

The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntary responses of the body. It controls the movement of the smooth muscles and the cardiac muscles. The autonomic nervous system also maintains the homeostasis of the body.

Conclusion

Thus, somatic nervous system controls the skeletal muscles and the autonomic nervous system controls the smooth and the cardiac muscles.