Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 22E
We believe that Venus, Earth, and Mars all started with a significant supply of water. Explain where that water is now for each planet.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 10 - List several ways that Venus, Earth, and Mars are...Ch. 10 - Compare the current atmospheres of Earth, Venus,...Ch. 10 - How might Venus’ atmosphere have evolved to its...Ch. 10 - Describe the current atmosphere on Mars. What...Ch. 10 - Explain the runaway refrigerator effect and the...Ch. 10 - What evidence do we have that there was running...Ch. 10 - What evidence is there that Venus was volcanically...Ch. 10 - Why is Mars red?Ch. 10 - What is the composition of clouds on Mars?Ch. 10 - What is the composition of the polar caps on Mars?
Ch. 10 - Describe two anomalous features of the rotation of...Ch. 10 - How was the Mars Odyssey spacecraft able to detect...Ch. 10 - What are the advantages of using radar imaging...Ch. 10 - Venus and Earth are nearly the same size and...Ch. 10 - Why is there so much more carbon dioxide in the...Ch. 10 - If the Viking missions were such a rich source of...Ch. 10 - Compare Mars with Mercury and the Moon in terms of...Ch. 10 - Contrast the mountains on Mars and Venus with...Ch. 10 - We believe that all of the terrestrial planets had...Ch. 10 - Is it likely that life ever existed on either...Ch. 10 - Suppose that, decades from now, NASA is...Ch. 10 - We believe that Venus, Earth, and Mars all started...Ch. 10 - One source of information about Mars has been the...Ch. 10 - The runaway greenhouse effect and its inverse, the...Ch. 10 - In what way is the high surface temperature of...Ch. 10 - What is a dust devil? Would you expect to feel...Ch. 10 - Near the martian equator, temperatures at the same...Ch. 10 - Estimate the amount of water there could be in a...Ch. 10 - At its nearest, Venus comes within about 41...Ch. 10 - If you weigh 150 lbs. on the surface of Earth, how...Ch. 10 - Calculate the relative land area-that is, the...Ch. 10 - The closest approach distance between Mars and...
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- The runaway greenhouse effect and its inverse, the runaway refrigerator effect, have led to harsh, uninhabitable conditions on Venus and Mars. Does the greenhouse effect always cause climate changes leading to loss of water and life? Give a reason for your answer.arrow_forwardSuppose that, decades from now, NASA is considering sending astronauts to Mars and Venus. In each case, describe what kind of protective gear they would have to carry, and what their chances for survival would be if their spacesuits ruptured.arrow_forwardList several ways that Venus, Earth, and Mars are similar, and several ways they are different.arrow_forward
- The closest approach distance between Mars and Earth is 56 million km. Assume you can travel in a spaceship at 58,000 km/h (which is the speed achieved by the New Horizons space probe that went to Pluto and is the fastest speed so far of any space vehicle launched from Earth). How long would it take you in hours to get to Mars at the time of closest approach?arrow_forwardCO2 and planetary warming: understanding Earth’s complicated atmosphere Mars has an atmospheric pressure of 6 mbar (compared with Earth atmosphere pressure of 1013 mbar), 96% of which is CO2. The average calculated temperature of Mars is -57°C, whereas the actual average temperature is -55°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is only 2°C. On the other hand, the average calculated temperature of Earth, with 0.4 mbar of CO2, is -19°C, whereas the actual average temperature is 15°C so that the amount of warming due to CO2 is 34°C, much greater than that on Mars, which has higher CO2 concentration. Explain how this is possible.arrow_forwardThe principle cause of our intense interest in Mars in the decades before the dawn of the space age was that Answers: A. a few astronomers believed that they saw evidence of an intelligent civilization on Mars. B. Mars has seasons just like the Earth and therefore should be inhabitable by humans. C. Mars has an unusual surface color and global dust storms, creating strange weather patterns. D. Mars has unusual orbital properties making our understanding of its motion around the Sun very difficult.arrow_forward
- Activity #1. Compare and Contrast. Similarities and differences of Venus, Earth and Mars. Do this on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Compare and contrast the three (3) terrestrial planets using table 1. 2. Provide explanations for your observations using table 2. 3. Answer the following guide questions. Guide questions: 1. Does planet size affect gravity? 2. Why do you think Venus has the highest mean temperature among the three planets? 3. Is presence of water a primary factor for a planet to sustain life? Why or why not? 4. Based on your observations using table 2, what are the notable features that makes the earth the only habitable planet among the three terrestrial planets? 5. What conclusions can you make?arrow_forwardWhich of the following properties of Mars would be altered by the process of terraforming? its size its atmospheric chemistry its distance from the Sun its geological activity its magnetic field Even if we were to terraform Mars to give it an Earthlike climate, that climate would not be as stable as Earth's, due to Mars's lack of a large moon volcanic activity an iron core atmospheric nitrogenarrow_forwardwhere do you think we should establish a colony first? In Mars or in Moon?arrow_forward
- A newly discovered star was found to have a surface temperature of approximately 5185 K. If an astrologist wanted to look for potentially habitable planets, what is the maximum distance from the star to reach its solar system's 'Goldilocks Zone'?arrow_forwardWhy doesn't Mars have active volcanoes today? A) all of the lava already escaped B) the planet lost its internal heat to cold space C) the volcanoes are just dormant and will erupt againarrow_forwardThe Msbar Alamal on its journey to Mars took a 7-month period, during which it traveled an estimated distance of 493 million kilometers. What was the distance covered during a 7-day period?arrow_forward
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