Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 1, Problem 44Q
To determine
The information about Crab Nebula and the time period at which the observers see the supernova that created the Crab Nebula. Also, determine whether the nebula emits
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White Dwarf Size II. The white dwarf, Sirius B, contains 0.98 solar mass, and its density is about 2 x 106 g/cm?. Find the radius of the white dwarf in km to three significant digits. (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a
4
sphere is Tr.)
3
km
Compare your answer with the radii of the planets listed in the Table A-10. Which planet is this white dwarf is closely equal to in size?
I Table A-10 I Properties of the Planets
ORBITAL PROPERTIES
Semimajor Axis (a)
Orbital Period (P)
Average Orbital
Velocity (km/s)
Orbital
Inclination
Planet
(AU)
(106 km)
(v)
(days)
Eccentricity
to Ecliptic
Mercury
0.387
57.9
0.241
88.0
47.9
0.206
7.0°
Venus
0.723
108
0.615
224.7
35.0
0.007
3.4°
Earth
1.00
150
1.00
365.3
29.8
0.017
Mars
1.52
228
1.88
687.0
24.1
0.093
1.8°
Jupiter
5.20
779
11.9
4332
13.1
0.049
1.30
Saturn
9.58
1433
29.5
10,759
9.7
0.056
2.5°
30,799
60,190
Uranus
19.23
2877
84.3
6.8
0.044
0.8°
Neptune
* By definition.
30.10
4503
164.8
5.4
0.011
1.8°
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (Earth = e)…
The difference in absolute magnitude between two objects is related to their fluxes by the flux-magnitude relation:
FA / FB = 2.51(MB - MA)
A distant galaxy contains a supernova with an absolute magnitude of -19. If this supernova were placed next to our Sun (M = +4.8) and you observed both of them from the same distance, how much more flux would the supernova emit than the Sun?
Fsupernova / FSun = ?
Let’s say you’re looking for extrasolar planets. You observe a star that has a spectral shift in the line that is supposed to be at at 656.28011 nm – this star shows this line at 656.28005 nm. What is the radial velocity of star (in m/s) and in what direction in relation to you? a) 27.4 m/s, towards b) 27.4 km/s, away c) -27.4 m/s, toward d) -27.4 km/s, away
Chapter 1 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 1 - Prob. 1QCh. 1 - Prob. 2QCh. 1 - Prob. 3QCh. 1 - Prob. 4QCh. 1 - Prob. 5QCh. 1 - Prob. 6QCh. 1 - Prob. 7Q
Ch. 1 - Prob. 8QCh. 1 - Prob. 9QCh. 1 - Prob. 10QCh. 1 - Prob. 11QCh. 1 - Prob. 12QCh. 1 - Prob. 13QCh. 1 - Prob. 14QCh. 1 - Prob. 15QCh. 1 - Prob. 16QCh. 1 - Prob. 17QCh. 1 - Prob. 18QCh. 1 - Prob. 19QCh. 1 - Prob. 20QCh. 1 - Prob. 21QCh. 1 - Prob. 22QCh. 1 - Prob. 23QCh. 1 - Prob. 24QCh. 1 - Prob. 25QCh. 1 - Prob. 26QCh. 1 - Prob. 27QCh. 1 - Prob. 28QCh. 1 - Prob. 29QCh. 1 - Prob. 30QCh. 1 - Prob. 31QCh. 1 - Prob. 32QCh. 1 - Prob. 33QCh. 1 - Prob. 34QCh. 1 - Prob. 35QCh. 1 - Prob. 36QCh. 1 - Prob. 37QCh. 1 - Prob. 38QCh. 1 - Prob. 39QCh. 1 - Prob. 40QCh. 1 - Prob. 41QCh. 1 - Prob. 42QCh. 1 - Prob. 43QCh. 1 - Prob. 44Q
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- Consider the image above of the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) supernova remnant. The supernova explosion that caused this remnant was observed on earth about 300 years ago. It is about 3000 pc away. Since that time, the shockwave from the supernova has expanded to form the roughly spherical cloud pictured above. From the center point to the edge of the cloud is about 3 pc. Compute the angular diameter of the Cas A supernova remnant as viewed from Earth. Express your answer in arcminutes.arrow_forwardThe telescope and CCD camera described in question 2 are scheduled to observe the star cluster M67 at 22:00 GMT on 02/03/2022. Using Stellarium, determine whether or not this is a good time to observe the cluster. Choose the answer below that best matches your conclusions. a. No - the cluster is not visible from London at this date and time. b. The cluster is visible but the full Moon is close by and so will interfere with the observations. c. The cluster is visible but is very close to the horizon and so will be difficult to observe. d. The cluster M67 is never visible in the sky from London so we should abandon any plans to observe it. e. Yes this is a good time to observe the cluster as it is well placed in the sky for viewing and the moon is not visible.arrow_forwardPlace the following events in the formation of stars in the proper chronological sequence, with the oldest first and the youngest last. w. the gas and dust in the nebula flatten to a disk shape due to gravity and a steadily increasing rate of angular rotation x. a star emerges when the mass is great enough and the temperature is high enough to trigger thermonuclear fusion in the core y. the rotation of the nebular cloud increases as gas and dust concentrates by gravity within the growing protostar in the center z. some force, perhaps from a nearby supernova, imparts a rotation to a nebular cloud y, then z, then w, then x z, then y, then w, then x w, then y, then z, then x z, then x, then w, then y x, then z, then y, then w MacBook Air on .H. O O O Oarrow_forward
- Which of the following is least reasonable regarding stars on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram? 1)Stars with the largest radii are found in the upper right of the diagram. 2) Red giants are found in the upper right of the diagram. 3)White dwarfs are found in the lower left of the diagram. 4) On the main sequence, the mass of stars generally increases to the right.arrow_forwardThe H-R diagram is the most important graph in astronomy. One of the reasons that this graph is so powerful is the number of different kinds of data it shows. Most graphs show two types of data. The H-R diagram shows seven. Can you name these 7 types of information about stars that appear on the H-R diagram?arrow_forwardFor each of the following parts, find the most possible type of object by considering the descriptions, and explain your answer. Each part is independent. The possible types are red giant, galaxy, planetary system, planet, dwarf planet, red dwarf, white dwarf, brown dwarf, satellite, asteroid, comet, protostar 2 star, star cluster, galaxy cluster, supercluster, emission nebula, reflection nebula, dark nebula (a) This object moves around the Sun. The nearest distance to the Sun is 0.5 AU, and the farthest distance from the Sun is 1000 AU. (b) This object is red in colour. The density is much lower than that of a star. (c) The mass of this object is the same as that of the Sun. It does not fuse hydrogen. (d) This object moves in a circular orbit about the Sun. Its orbit is between those of Mars and Jupiter. It is round in shape. (e) This object burns hydrogen in a region surrounding its helium core.arrow_forward
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