Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781118881279
Author: Richard S. Figliola, Donald E. Beasley
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 1.31P
You estimate your car’s fuel use by recording regularly the fuel volume used over a known distance. Your brother, who drives the same model car, disagrees with your claimed results based on his own experience. Suggest reasons to justify the differences? How might you test to provide justification for each of these reasons?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
QUESTION 2
The data in the accompanying table were obtained from EPA 1993 Gas Mileage Guide for new
automobiles. State whether each of the variables measured is quantitative (discrete or
continuous) or qualitative:
Estimated
Estimated
Engine
Model Manufacture Transmissi
No. of
City
Cylinders Miles/Gallo Miles/Gallo
Highway
Size
Name
on
(liters)
NSX
Acura
Automatic
3.0
18
23
Manual
Automatic
Manual
Colt
Dodge
1.5
4
32
40
22
22
318i
BMW
1.8
4
30
Cаmry
Toyota
2.2
4
30
A research team is interested in the difference between serum uric acid levels in patients with and without Down's syndrome. In a
large hospital for the treatment of the mentally retarded, a sample of 12 individuals with Down's syndrome yielded a mean of 4.5
mg/100 ml. In a general hospital a sample of 15 normal individuals of the same age and sex were found to have a mean value of 3.4
mg/100 ml. If it is reasonable to assume that the two populations of values are normally distributed with variances equal to 1 and 1.5,
find the 95 percent confidence interval. (3 decimal places)
lower limit =
upper limit =
3. Examine your data in Data Table 2 and in Data Table 3. For the data with the smallest percentage
difference, compare the total energy at each point. Calculate the sum U₁+Ug at x₁ as ½kx-mgx₁.
Calculate that sum at x₂ as ½kx²-mgx₂. Do you expect them to agree reasonably well? Explain why
they should or should not be the same.
4. Consider the same data as used in Question 3. Calculate the value of x halfway between x₁ and x₂.
Calculate U₁+Ug=½kx² − mgx_for_that point. Do you expect them to agree with the energy
calculated in Question 3? If they agree reasonably well, explain why they do. If they do not agree,
explain why they do not agree.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.1PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.2PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.3PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.4PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.5PCh. 1 - Discuss how the resolution of the display scale of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.7PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.8PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.9PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.10P
Ch. 1 - State the purpose of using randomization methods...Ch. 1 - Provide an example of repetition and replication...Ch. 1 - Develop a test plan that might be used to estimate...Ch. 1 - Develop a test plan that might be used to evaluate...Ch. 1 - A race engine shop has just completed two engines...Ch. 1 - A thermodynamics model assumes that a particular...Ch. 1 - Regarding the Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft...Ch. 1 - A large batch of carefully made machine shafts can...Ch. 1 - Suggest an approach or approaches to estimate the...Ch. 1 - Suggest a test matrix to evaluate the wear...Ch. 1 - Figure 1.15 Orifice flow meter setup used for...Ch. 1 - The sale of motor fuel is an essential business in...Ch. 1 - Using either the ASME 19.5 or ISO 5167 test...Ch. 1 - A simple thermocouple circuit is formed using two...Ch. 1 - 1.25 A linear variable displacement transducer...Ch. 1 - For the LVDT calibration of the previous problem,...Ch. 1 - A manufacturer wants to quantify the expected...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.28PCh. 1 - As described in a preceding problem, the...Ch. 1 - Light gates may be used to measure the speed of...Ch. 1 - You estimate your car’s fuel use by recording...Ch. 1 - When discussing concomitant methods, we used the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.33PCh. 1 - For the strain gauge calibration of the previous...Ch. 1 - The acceleration of a cart down a plane inclined...Ch. 1 - In general, what is meant by the term “standard”?...Ch. 1 - A common scenario: An engineer has two pencil-...Ch. 1 - Explain the potential differences in the following...Ch. 1 - Research the following test standards and codes....Ch. 1 - A hotel chain based in the United States contracts...Ch. 1 - Test code ASTM 558-13 allows for the comparison of...Ch. 1 - Suggest a reasonable number of significant digits...Ch. 1 - Using spreadsheet software (such as Microsoft...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.44PCh. 1 - Round the following numbers to 3 significant...Ch. 1 - Express the result, rounding to an appropriate num...Ch. 1 - Express the result by rounding to an appropriate...Ch. 1 - A car’s speed is determined by the time it takes...Ch. 1 - How much error could you tolerate in (1) book...Ch. 1 - Apply the guidelines to determine the number of...Ch. 1 - Using a tape measure having 1 mm graduations, the...Ch. 1 - Show how the following functions can be...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.53PCh. 1 - For the calibration data of Table 1.5, determine...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.55PCh. 1 - Each of the following equations can be represented...Ch. 1 - Plot y = 10e“° 5x volts on in semilog format (use...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.58PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.59P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 4. In a study to estimate the proportion of residents in a certain city and its suburbs who favor the construction of a nuclear power plant, it is found that 450 of 1000 urban residents favor the construction while only 240 of 800 suburban residents are in favor. (a) Is there a significant difference between the proportion of urban and suburban residents who favor construction of the nuclear power plant? Test with p-value at a = 0.05. (b) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference of favor proportions between urban residents and suburban residents and test if there is a significant difference between the proportion of urban and suburban residents who favor construction of the nuclear power plant. (You need to explain how you make the conclusion). (c) By using critical region(s) test if there is a significant difference between the proportion of urban and suburban residents who favor construction of the nuclear power plant. |arrow_forwardO You are running an industrial research study together with your project team to improve energy efficiency in a combustion process. The purpose of the research is to identify the optimum air-fuel ratio for the combustion process in a boiler under varying conditions of air supply and quality of fuel. The study would involve design of experiments, data collection and analysis, simulation of the different variables and validation of the optimum parameters. There is a lot of pressure to improve the energy efficiency as there is a forecast of fuel price rise in the forthcoming month. Based on the CRPE code of ethics, explain two critical precautions which the engineers have to consider before implementation of the data collection process for the industrial experiment. to be taken during the Describe briefly five ethical measures experimentaldata collection in order to ensure validity of results. Explain two precautions to be taken during the report writing on the research study carried out…arrow_forwardThe graph below shows the pressure and volume for a sample of dry air carried out at two different constant temperatures. Volume (x 10-³ m ³) 2.5 N 1.5 1 0.5 0 50 M 100 150 Pressure (k Pa) 200 250 -T= 300 K -T200 K An isothermal change has to be carried out very slowly. Explain why this is the case. Use data from the graph and the ideal gas equation to calculate the number of moles of gas in the sample.arrow_forward
- LOAD (%) Fuel Consumption (L/hr) 110 312.9 50 149.2 100 284.4 40 135.2 75 219.6 a. Construct a scatter plot for the given data and describe the nature of the relationship. b. Compute the value of the correlation coefficient c. Test the significance of the correlation coefficient.arrow_forwardSelect two saturated and two unsaturated samples of air from the dataset of pressure and temperature given below: Pressure (mb): 10, 20, 30 Temperature (°C): 10, 20, 30 Let A and B be two air samples, where A: (T=30°C, P=25 mb) and B: (T=30°C, P=30 mb). For each sample, determine the following: a. Saturation vapor pressure b. Dew point c. Relative humidity d. If samples A and B were cooled to 15°C. What would be their relative humidity? What would be their dew point temperature?arrow_forward4) If two variables are highly correlated, does this imply that changes in one cause changes in the other? If not, give at least one example from the real world-that illustrates what else could cause a high correlation.arrow_forward
- Q.49 A person operates a machine that makes capacitors. He has been advised to keep the track of the percentage defectives at his work center. He knows that this type of process, they expect about 4% defectives plus or minus some chance variation. He wishes to initially construct a control chart for defectives. He has prepared ten daily samples of hundred capacitors each. Sample No. 1 2 3456 789 10 % defectives 4 3 36 195 12 4 3 ) Construct the relevent control chart. What are upper and lower control limits?arrow_forwardQuestion 7 The following formulas are commonly used by engineers to predict the lift and drag of an airfoil: where L and Dare the lift and drag forces, V is the airspeed, S is the wing span, is the air density, and CL and CD are the lift and drag coefficients. Both CL and CD depend on α , the angle of attack, the angle between the relative air velocity and the airfoil’s chord line. Wind tunnel experiments for a particular airfoil have resulted in the following formulas. where α is in degrees.arrow_forwardA family wishes to buy a 2020 Toyota Camry. The two options the consider are (a) a standard automobile with and SI engine that gets 34 mpg and costs $18,000; and (b) a hybrid automobile that gets 52 mpg and costs $32,000. On average, the family drives 16,000 miles each year ad gasoline costs $1.65 per gallon. Calculate: (Show your complete solution) The amount of gasoline each vehicle would use each year. Gasoline cost savings of hybrid over standard. Time in months it would take to make up the difference in vehicle cost with fuel savings.arrow_forward
- Sample Paychrometrie Chart (Use the Chart from the Weather ToolKit 6.0 WET BULB (WB) TEMPERATURE 5.5 35 5.0 作30 4.5 300 4.0 25 HMIDI 3.5 20 3.0 2.5 15 20 68% 2.0 S0% 1.5 10 (kPa) 100 1.0 20% 0.5 10% 0.0 -10-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 DRY BULB TEMPERATURE (Celsius) At a temperature of 25 °C what is the mixing ratio if the relative humidity is E Work from the printed chart from the Tools folder O a) 12.5 g/kg Ob) 16.5 g/kg O) 18.5 g/kg O d) 20 g/kg O e) 22.5 g/kg VAPOUR UREarrow_forward1. Since experimentations are always subject to errors, what techniques are employed to neutralize the effects of these errors in the accuracy and validity of the experiment? 2. Why is the "factorial experiment" better in any way than a "one-factor-at-a-time" approach? 3. True or False: As soon as the experimental data (measurements) are obtained, the experimenter can already proceed with the usual significance testing. Explain. 4. What is "hypothesis testing"? How is it performed? 5.What makes ANOVA a powerful tool in hypothesis testing? What happens if you use a 2k full Factorial design to explore a set of variables which is known to have a non-linear response? 6. When is the addition of center points to a 2k full factorial design beneficial? Give a particular case that warrants its use. 7. In practical terms, explain how a LOW p-value connote SIGNIFICANCE (Recall that the smaller the p-value is, the more significant the factor becomes)?arrow_forwardThe following are monthly actual and forecast demand levels for May through December for units of a product manufactured by the D. Bishop Company in Des Moines: Month Actual Demand Forecast Demand May 100 102 June 82 108 July August September 110 101 115 101 105 108 October 114 102 November 130 105 December 115 107 For the given forecast, the tracking signal = MADS (round your response to two decimal places). %3D Incorrec Enter your answer in the answer box and then click Check Answer. Clear All All parts showing huluarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Physics 33 - Fluid Statics (1 of 10) Pressure in a Fluid; Author: Michel van Biezen;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzjlAla3H1Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY