Why are there reversible steps in the glycolytic pathway? Explain why they all be could not be irreversible?
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Why are there reversible steps in the glycolytic pathway? Explain why they all be could not be irreversible?
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- Is GAPDH only a glycolytic enzyme? What are the other physiological functions of GAPDH?Explain why, glucose-6-phosphate will prefer to go via the pentose phosphate route. What additional chemical is created by this route, and what role does it play in anabolic pathways?Why is gluconeogenesis labeled as enzymatic by-pass reactions?
- Why is the formation of fructose1,6bisphosphate a step in which control is likely to be exercised in the glycolytic pathway?Von Gierke’s disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type I. Patients with von Gierke’s disease lackglucose 6-phosphatase activity. Two prominent symptoms of this disorder are fasting hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis (elevated lactate levels in the blood), especially during strenuous exercise. Explain why these symptoms occur. What chemical reaction does this enzyme catalyze? Which pathways involve this enzyme? Lacking thisenzyme will cause impairment of which pathways?• Pls consider what pathways are affected by Von Gierke’s disease. Include in your explanation involving the Cori’s cycle.Why is the formation of fructose-1,6- bisphosphate a step in which control is likely to be exercised in the glycolytic pathway?
- a) Identify three differences between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. b) Why should we avoid just seeing these processes of reversals of each other?Von Gierke’s disease is also known as glycogen storage disease type I. Patients with von Gierke’s disease lackglucose 6-phosphatase activity. Two prominent symptoms of this disorder are fasting hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis (elevated lactate levels in the blood), especially during strenuous exercise. Explain why these symptoms occur. What chemical reaction does this enzyme catalyze? Which pathways involve this enzyme? Lacking thisthe enzyme will cause impairment of which pathways?• Pls consider what pathways are affected by Von Gierke’s disease. Include in your explanation involving Cori’s cycle. can you please do not write by your hand? I mean computer if you can. thank youcreate a detailed flow chart or diagram that will illustrate all the important features of the glycolytic pathway. I want you to place in your flow chart or diagram the following important information like: 1. the reactants and products of each step, 2. enzymes involved in each step, 3. important by-products generated in some steps, 4. type of the reaction of each step, 5. and the outline of the two stages of the pathway. Also, discuss briefly (4 sentences) how Galactose and Fructose enter the glycolytic pathway.
- Step 4 of the pentose phosphate pathway converts ribulose-5-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate. Which glycolytic reaction does this reaction resemble and what type of enzyme catalyzes it?AMP- PNP is a non-hydrolyzable ATP analog that cannot be metabolized by cells. Taurocholate is a bile acid that helps emulsify fats. When taurocholate is added to hepatocyte cell culture, it accumulates in those cells. The graph below shows the rate of cellular accumulation of the drug taurocholate in the presence of either ATP, ATP, or AMP-PNP. Based on this date, describe the mechanism by which taurocholate enters the cell. Justify the answer.In glycolysis, the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate is considered irreversible. Yet, in gluconeogenesis, this "irreverisble" reaction is bypassed and pyruvate is eventually converted to PEP. Explain how gluconeogenesis bypasses this irreverisble reaction. Include the enzymes required to convert pyruvate to PEP + the intermediate that is created. Imagine a scenario where the PDH complex has picked up an "activating" mutation causing it to convert pyruvate into acetyl CoA in an unregulated manner.There is way too much acetyl CoA than is actually necessary. Explain in a sentence or two how the body would compensate for this