Which one of the following statements best describes the difference between mutation and substitution in a population? Mutation is the origin of a new allele in an individual organism, and substitution is the evolutionary replacement of one allele by another. Mutation is the origin of a deleterious allele, and substitution is the increase in frequency of an advantageous allele by positive selection. Mutation is change in the DNA sequence within a functional gene, and substitution involves nucleotide changes in noncoding regions of the genome.

Which one of the following statements best describes the difference between mutation and substitution in a population? Mutation is the origin of a new allele in an individual organism, and substitution is the evolutionary replacement of one allele by another. Mutation is the origin of a deleterious allele, and substitution is the increase in frequency of an advantageous allele by positive selection. Mutation is change in the DNA sequence within a functional gene, and substitution involves nucleotide changes in noncoding regions of the genome.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Consider a population of 500 diploid individuals. If a mutation resulting in a single copy of a novel allele occurred in a gene in one individual, what is the frequency of the new allele in the population? 0.05 0.000001 0.001 0.005 0.002
Which statement about genome evolution is false? Mutations at the ends of introns are less likely than in the middle of an intron. Synonymous mutations rates are much higher than nonsynonymous mutation rates. Psuedogenes show high rates of mutations. Comparison of the mutational change in a specific gene can be used as a molecular clock to date evolutionary events between species. Evolution in a gene sequence will occur the fastest in regions that have the greatest effect on function.
The most important feature that enables a gene to act as a molecular clock is Group of answer choices: a recent origin by a gene duplication event a large number of base pairs in the genome being acted upon by natural selection a reliable average rate of mutation
At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown. The adaptations which allow survival and reproduction of a certain color of mice in the new environment is due to: variation. lethal mutations. acquired traits. isolation.
Point mutations, like the single-nucleotide substitution in human sickle-cell trait, illustrate which of the following evolutionary features? mutations are never detrimental and always advantageous, regardless of the environment mutations might be either advantageous or detrimental, depending on the environment mutations are always detrimental and never advantageous, regardless of the environment mutations are neither advantageous nor detrimental, regardless of the environment mutations are always both advantageous and detrimental, regardless of the environment
Explain: "Mutation is random;natural selection is the very opposite of random"
You have already learned that mutation is one source of variation in a population. Based on what you have just seen, what is a second source of variation?
Which of the following statements about mutation is correct? -Changing one nucleotide is a mutation, but duplication of an entire gene is not. -A deletion mutation in a coding gene will always result in the change of the corresponding amino acid sequence. -Orthologous genes are genes from different species that have been selected in the same environment. -A mutation that changes amino acid sequence will always have a fitness effect. -None of the above
Mutations are the raw material for evolutionary change, without mutations there could be no new variations among members of a population. Group of answer choices True or false
What is an adaptation in the context of evolution? A heritable trait that was favored by natural selection. choose one of the following. A random genetic mutation that causes a new trait in a population. The ability of an individual to adjust to their environment as it changes..
In the replica plate experiment, it shows that mutations are random. However, certain environmental stresses (such as high temperature, high salt, and low pH) can increase the mutation rate. QUESTIONS: Does increasing the mutation rate increase the probability that an individual mutation will be adaptive?
According to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation, all of the following slow down or stop evolution EXCEPT (choose as many as apply): Group of answer choices very small population very large population no one leaves or comes into the population everyone has equal numbers of offspring there are no mutations there are lots of mutations there is non- random mating