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- When deciding on output levels, members of a cartel
- set their output where MR = MC.
- produce the same level of output as if they were in a competitive market.
- take into account the impact of changes on members' profits.
- act as if they were
monopolies.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Suppose that a price-taker firm has a marginal cost function given by: MC= 20+0.2q. The firm could join a cartel in its industry and agree to a quota of 10 units. The collusion drives the price of the good from $24.55 to $50.00. Suppose that if the firm cheats on the cartel, it has no effect on the price. Calculate the producer surplus of this firm when they cheat on the cartel.Cartels are the group that is created by the firms in the market to gain control over the prices and the entire goods market.True/False Monopoly market can be created due to the cartel.
- Name a firm of business that is selling a good or item that is not so unique. However, in the local market, it's able to enjoy monopoly power. Although it's a monopoly, you don't see other firms entering the market. Name one possible entry barrier that could be keeping other firms from entering and competing with the suggested business.In cases where a cartel controls access to a key production input, firms in the cartel: have less incentive to cheat for fear that they will be cut off from the key input. will always have an incentive to cheat on the agreement, as cheating increases profits. are typically good at finding ways to access the key input outside the cartel. will never cheat on the cartel agreement.A monopolist can produce at a constant average and marginal cost of ATC = MC = $5. It faces a market demand curve given by Q = 53 - P. Suppose there are N firms in the industry, all with the same constant MC = $5. Find the Cournot equilibrium. How much will each firm produce, what will be the market price, and how much profit will each firm earn? Also show that as N becomes large, the market price approaches the price that would prevail under perfect competition. (Hint: your answers will be functions of N)(BONUS)
- Cartels have a difficult time maintaining their output agreements because an individual firm has an incentive to deviate (increase their output) from the arrangement. T/FConsider a duopoly with inverse demand of P(Q) = 20 – Q, where Q = q4 + qg. Each firm has costs of MC = AC = 4. These firms decide to form a cartel. What is the market quantity sold by the cartel and at what price is each unit sold?Imagine any market divided by 2 Cournot oligopolists who have identical costs Marginal cost = Average cost = 200. About this market, ask yourself: a) If the demand curve for this market is given by Q = 1250 - 2.5P, where Q is the total quantity demanded in the market and P is the selling price, both given in units, what is the reaction curve of the oligopolists? b) What will be the quantity produced and the selling price of the oligopolists? c) A strategist considers that a good marketing campaign would be able to expand the Demand of this market to Q = 1,500 - 2.5P and that in this way, oligopolists could produce the same amount and make significantly greater profits. Such a campaign would generate a reduction in profits in the order of 70,000. Is it worth making this investment in marketing?
- Consider an industry with two firms, each having marginal costs and total costs equal to zero. The industry demand is P = 100 − Q where Q = Q1 + Q2 is total output. 1. Find the cartel output and cartel profits assuming that the firms share the profit equally. In cartels, firms behave as if they are a monopoly. Hence, the cartel quantity is at the point where MR = MC. After finding the quantity, use the demand curve to find the cartel price. And then calculate Π = T R − T C. Divide the total profit by 2 to find each firm's profit. 2. If each firm behaves as a Cournot competitor, what is firm 1's optimal output given firm 2's output? This part is asking the best response function of firm 1. Solve firm 1's profit maximizatin problem by setting its MC = MR. Then, express Q1 as a function of Q2. 3. Calculate the Cournot equilibrium output and profit for each firm. You have already solved firm 1's problem above. Now solve firm 2's problem. Then, solve BR functions simultaneously to get…One factor that has prevented the formation of cartels for producers of commodities is that: a) Commodity produces have been able to dominate world markets. b)Production of most commodities is capital intensive. c) The demand for commodities tends to be price inelastic d)Substitute products exist forany commoditiesTwo farmers produce milk for local town with local milk demand given by Q=100-1/3P (P denotes price measured in Rands, Q denotes the quantity measured in litres). Both farmers have the same cost function given by TC=150+2q (where q denotes output) (a) Does joining a cartel offer any benefits to both farmers? Justify your answer
