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- Automobile manufacturing is an industry subject to significant economies of scale. Suppose there are four domestic auto manufacturers, but the demand for domestic autos is no more than 2.5 times the quantity produced at the bottom of the long-run average cost curve. What do you expect will happen to the domestic auto industry in the long run?How would an improvement in technology, like the high-efficiency gas turbines or Pirelli tire plant, affect me lung-nm average cost curve of a firm? Can you draw the old curve and the new one on the same axes? How might such an improvement affect other firms in the industry?A computer company produces affordable, easy-to-use home computer systems and has fixed costs of 250. The marginal cost of producing computers is 700 for the first computer, 250 for the second, 300 for the third, 350 for the fourth, 430 for the fifth, 450 for the sixth, and 500 for the seventh. Create a table that shows the companys output, total cost, marginal cost, average cost, variable cost, and average variable cost. At what price is the zero-profit point? At what price is the shutdown point? If the company sells the computers for 500, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss. If the firm sells the computers for 300, is it making a profit or a loss? How big is the profit or loss? Sketch a graph with AC, MC, and AVG curves to illustrate your answer and show the profit or loss.
- How does fixed cost affect marginal cost? Why is this relationship important?What is the relationship between marginal product and marginal cost? (Hint: Look at the curves.) Why do you suppose that is? Is this relationship the same in the long run as in the short run?Return to Figure 7.7. What is the marginal gain in output from increasing the number of batters from 4 to 5 and from 5 to 6? Does it continue the pattern of diminishing marginal returns? Figure 7.7 How output Affects Total costs
- Compute the average total cost, average variable cost, and marginal cost of producing 50 and 72 haircuts. Draw the graph of line three curves between 60 and 72 haircuts.Do you think that the taxicab industry in large cities would be subject to significant economies of scale? Why or why not?In choosing a production technology, how will firms react if one input becomes relatively more expensive?
- Average cost curves (except for avenge fixed cost) tend to be U-shaped, decreasing and then increasing. Marginal cost curves have the same shape, though this may be harder to see since most of the marginal cost curve is increasing. Why do you think that average and marginal cost curves have the same general shape?Refer to the to graph on the night Which level of output in the graph below represents the minimum efficent scale? OA 1,000 books B. 20.000 books C. 40,000 books $22.00 20.00 18.00 D. 80,000 boks Which sire bookstore is more likely to expenence diseconomies of scale? Long -nun Average cost OA Abookstore seling 1,000 books per month B. Abookstore seling 20,000 books per month OC. Abookstore selling 40,000 books per month 1,.000 20.000 Quantity of books sold per month OD. A bookstore selling 80.000 books per month 40,00,000Refer to the to graph on the right. Which level of output in the graph below represents the minimum efficient scale? OA 1,000 books B. 20,000 books C. 40,000 books $22 00 D. 80,000 books 20.00 18.00 Which size bookstore is more likely to expenence diseconomies of scale? Long-nun Average cost O A. Abookstore selling 1.000 books per month B. A bookstore seling 20,000 books per month C. Abockstore selling 40,000 books per month 40,00.000 OD. A bookstore seling 80 000 books per month 1,000 20,000 Quantry of books sold per month