(Screening Problem) A monopolist decides both the price p and the quality q of the product he sells. Each buyer buys exactly one unit, but buyers vary in terms of their preferences for quality. There are two types of buyers: high-type with utility functions UH (q, t) = 2√q-p and low-type with utility function UL (q,t) = √9 - p. Let the probability of drawing a high-type buyer is 0.2. The cost of production for quality level q is just q (i.e., c(q) = q). The monopolist attempts to maximize his revenue by offering a menu of contracts {(9L.PL), (9H,PH)}. Find the optimal screening contract for the monopolist.
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- true or false The oligopolist reduces the price of the good by 10%, but the competitors reduced their prices by 8%. As a result, the oligopolist only attracts only an additional 5% consumers from his competitors, This will reduce the total revenue of the oligopolist.Problem 3 A monopolist sells its product to 5000 consumers. Each of these consumers has a utility function of the form: u(x, m) = kx − x² + m, where x is the quantity of the good consumed, m is money left over and k is a parameter that can take different values: 1000 consumers have k = 4, another 1000 have k = 5 and 3000 have k = 6. Initially, each consumer has 100€ that he may spend. The marginal cost of producing this good is 1€. 1. The monopolist sets a price of p per unit that it charges to every consumer. What price maximizes the firm's profit? How much profit does the firm make?Exercise A.8 In a small town there is only one theatre, so the owner company is monopolistic and has a constant marginal cost of €10. A group of potential viewers, made up of workers, has the demand curve Q1 = 80 – P1. Another group of potential viewers, made up of retirees with lower incomes, has the demand curve Q2 = 80 – 2P2. (a) If the local authority authorises price discrimination, determine the monopolist's equilibrium and represent graphically. b) How would the result vary if you could discriminate prices? Represent graphically. c) Relate the equilibrium prices of the previous section with the elasticities of demand of the two groups of spectators. (d) If the monopolist could apply a double tranche tariff, what usage and entry fee would he set if the latter could be different for each group? What benefits would you get? Represent graphically
- Exercise A.8 In a small town there is only one theatre, so the owner company is monopolistic and has a constant marginal cost of €10. A group of potential viewers, made up of workers, has the demand curve Q₁ = 80 - P₁. Another group of potential viewers, made up of retirees with lower incomes, has the demand curve Q₂ = 80 - 2P₂. (a) If the local authority authorises price discrimination, determine the monopolist's equilibrium and represent graphically. b) How would the result vary if you could discriminate prices? Represent graphically. c) Relate the equilibrium prices of the previous section with the elasticities of demand of the two groups of spectators. (d) If the monopolist could apply a double tranche tariff, what usage and entry fee would he set if the latter could be different for each group? What benefits would you get? Represent graphically.Q52 Plaex Building Systems Inc., a startup firm based in Hampstead, New Brunswick, is a monopolist selling nine units of its output at a price of $50. If the marginal revenue of the tenth unit is $30, then the Multiple Choice price of the tenth unit is greater than $50. price of the tenth unit is $48. price of the tenth unit is $49. firm's demand curve cannot be specified. firm's demand curve is perfectly elastic.A downtown bar serves a drink that UCSB students love. The profit-maximizing owner knows that any given student has a demand for drink given by p = 14 -q and a non-student has demand p 6 – q. Because the bar can't identify whether a customer is a student, she decides to sell drinks in packages. She offers a large package of 12 drinks and a small package of 4 drinks, and each student is only allowed to buy one package. Resales are strictly prohibited. The bar's marginal cost is 2. If both packages are offered and priced optimally, what is the minimum surplus students must get from the large package in order to not want to buy the small package? a. 64 32 O C. 26 O d. 80 b.
- Suppose that Pokhara manages to hire an even better (and still costless) market research team, allowing Pokhara to acquire even finer information about consumers' valuations. It can now tell whether a consumer's valu- ation v belongs to either of Groups 1, 2 or 3 with valuations within the intervals [0,1/3], (1/3,2/3], or (2/3, 1] respectively. As such, Pokhara can respectively charge p₁, p2 and p3 separately to these three groups of con- sumers. h. i. Write down Pokhara's profit maximization problem for each group of consumers. Derive the optimal prices for each group pi", p2" and p**. (Hint: note that for each group, the firm can at most has a demand of 1/3.) Following [h], write down Pokhara's profit ***, consumer surplus CS*** and total surplus W*** when it can set group-based prices to three groups. 2 j. Compare your results in [c], [f] and [i] and explain the im- pact of Pokhara having more precise consumer information on prof- its, consumer surplus and total welfare. (i.e., does…5. Exercise 4.5 Roger is a regular consumer of personalized greeting cards with Hofmann photographs. Its demand curve is given by q = 31 -0.5P. Rogelio is a representative consumer of this type of cards so we can assume that the rest of the customers, 1,000 in total, have the same demand curve. The supplier company, Hofmann, can produce each card at a constant average and marginal cost of €2. In the market of personalized greeting cards there are many other companies that offer very similar cards. Consider the following 4 scenarios: (i) Hofmann acts as a perfect competitor. ii) Hofmann acts as a monopolist. iii) Hofmann acts as a first-degree discriminator monopolist iv) Hofmann acts as a second-degree discriminator monopolist and offers each of its customers the possibility to buy the first 15 cards at a unit price of € 32, the next 5 (from € 16 to 20) at a unit price of € 22 and the following 10 (from € 21 to 30) at a unit price of €2. Calculate, for the 4 scenarios proposed, the…You are the manager of a monopolist that produces women shoes and faces a random marginal cost. The demand for women shoes is O = 1000 - 0.1P Marginal cost can be constant at either $60 with a probability of 50% or $40 with a probability of probability of 50%. Draw a graph and plot the demand for shoes. Derive the marginal revenue curve and plot it on the graph. Find the price and output that maximize profits. Find the firm's profits.
- The oligopolist increases the price of the good by 10% but the competitors did not follow the price increase. As a consequence, 15% of the consumers shifted to his competitors. As a result, his total revenue will increase. True FalseQuestion about HOTELLING MODEL Two burrito shops at either end of a one-mile road. The road has a uniform distribution of customers along it. People's reservation price for burrito is $10.00, The disutility that people get from walking is $5.00 per mile. If the vendors charge $8.00 for a burrito, what proportion of people on the road will buy a burrito (answer should be number between 0 and 1)? Could you also provide formulas that you used? Answer:Suppose there is only 1 consumer who has a demand of a product up to 1 unit per period. There are 2 periods. Her willingness to pay is $10 per unit. There are two firms, I and E. Firm I is the incumbent and is the only producer in the 1s period. Firm E is the potential entrant with 0 marginal cost but must incur an entry cost of $1 if entering this market. Firm I knows its marginal cost (c) but Firm E does not know for sure: it knows c is either 0 or 5. Without any further information/signal, Firm E believes the probability for either case is 50%. The timing of the game is the following: • Firm I sets the price in the 1" period (pi); • Firm E makes its entry decision; • Were “not enter" chosen, Firm I will remain as a monopoly in the 2"d period and set the price at $10. Were “enter" chosen, the two firms engage in Bertrand competition in the 2nd period. Lastly, assume both firms have a discount factor of 0.8.