Os20 s40 s1.00 mol A0 mol B0.54 mol A0.46 mol B0.30 mol A0.70 mol BProgress of a hypothetical reaction A→B. The volume of the flask is 1.0 LPart AEstimate the number of moles of A in the mixture after 30 s.O between 0.46 and 0.58 molO between 0.41 and 0.54 molO 0.58 molO between 0.58 and 0.70 mol0.41 molO between 0.30 and 0.41 molSubmitRequest Answer

Trial and Error Method: Let order of Reaction be equal to 1. For the first order, A=A0e-Ktln…

Answered: Os 20 s 40 s 1.00 mol A 0 mol B 0.54…

World of Chemistry, 3rd edition

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781133109655

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter17: Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12A

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A gaseous material XY(g) dissociates to some extent to produce X(g) and Y(g): XY(g)X(g)+Y(g) A 2.00-g sample of XY (molar mass = 165 g/mol) is placed in a container with a movable piston at 25C. The pressure is held constant at 0.967 atm. As XY begins to dissociate, the piston moves until 35.0 mole percent of the original XY has dissociated and then remains at a constant position. Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of the gas in the container after the piston has stopped moving, and determine the value of K for this reaction of 25C.
5.12. True or false: If all the partial pressures of reactants and products drop by half, the value of Q drops by half. Give an example of a chemical reaction to support your answer.
The equilibrium constant for a certain reaction decreases from 8.84 to 3.25 102 when the temperature increases from 25C to 75C. Estimate the temperature where K = 1.00 for this reaction. Estimate the value of S for this reaction. (Hint: Manipulate the equation in Exercise 79.)
The following equilibrium is established in a closed container: C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)H=393kJmol1 How does the equilibrium shift in response to each of the following stresses? (a) The quantity of solid carbon is increased. (b) A small quantity of water is added, and CO2 dissolves in it. (c) The system is cooled. (d) The volume of the container is increased.
During an experiment with the Haber process, a researcher put 1 mol N2 and 1 mol H2 into a reaction vessel to observe the equilibrium formation of ammonia, NH3. N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) When these reactants come to equilibrium, assume that x mol H2 react. How many moles of ammonia form?
Explain why an equilibrium between Br2(l) and Br2(g) would not be established if the container were not a closed vessel shown in Figure 13.5.
Calculate rH for the reaction 2 C(s) + 3 H2(g) + O2(g) C2H5OH() given the information below. C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) rH = 393.5 kJ/mol-rxn 2 H2(g) + O2(g) 2 H2O() rH = 571.6 kJ/mol-rxn C2H5OH() + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O() rH= 1367.5 kJ/mol-rxn
12.108 A nuclear engineer is considering the effect of discharging waste heat from a power plant into a lake and estimates that this may warm the water locally to 25 °C. One question to be considered is the effect of this temperature change on the uptake of CO2 by the water. The equilibrium constant for the reaction CO2+H2OH2CO3 ; is K=1.7103 at 25 °C. Because bonds form, the reaction is exothermic. (a) Will this reaction progress further toward products at higher temperatures near the water discharge with its warmer water than it would in the cooler lake water? Explain your reasoning. (b) Carbonic acid has a Kaof 2.5104 at 25 °C. What is the equilibrium constant for the CO2+2H2OHCO3+H3O+? (c) What additional factor should the engineer be considering about CO2 gas, probably before considering this reaction chemistry?
7-64 As we shall see in Chapter 20, there are two forms of glucose, designated alpha and betawhich are in equilibrium in aqueous solution. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is 1.5 at 30°C. (a) If you begin with a fresh 1.0 M solution of D-glucose in water, what will be its concentration when equilibrium is reached? (b) Calculate the percentage of glucose and of glucose present at equilibrium in aqueous solution at 30°C.
Why are there no changes specified for Ni in Exercise 13.61, part (f)? What property of Ni does change?
When a mixture of hydrogen and bromine is maintained at normal atmospheric pressure and heated above 200. °C in a closed container, the hydrogen and bromine react to form hydrogen bromide and a gas-phase equilibrium is established. Write a balanced chemical equation for the equilibrium reaction. Use bond enthalpies from Table 6.2 ( Sec. 6-6b) to estimate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Based on your answers to parts (a) and (b), which is more important in determining the position of this equilibrium, the entropy effect or the energy effect? In which direction will the equilibrium shift as the temperature increases above 200. °C? Explain. Suppose that the pressure were increased to triple its initial value. In which direction would the equilibrium shift? Why is the equilibrium not established at room temperature?
Consider the decomposition of CaCO3(s) into CaO(s) and Co2(g). What is the equilibrium partial pressure of CO2 at room temperature?

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