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Which of the following describes how long-term glycemic control is usually evaluated?
Question 83 options:
a)
Testing urinary
b)
Testing urinary protein levels (microalbuminuria)
c)
Self-monitoring of blood glucose
d)
Measuring glycated hemoglobin
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- Which of the following are priorities in the acute management of DKA and HHNKS? Question 74 options: a) Long-acting IV insulin to correct glucose over a longer period of time and to prevent cerebral edema, neurovitals every hour to monitor neurological status b) Fluid rehydration, correction of hyperglycemia, monitoring and correcting electrolytes c) Mannitol or 3% saline to prevent cerebral edema as part of fluid rehydration, sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis, correction of hypokalemia d) Gradual fluid rehydration, aggressive correction of hyperglycemia, and correcting sodium levelsWhich of the following is a clinical manifestation consistent with diabetic ketoacidosis? Question 63 options: a) Glucose < 14 mmol/L b) pH > 7.51 c) Bicarbonate > 30 mmol/L d) Acetone breathDKA and HHNKS are described as: Question 3 options: a) Life threatening hyperglycemic emergencies requiring immediate care b) Temporary hyperglycemic crises that require doubling up on insulin dose c) Chronic illness that causes nephropathy in the long-term d) Acid-base imbalance disorders, specifically metabolic acidosis
- Which of the following is a symptom of hypoglycemia? a) Polyuria b) Bradycardia c) Diaphoresis d) Hypertensiona patients bun is 50 mg/dl and his serum creatinine is 2.5 mg/dl .these result suggest A) patient was not fasting B) a laboratory error C) renal failure D) prerenal failureA client with Type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital in a semi-conscious state with fever, nausea, and vomiting. The urine sample was positive for ketone bodies. Which of the following statements regarding the client is correct? Question 80 options: a) Glucagon should be administered to stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver b) An injection of insulin will decrease ketone-body production c) The client should be started on a glucose infusion to help them regain consciousness d) The client's blood glucose level is well below 4.4 mmol/L
- Which of the following is a correct cause of a diabetes mellitus symptom? 1) decreased installation of GLUT transporters causes glucosuria 2) saturation of aquaporins causes polyuria 3) saturation of GLUT transporters causes hyperglycemia 4) decreased glucose in cells causes ketoacidosisa) Adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease) A decrease in serum sodium may occur in b) Hypoparathyroidism c) Hyperparathyroidism d) ThyrotoxicosisA publication about the Nurses’ Health Study found a correlation between glycemic load and mortality. What is meant by glycemic load? Question 52 options: a) Glycemic load is a measure of blood glucose response to different carbohydrates compared with glucose b) Glycemic load is the weight of the food plus a correction for the amount of fibre the food contains c) Glycemic load describes how many grams of glucose food releases into the bloodstream d) Glycemic load is based on glycemic index of a food but takes into account the amount of available carbohydrate in a serving of that food
- Regarding pathological calcification : a) It is the abnormal deposition of calcium salts, together with smaller amounts of iron, magnesium, and other mineral salts in blood. b)It classified into dystrophic and metapasia calcification. c)Dystrophic calcification takes place on dead tissues regardless calcium level in the blood. d)None of the above. e)It is a precursor of cancer.A patient has been receiving long-term antibiotic therapy as part of treatment for an infected leg wound. He tells the nurse that he has had “spells of diarrhea” for the last week. Which medication is most appropriate for him at this time? a) bismuth subsalicylateb )L. acidophilusc )diphenoxylate with atropine d) codeineAfter teaching a diabetic patient about the symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, the nurse determines that the client understands the instructions when she says that hyperglycemia may be manifested by which symptom? Question 77 options: a) Dehydration b) Pallor c) Nervousness d) Sweating