Which of the following is a clinical manifestation consistent with diabetic ketoacidosis? Question 63 options: a) Glucose < 14 mmol/L b) pH > 7.51 c) Bicarbonate > 30 mmol/L d) Acetone breath
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Which of the following is a clinical manifestation consistent with diabetic ketoacidosis?
Question 63 options:
a)
Glucose < 14 mmol/L
b)
pH > 7.51
c)
Bicarbonate > 30 mmol/L
d)
Acetone breath
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps
- Which of the following is true about the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia? Question 62 options: a) Glucagon decreases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver b) Autonomic symptoms are caused by increased levels of glucagon which then stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis c) Beta cells suppress insulin secretion at a plasma glucose level of 3 mmol/L d) Abrupt cessation of glucose delivery to the brain results in confusion, drowsiness, vision changes, and headacheThe pathophysiology of chronic diabetic complications is related to which process? Question 65 options: a) Oxidative stress and ROS have a limited role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus b) Sorbitol and fructose are products of the polyol pathway that accumulate and reduce intracellular osmotic pressure causing cellular injury c) AGEs are formed by the irreversible binding of glucose to proteins, lipids and nucleic acids d) The hexosamine pathway causes pathologic changes in gene expression associated with increased insulin activity and improved cardiovascular healthWhat is the most common cause of mortality in those with diabetes mellitus? Question 76 options: a) Renal failure b) Myocardial infarct and stroke c) Gangrene and sepsis d) Autonomic and somatic neuropathy
- A client with Type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital in a semi-conscious state with fever, nausea, and vomiting. The urine sample was positive for ketone bodies. Which of the following statements regarding the client is correct? Question 80 options: a) Glucagon should be administered to stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver b) An injection of insulin will decrease ketone-body production c) The client should be started on a glucose infusion to help them regain consciousness d) The client's blood glucose level is well below 4.4 mmol/LAn unresponsive client who has diabetes is brought to the emergency department with rapid, deep respirations. Additional findings include: blood glucose 24.9 mmol/L, arterial pH 7.2 and urinalysis showing presence of ketones and glucose. Which of the following statements best describes the underlying cause of this patient’s presentation? Question 64 options: a) Relative insulin deficiency, causing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, renal dysfunction and acidosis b) Nocturnal elevation of growth hormone resulting in hyperglycemia in the morning c) Absolute insulin deficiency, increased counter-regulatory hormone, lipolysis and free fatty acid release d) Hypoglycemia causes release of glucagon, resulting in glycogenolysis and hyperglycemiaWhat is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?
- Can alanine, glycine, and serine be used to treat hypoglycemia induced by starvation? Explain.How the following are related to hyperpolactinemia I) galactorrhea ii) erectile dysfunction III) chronic renal failure iv) methyldopaWhich of the following describes a feature of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes? Question 15 options: a) It is usually an autoimmune disease b) The pancreas makes little or no insulin c) Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common complication d) The liver increases production of glucose
- A publication about the Nurses’ Health Study found a correlation between glycemic load and mortality. What is meant by glycemic load? Question 52 options: a) Glycemic load is a measure of blood glucose response to different carbohydrates compared with glucose b) Glycemic load is the weight of the food plus a correction for the amount of fibre the food contains c) Glycemic load describes how many grams of glucose food releases into the bloodstream d) Glycemic load is based on glycemic index of a food but takes into account the amount of available carbohydrate in a serving of that foodWhich of the following is a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis? Select one: A. Diabetic foot B. Dysuria C. Insulin shock D. Frequent and deep respiration E. HypoglycemiaA person diagnosed with type 1 diabetes will exhibit all of the following symptoms except... a) The inability to produce insulin via the pancreas b) Increased blood pH c) The presence of ketone bodies in the urine d) Decreased blood pH