If you will use apple or strawberries instead of banana do you think the result would be the same in the extraction of DNA from a banana? Why or why not?
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1. If you will use apple or strawberries instead of banana do you think the result would be the same in the extraction of DNA from a banana? Why or why not?
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- 8. You are studying the biochemical pathway of purrine production. (Purrines are a type of nucleotide used in feline DNA, a little different than the purines in the DNA of lower species like humans.) You have several mutants that cannot make purrine, and you do complementation tests to see how many different genes you've identified. Here are your data: mutant 1 4 6 8 1 3 4 5 + 6 + + + 8. + + 9 + a) What is the deal with mutant #1 and why must you ignore it when figuring out complementation groups? b) For the rest of the problem, ignore mutant #1. List your complementation groups. Hint: every single one of your mutants (except #1 of course) must be in a group. c) How many genes did you, therefore, identify?4. What is the name of the process by which bacteria pick up a different organism’s geneticmaterial?5. Genetically, how does the original bacterial DNA (plasmid) differ from the final bacterial DNAmolecule? (Do not say, “It is longer.”)6. Tetracycline is an antibiotic that is prescribed to kill bacterial infections. The transformedbacterial cell that you created has the tetracycline resistant gene in it. If this cell is placed on agrowth medium with tetracycline, will the bacteria grow or die? Explain.5. Which of the following alternative steps cannot be employed in the DNA extraction because it would cause denaturation of some DNA? a. Using vodka instead of isopropyl alcohol. b. Using warm isopropyl alcohol instead of cold isopropyl alcohol. c. Using ammonium chloride for the soapy salt solution instead of sodium chloride. d. Using unscented and uncolored liquid soap for the soapy salt solution 6. Which property of DNA makes it possible to wrap it around the toothpick? a. DNA has a double-stranded helical structure b. DNA is color white. c. DNA is made up of long and thin strands. d. DNA carries genetic information
- 1. Describe the pattern of base pair matching for the two strands in the plant's DNA. In other words, which types of bases are paired together? Does the DNA from the mammal follow the same base-pairing rule as the DNA from the plant? Is base-pairing the same or different in the DNA of the bacterium? 2. Which characteristics are similar in the DNA of plants, mammals, and bacteria? What is the only characteristic that differs between these segments of DNA from a plant, a mammal and a bacterium?1. If you create your own species using recombinant genetics, what organism would you can create?5. The nucleotide sequences of the DNA molecules in the figure below were obtained from four different individuals, one wild type and three mutants. Wild Type 5'-TTATCCATGATCGGATCGATCCATTAGCCGA-3' 3'-AATAGGTACTAGCCTAGCTAGGTAATCGGCT-5’ Mutant I 5'-ATCCATGATCGGATTGATCCATTAGCCGAAT-3’ 3'-TAGGTACTAGCCTAACTAGGTAATCGGCTTA-5’ Mutant II 5'-CCGTTATCCATGATCGGATAGATCCATTAGCC-3’ 3'-GGCAATAGGTACTAGCCTATCTAGGTAATCGG-5’ Mutant III 5'-CACCGTTATCCATGATCGGAACGATCCATTAGC-3’ 3'-CAGGCAATAGGTACTAGCCTTGCTAGGTAATCG-5’ a) Identify the open reading frames in each sequence of DNA and translate them into proteins. Write down the sequence of amino acids that will be obtained after translation: b) Which of the mutations above would be least likely to cause a change in the function of the protein? Why? c) Which of the mutations above would probably cause a major disruption in the function of the protein? Why?
- E14. A sample of DNA was subjected to automated DNA sequencing and the output is shown here. WWww MWWWwW.INY G = Black A = Green T = Red C= Blue What is the sequence of this DNA segment?9. You have two tubes, each containing a different DNA fragment. The fragments are the same size but have different, known sequences. The labels have worn off the tubes, so you don't know which tube is which. How can you use restriction enzymes to determine which tube of DNA contains which fragment?18. If you tried to run a PCR with only three of the four dNTPS (GATP, dCTP, dGTP, but no dTTP) The reaction will work fine The reaction will work, but will be slower The reaction will not work because it needs ATP, not dATP, to provide energy to drive the reaction The reaction will not work because all 4 dNTPs are required to synthesize DNA The reaction will work if there is no Cytosine in the template PCR product after the second thermo
- 4. A linear fragment of DNA is exposed to a digest containing the individual restriction enzymes HindIII and Smal and then with a combination of the two enzymes. According to the gel electrophoresis results, the fragments obtained are Linear DNA HindIII Smal cut with: DNA HindIII + Smal 5.0 fragments 2.5 (kb) 5.5 3.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 a. Draw a map of the restriction sites on this linear piece of DNA. b. The mixture of fragments produced by the combined enzymes was then digested with the enzyme EcoRI. The results are fragments that are 2.5 kb, 2.0 kb and 1.5 kb. Add the restriction site for EcoRI on the map you created above.5. After extracting your DNA from your cheek cells, we will add a solution called Master Mix to your DNA sample. One important component of the Master Mix are the "oligonucleotide primers" (or "primers" for short). What is the importance of these primers to the PCR process? 6. How did Taq DNA polymerase acquire its name? What is the job of this enzyme? Why aren't we using human DNA polymerase? briofly summarize in10) Recombinant DNA technology and selective breeding are 2 techniques that seek to produce desirable traits within an organism, yet they do so in very different ways. How do the methods of each process differ? What technique wold more reliable in producing the desired outcome? Why?