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- Perfect competition is great for consumers, but not for producers. Present a perfect competition equilibriumusing the average cost and marginal cost curve framework used in class, and explain using words why thisequilibrium is good for consumers but not for firms. Then, assume the firm innovates in a way that gives thefirm market power and provides the firm with an economic profit. In a second diagram, show the situationfor this firm after the innovation. Use your results to explain using words why free market capitalism tendsto provide an improving living standard for consumers over time.What term refers to companies shaping their actions based on what their competitors do? O allocative efficiency long run equilibrium mutual interdependence productive efficiencyWhat is Mars inc competitive advantage
- Suppose that a particular industry has a four-firm concentration ratio of 45 and a Herfindahi index of LS40. Most ikety, this industry would ochieve Mutipie Chaice both productive efficiency and allocative etficency wllocative efficency but not productive effcency nether productive efficiency nor allocative efficiency productive efficiency but not allocative efficiencyHow are the 10 decisions altered to build two distinct strategies in the same industry?(1) Would you characterize Industry 4.0 as arevolution or more of an evolution? Why? (2) Whymight various companies have an interest inpromoting Industry 4.0 as a conceptual “brand”?
- In the world market for copper, there are two types of copper mines: Type 1 (primarily locatedin North America) and Type 2 (primarily located in Asia and South America). Each type of mineincurs five “buckets” of costs: (1) direct materials; (2) energy inputs (such as electricity andnatural gas); (3) shipping; (4) production labor; and (5) production and administrative overhead.Direct materials, energy inputs, and shipping services are purchased in competitive spotmarkets, and the total monthly costs that a firm incurs on these items vary in direct linearproportion to the quantity of copper produced in the mine during that month. If a mineproduces no copper in a particular month, it incurs no direct materials, energy, or shippingcosts.By contrast, the total monthly costs for production labor and overhead are volume- insensitive:the levels of these costs do not vary with the volume of production in the mine. Even if themine temporarily suspended operations for a month (i.e., produced…ume the pizza market is a perfectly competitive constant cost industry, and all firms have identical homogenous firms). The market demand and market supply functions for this perfectly competit stry are given below. L 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 q=TP 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 TC 100 205 2.45 280 340 430 545 720 930 1190 P = 30.5-.005Q P = 1.7+.003Q TFC TVC 100 0 100 105 20.50 10.50 100 145 12.25 7.25 100 180 9.33 6.00 100 240 8.50 6.00 100 330 8.60 6.60 100 445 9.08 7.42 100 620 10.29 8.86 100 830 11.63 10.38 100 1090 13.22 12.11 ATC AVC MC 10.50 4.60 3.50 6.00 9.00 11.5 17.50 21.00 26.00onsider the table below and assume the market price is $35 per unit. Totalproduct Totalfixed cost TotalVariablecost 0 150 0 1 150 50 2 150 75 3 150 112.4 4 150 150 5 150 200 6 150 270 7 150 360 8 150 475 9 150 620 10 150 800 Now assume there are 600 identical firms in this industry, that is, there are 600 firms, each of which has the same cost data as the single firm discussed above. Suppose, too, that the demand curve for this industry is as follows: Price Quantitydemanded $20 6,800 30 5,975 45 5,500 60 5,125 75 4,500 95 4,200 120 3,600 150 2,400 In equilibrium each firm will realize: Multiple Choice an economic profit of $155. a loss of $45. an economic profit of $35. a loss of $135.
- Assume that the most efficient production technology available for making vitamin pills has the cost structure given in the following table. Note that output is measured as the number of bottles of vitamins produced per day and that costs include a normal profit. Output TC MC ATC 25,400 $104,000 $0.54 50,400 154,000 1.04 75,400 191,500 2.54 100,400 279,500 3.04 Instructions: Enter your answers rounded to two decimal places. a. What is ATC per unit for each level of output listed in the table? Enter your answers in the table above. b. Are there economies of scale in production? Yes c. Suppose that the market price for a bottle of vitamins is $2.54. At that price the total market quantity demanded is 105,560,000 bottles. How many firms will be in this industry? firm(s) d. Suppose that, instead, the market quantity demanded at a price of $2.54 is only 75,400. How many firms will be in this industry? firm(s)Assume that the most efficient production technology available for making vitamin pills has the cost structure given in the following table. Note that output is measured as the number of bottles of vitamins produced per day and that costs include a normal profit. Output TC MC ATC 50,800 $170,000 $0.60 100,800 220,000 1.10 150,800 257,500 1.71 200,800 365,500 2.45 Instructions: Enter your answers rounded to two decimal places. a. What is ATC per unit for each level of output listed in the table? Enter your answers in the table above. b. Are there economies of scale in production? Yes c. Suppose that the market price for a bottle of vitamins is $1.71. At that price the total market quantity demanded is 301,600,000 bottles. How many firms will be in this industry? firm(s) d. Suppose that, instead, the market quantity demanded at a price of $1.71 is only 150,800. How many firms will be in this industry? firm(s) e. Review your answers to parts b, c, and d. Does the level of demand determine…What is the difforence between acounting proft and economic prof? OA Economic profit subtracts both expict and implicit oosts trom total revenue, while accourting proft only sutiracts explicit oosts. OR Accourting profe only nuttracta imglicit coeta from total revenue, whie ecoromic proft only suberacte explicit coste OG Economic proft oriy subtracts implict costs from total revenue, while accounting profit only subtracts enplicit costs OD. Accourting proft suberacts boh explict and impict costs from total ravanue, while economic proft only sutracts explicit oosts.