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Figure 2: The conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde How can the percentage of carbon by mass in ethanol be calculated? Choose 1 answer: A B D 2. 2 2 12.01 1 1 46.07 1 12.01 1 1 12.01 46.07 12.01 46.07 1 1 1 46.07 - 100% 100% 100% 100%

Figure 2: The conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde How can the percentage of carbon by mass in ethanol be calculated? Choose 1 answer: A B D 2. 2 2 12.01 1 1 46.07 1 12.01 1 1 12.01 46.07 12.01 46.07 1 1 1 46.07 - 100% 100% 100% 100%

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Chapter4: Chemical Reactions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4.99P
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinct odor and is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. In addition to its other physical properties (Table 1), alcohol is flammable and volatile, lending it to be used as a solvent, an antiseptic, a fuel, in thermometers, and in other laboratory procedures. As a psychoactive substance, it is one of the most widely consumed recreational drugs by humans. It suppresses certain functions of the brain while causing the classic symptoms of intoxication including slurred speech, unsteady walk, and disturbed sensory perceptions. Melting point Boiling point Density Molar mass -114.1°C 78.5°C 0.79 g/mL 46.07 g mol-1 Table 1: Physical properties of ethanol at 20°C Ethanol is produced by the fermentation of sugar. This process is catalyzed by zymase, an enzyme in yeast which changes simple sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This fermentation reaction is represented by the equation in Figure 1. C6H12O6- ------> 2 CH3CH₂OH+2 CO2 Figure 1. The alcohol fermentation reaction Starches from potatoes, corn, wheat, and other plants can also be used to produce ethanol through fermentation. However, the starches must first be broken down. This is accomplished by enzymes, such as diastase, which converts starches into simple sugars. This step is typically associated with the brewing beer from starchy plants such as corn and wheat. After an alcoholic beverage is consumed, it passes through the stomach into the small intestine where the ethanol is absorbed and later distributed throughout the body. Ethanol is toxic, and the body begins to dispose of it upon its consumption. In the liver, the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme converts ethanol into acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is later destroyed almost immediately by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme. CH₂CH₂OH || CH3-C-H+ 2 H
Transcribed Image Text:Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinct odor and is the alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. In addition to its other physical properties (Table 1), alcohol is flammable and volatile, lending it to be used as a solvent, an antiseptic, a fuel, in thermometers, and in other laboratory procedures. As a psychoactive substance, it is one of the most widely consumed recreational drugs by humans. It suppresses certain functions of the brain while causing the classic symptoms of intoxication including slurred speech, unsteady walk, and disturbed sensory perceptions. Melting point Boiling point Density Molar mass -114.1°C 78.5°C 0.79 g/mL 46.07 g mol-1 Table 1: Physical properties of ethanol at 20°C Ethanol is produced by the fermentation of sugar. This process is catalyzed by zymase, an enzyme in yeast which changes simple sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This fermentation reaction is represented by the equation in Figure 1. C6H12O6- ------> 2 CH3CH₂OH+2 CO2 Figure 1. The alcohol fermentation reaction Starches from potatoes, corn, wheat, and other plants can also be used to produce ethanol through fermentation. However, the starches must first be broken down. This is accomplished by enzymes, such as diastase, which converts starches into simple sugars. This step is typically associated with the brewing beer from starchy plants such as corn and wheat. After an alcoholic beverage is consumed, it passes through the stomach into the small intestine where the ethanol is absorbed and later distributed throughout the body. Ethanol is toxic, and the body begins to dispose of it upon its consumption. In the liver, the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme converts ethanol into acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is later destroyed almost immediately by the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme. CH₂CH₂OH || CH3-C-H+ 2 H
Figure 2: The conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde How can the percentage of carbon by mass in ethanol be calculated? Choose 1 answer: A 2. B с D 2. 2. 2. 12.01 1 1 46.07 1 12.01 1 12.01 1 46.07 46.07 1 1 1 12.01 46.07 100% 100% 100% 100%
Transcribed Image Text:Figure 2: The conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde How can the percentage of carbon by mass in ethanol be calculated? Choose 1 answer: A 2. B с D 2. 2. 2. 12.01 1 1 46.07 1 12.01 1 12.01 1 46.07 46.07 1 1 1 12.01 46.07 100% 100% 100% 100%
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