Assume that the complete combustion of one mole of glucose to carbon dioxide and water liberates 2870 kJ/mol (AG°' = −2870 kJ/mol). If one contraction cycle in muscle requires 63 kJ, and the energy from the combustion of glucose is converted with an efficiency of 35% to contraction, how many contraction cycles could theoretically be fueled by the complete combustion of one mole of glucose? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. cycles per mole glucose =
Q: Use Excel to make the data plot and include the graph in your submission. For all questions…
A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub parts, we will provide the solution only to the…
Q: Assume a protein is composed of 120 amino acid residues and that each amino acid can have three…
A: Proteins are primarily polypeptide chains. A polypeptide chain is formed by amino acids. Amino acids…
Q: The Michaelis-Menten equation is often used to describe the kinetic characteristics of an…
A: Vmax is defined as the maximum reaction velocity at which all enzymes become saturated with…
Q: 14-16. List the group (nonpolar, polar, acidic, or basic) for each of the following armino acids:…
A: Amino acids are broadly grouped into polar and nonpolar. Nonpolar amino acids can be further divided…
Q: Finish the sentence alpha helical secondary structures in proteins Are connected by peta- turns Are…
A: Secondary structure is the ordered arrangement or conformation of amino acids in localized regions…
Q: Draw the condensed structural formula of a gycerophospholipid trat contains two stearic acids and a…
A: Definition of condensed structure - The system for writing organic compounds in a single line is…
Q: 3. Relation between Reaction Velocity and Substrate Concentration: Michaelis-Menten Equation (a) At…
A: The initial rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is defined by the Michaelis-Menten equation as a…
Q: I need to know the answer to this question. I can't seem to get the right answer to this optional…
A: Hydrolysis is the breaking of a bond using a water molecule. Dehydration synthesis is the formation…
Q: Briefly list out the chemicals contributing the anti-oxidative activities found in green tea.
A: Green tea is the most widely consumed beverage, following water.The chemicals present in green tea…
Q: The protein catalase is an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide: 2 H2O2 (aq)…
A: For a one-substrate enzyme reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…
Q: Match the descriptions to the type of G protein. Heterotrimeric G proteins monomeric in both active…
A: G proteins (Guanosine nucleotide-binding proteins) can be broadly classified into two types. They…
Q: What is the minimal resolution required for gleaning insights into structures of drug-drug target…
A: The minimal resolution required for gleaning insights into the structures of drug-drug target…
Q: is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body. It allows the body to convert energy from oods…
A: Metabolism is a fundamental and intricate biochemical process that underpins the functioning of…
Q: Describe ketone bodies and their role in metabolism.
A: Ketone bodies are a group of three water-soluble compounds: acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and…
Q: Give the Steps, Enzyme/s involved, Electron carriers, ATP Generation, End product and significance…
A: Aerobic respiration is a collection of three metabolic pathways that generate ATP by the oxidation…
Q: Draw the peptide ASK(ala-ser-lysine) with proper stereochemistry? what is its pI(isoelectric…
A: Given peptide is ASK( alanine- serine- lysine).The peptide is planar due to the partial double bond…
Q: Would you expect any of the side chains in the peptide above to undergo hydrolysis? Select all that…
A: Hydrolysis is the cleavage of covalent bond by adding elements of water to it. A peptide is a short…
Q: An enzyme mechanism generates a positive charge in the transition state. Stabilization of the…
A: The intermediate state which is formed during a reaction is called transition state.This transition…
Q: One way of expressing the rate at which an enzyme can catalyze a reaction is to state its turnover…
A: Turnover number of an enzyme is defined as the number of substrate molecules converted into its…
Q: Which process is most responsible for the sickling of cells seen in sickle cell disease? A)…
A: Sickle cell disease, also known as sickle cell anemia, is a genetic blood disorder characterized by…
Q: Write out the mechanism for transimination, the reaction of an amino acid with enzyme-bound PLP to…
A: The transimination reaction, also known as the Schiff base formation,involving the transfer of a…
Q: An alpha-helix transmembrane protein has 35 amino acid residues embedded in a lipid bilayer…
A: The repeating unit of an alpha-helix is the helix turn. Each helical turn in alpha-helix has an…
Q: Which amino acid residue is most likely to be found in position "a" or "d" of the pseudo repeat in?…
A: Proteins are the important biomolecules synthesized in biological cells as final products of gene…
Q: You analyze a protein of 100 kDa using SDS-PAGE in the absence and presence of �-mercaptoethanol…
A: Multisubunit proteins are composed of more than 1 polypeptide chain.SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)…
Q: 1. Lets start by determining the products we would get from treating a polypeptide with some of the…
A: A peptide is a short chain of amino acid residues linked together via peptide bonds. The peptide…
Q: Describe in one page why hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can be considered the most important…
A: A living cell is the basic unit of life. It is capable of independent existence (as is the case of…
Q: Which of the following would be a valid symbol identifier of the fatty acid shown below? HO |…
A: There are four classes of biological macromolecules; proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and…
Q: 1a. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting…
A: ETC consists of four protein complexes called Complex I, II, III and IV that transport electrons…
Q: The transport would also be characterized as Aspartic acid uniform diffusion active facilitated…
A: The cell/ plasma membrane is the external protective barrier of the cell allowing movement of only…
Q: A mutation where Protein kinase A and Ca2+/calmodulin kinase 2 is inhibited a. Increased Cytosolic…
A: Mutation of a protein can lead to either of the following 3 effects;decrease in the activity of the…
Q: A membrane simulator is shown below. Watch the video clip in order to answer the question. Diffusion…
A: Diffusion is very important process of nature where substances present in excess amount will move…
Q: Case Study: Enzyme Kinetics Data for new statin drug (inhibits HMG CoA reductase): 1 Substrate (UM)…
A: For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…
Q: Vitamin K questions a) What transformation of glutamate side chains is Vitamin K (as its reduced…
A: Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Vitamin K in it's reduced form (Vitamin KH2) is active,…
Q: The steps involved in the T→ R transition in when oxygen binds to hemoglobin are outlined below.…
A: The correct order of the steps involved in the T → R transition in hemoglobin when oxygen binds is…
Q: The protein catalase catalyzes the reaction described by 2H₂O₂(aq) → 2H₂O)+O₂(g) and has a…
A: Km (Michaelis–Menten constant) = The substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is half…
Q: With the disruption of PDHC activity, TCA cycle is also effected. which of the following…
A: A grave medical illness called sepsis is marked by an excessive immunological reaction to an…
Q: Dextrose 5% in water solution is an example of hypertonic solution. True False?
A: Hypertonic solution is defined as the solution that contains high concentration of solutes than the…
Q: Glycogen can form alpha 1-->4 and beta 1--> 6 linkages alpha 1--> 4 and alpha 1--> 6 linkages alpha…
A: Classification of carbohydrates: Monosaccharide: it composed of single sugar molecule. Example:…
Q: Which of the following are features of facilitated diffusion? There may be more than one correct…
A: Biological membranes are structures that surround the cell or organelle and act as barriers. An…
Q: 3. Now for the citric acid cycle, it is time to follow the carbons! Using labeled pyruvate:…
A: Citric acid cycle is a metabolic pathway that regenerates oxaloacetate from citrate. Acetyl CoA from…
Q: 1a. If you wanted you could take a glucose molecule and convert it to pyruvate via glycolysis and…
A: Hello! Due to time constraints, we are able to provide the answer for the first sub part only. If…
Q: 2. Draw the chemical mechanism for the addition of an RNA nucleotide triphosphate to a growing RNA…
A: RNA or ribose nucleic acid is one of the nucleic acids that act as the genetic material of some…
Q: Write the ten reactions of the glycolytic pathway, naming all enzymes and providing the structural…
A: Glycolysis is defined as the catabolic pathway which involves the breakdown of 1 molecule of 6…
Q: What do most amino acids have in common with most monosaccharides? O Both contain ionizable groups…
A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 major proteogenic amino acids that…
Q: Equation 7a of the text, (max/KM1) [S]-(v'max/KM2) [P] 1+ [S]/KM1 + [P]/KM2 gives the expression for…
A: The following are given in the equation:V represents the rate of the reaction.S represents the…
Q: What peptides are expected to be produced when an unknown hormone (…
A: The amino acid sequence of the hormone of concern in one-letter abbreviation is given…
Q: Specific rotation of L-alanine [(+)alanine) in water (at 25 °C) is +2.8. Suppose you have 2.00 g of…
A:
Q: Which of the following statements are true regarding the Bohr effect? It involves a decrease in…
A: The Bohr effect is a physiological phenomenon first described by the Danish physiologist Christian…
Q: Label blood types O and B with the correct monosaccharides. The defining monosaccharide is noted by…
A: AB blood typing gives rise to 4 main types of blood groups, which are A, B, AB and O. There are 3…
Q: During glycolysis, glucose is converted into fructose-6- phosphate in two successive reactions:…
A:
4
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 2 images
- Assume that the complete combustion of one mole of glucose to carbon dioxide and water liberates 2870 kJ/mol (AGo' = -2870 kJ/mol). If one contraction cycle in muscle requires 67 kJ, and the energy from the combustion of glucose is converted with an efficiency of 35% to contraction, how many contraction cycles could theoretically be fueled by the complete combustion of one mole of glucose? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. суycles per mole glucoseIn active muscle cells, the pO2 is about 10 torr at the cell surface and 1 torr at the mitochondria(the organelles where oxidative metabolism occurs). Calculate the percentage of bound oxygentransported to the mitochondria of muscle cells by myoglobin (KD = 2 torr).Twenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate the hypothetical amount of ATP your patient can generate under aerobic respiration with this amount of glucose. (Note: Glucose MW-180.16 g/mole; 1 mole= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Avogadro's number)). 2.8 x 10^24 ATPs 02.9 x 10^21 ATPs 028 x 10-21 ATP5 029 x 10 24 ATPS Lacks information, cannot be determined
- Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1 mM; ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and P, 10 mM. Is the phosphofructokinase reac- tion in muscle more or less exergonic than under standard conditions? By how much?a) (1) Calculate the physiological AG (not AG.) for the reaction: Phosphocreatine + ADP - creatine + ATP Given; Phosphocreatine + H;0 - creatine + Pi ADP + Pi → ATP + H;0 AG.' -43 kJ/mol AG.- +30.5 kJ/mol at 25°C as it occurs in the cytosol of neurons, in which phosphocreatine is present at 4.7 mM, creatine at 1.0 mM, ADP at 0.20 mM, and ATP at 2.6 mM. (R = 8.315 JK-' mol-) (ii) Caleulate the free energy change at standard conditions for the following reaction: Acetaldehyde + NADH + H* + Ethanol + NAD* The half- reactions are: Acetaldehyde + 2H + 2e + Ethanol E°- - 0.20V NAD-+ 2H- + 2e ++ NADH + H- E=-0.32V (F= 96.485 kJ/V/mol)A researcher purifies a mutant version of the glucokinase enzyme. She combines the purified glucokinase with glucose and ATP to produce glucose 6-phosphate. She records the initial velocity (V) of glucose 6-phosphate production at various substrate concentrations ([S]). She determines a Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 6.2 mM for the mutant enzyme. [S] (mM) µmol min 5 1.03 10 1.42 50 2.05 100 2.17 Calculate the maximum velocity (Vmax) of the mutant glucokinase to one decimal place using the Michaelis-Menten equation. umol Vmax min
- Consider the following phosphoryl group transfer reaction which is the first step in glucose catabolism by glycolysis: Glucose + ATP + Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP The AG for the reaction is -16.7 kJ/mol. (R= 8.314 J/(K. mol) (a) Calculate Keq for the reaction at 25°C (b) What is the ratio of [Glucose 6-phosphate] to [Glucose] if the ratio of [ADP] to [ATP] is 10?What is the free energy change for generating the electrical imbalance of protons in respiring mitochondria in culture, where Δψ is 150 mV? (Express your answer in kJ/mol using 3 significant figures.)Calculate the actual, physiological ΔG for the reaction at 37 °C, as it occurs in the cytosol of neurons, with phosphocreatine at 4.7 mM, creatine at 1.0 mM, ADP at 0.73 mM, and ATP at 2.6 mM.
- Calculate all the glucose data into cmol. What is the number of cmol glucose at timepont 10.42 (19.65 g/L)?Walking consumes approximately 100 kcal/mi. In the hydrolysis of ATP (ATP → ADP + Pi), the reaction that drives muscle contraction, ΔG°′ is −7.3 kcal/mol (−30.5 kJ/mol). Calculate how many grams of ATP must be produced to walk a mile. ATP synthesis is coupled to the oxidation of glucose (ΔG°′ = −686 kcal/mol). How many grams of glucose are actually metabolized to produce this amount of ATP? (Assume that only glucose oxidation is used to generate ATP and that 40% of the energy generated from this process is used to phosphorylate ADP. The gram molecular weight of glucose is 180 g and that of ATP is 507 g.)The complete combustion of palmitate and glucose yields 9781 kJ ∙ mol−1 and 2850 kJ ∙ mol−1 of free energy, respectively. Compare these values to the free energy (as ATP) obtained though catabolism of palmitate and glucose under standard conditions. Which process is more efficient?