A 39-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Treatment with multiple medications, including prednisone and methotrexate, hasnot been effective at slowing the progress of her condition. The most appropriate next step in pharmacotherapy is a drug that blocks the effects of which of the following cytokines?Entaracept: Fusion protein- decoy receptorA) Interferon gammaB) Interleukin-2 (IL-2)C) IL-4D) IL-10E) Tumor necrosis factor-afound

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints, causing inflammation…

Answered: A 39-year-old woman with rheumatoid…

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SRQ

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A 18 month-old child is found to have measles antibodies in his blood. Suggest 3 different ways how the child could have acquired such antibodies 2. Describe what usually happens in a phagocytic vesicle after a phagocyte has engulfed a bacterium (diagrams maybe used but not required):
While the functions of the three types of interferons mentjoned in the text book are numerous, they all share an antiviral function. Part D- Functions and Characteristics of Cytokines Match the following functions and characteristics with the corresponding type of cytokine. Drag and drop the phrases into the bins they describe. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Promote secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) Stimulate blood cell production Used to treat Kaposi's sarcoma Impart viral resistance to cells that secrete this cytokine Attract free macrophages and microphages Promote activity of fibroblasts Slow growth of tumors and kills sensitive tumor cells Colony-stimulating factors Phagocyte-activating chemicals Interleukins Interferons Tumor necrosis factors Stimulate inflammatory process Stimulate the activity of NK cells Slow progress of inflammation Submit rovide Feedback
1) According to the video, what is another name for the innate immune sys and what does this system do? 2) According to the video, what causes inflammation and what cells cause it? 3) According to the video, what happens to neutrophils after they consume a pathogen? 4) According to the video, natural killer cells; what do they do? 5) The adaptive/acquired immune system can tell the difference between types of pathogens: true or false? 6) According to the video, helper t- function: 7) According to the video, cytotoxic t cells function: 8) According to the video, memory cells function:
Match the term with its description. interferon response apoptosis extravasation respiratory burst acute-phase response Drag answer here. Drag answer here Drag answer here Drag answer here Drag answer here temporary rise in oxygen consumption and toxic oxygen species production a notable rise or reduction of plasma proteins in response to IL-6 cellular suicide characterized by DNA fragmentation stimulates inhibition of viral replication migration of neutrophils into inflamed tissues
True/False: Neutrophils regulate the production of active cathelicidins (a class of antimicrobial peptides) by segregating the inactive propeptide from the processing enzyme that cleaves and activates it in two different types of cytoplasmic granules. These two types of granules are induced to fuse with phagosomes after ingestion of microbes, bringing the processing enzyme and the propeptide together.
Which of the following are opsonins? Group of answer choices interleukins histamine oleic acid complements C3b and C4b
Strep throat is commonly caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. A common symptom of strep throat is the presence of swollen lymph nodes in the neck. This symptom usually peaks about 2–4 days after the onset of the infection, and is due to: Damage to the pharyngeal epithelium by the bacteria Release of bacterial PAMPs leading to inflammatory cytokine production Trapping and activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes in the lymph nodes of the neck Recruitment of neutrophils to the lymph nodes of the neck Recruitment of circulating macrophages to the lymph nodes of the neck
The process where antibody will cause microbes to be connected together so they can no longer cause infection is called: excision inactivation coarctation agglutination
The nurse is conducting a class on drugs for malignant tumors for a group of new oncology staff members. Which best describes the action of interferons in the management of malignant tumors? a )Interferons increase the production of specific anticancer enzymes.b) Interferons have antiviral and antitumor properties and strengthen the immune system.c) Interferons stimulate the production and activation of T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T cells.d )Interferons help improve the cell-killing action of T cells because they are retrieved from healthy donors
A 4-year-old child has numerous small, white scales covering the extensor surfaces of the extremities, trunk, and face (shown in the image). The child's mother and grandmother have the same condition. Microscopic examination of the skin lesion shows hyperkeratosis and a thin stratum granulosum. Which of the following is the most likely pathogenesis of this disorder? Answers A - E A Antigen-induced release of mediators B Defective desquamation of keratinocytes C Dissolution of intercellular attachments D Excessive keratinocyte proliferation E UV light induced DNA damage O O O O CLOSE TOOLKIT
A 4-year-old child has numerous small, white scales covering the extensor surfaces of the extremities, trunk, and face (shown in the image). The child's mother and grandmother have the same condition. Microscopic examination of the skin lesion shows hyperkeratosis and a thin stratum granulosum. Which of the following is the most likely pathogenesis of this disorder? Answers A-E A Antigen- induced release of mediators B Defective desquamation of keratinocytes C Dissolution of intercellular attachments D Excessive keratinocyte proliferation E UV light induced DNA damage O O O Question #43 attachment CLOSE TOOLKIT
Describe in chronological order the steps involved in the recruitment of neutrophils to infected tissue sites during an innate immune response. Use the following terms in your description: rolling adhesion, tight binding, extravasation, migration, inflammatory mediators, integrins, adhesion molecules, chemokines, selectins, sialyl-Lewisx, and basement membrane proteases.

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