8. Draw the product(s) for the following biosynthetic reactions catalyzed by enzyme listed below the arrow. If no reaction, write 'NR.' NAD+ OH Oxidase 02 OH Dioxygenase OH OH O2, NADPH Mono-oxygenase O2, NADPH Desaturase NADPH OH Reductase
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- Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved residues in slightly different positions can change the catalytic rate of reaction.1. Identify the oxidized coenzyme (letter abbreviation only) that participates in this reaction of the Kreb’s cycle. Succinate --> Fumarate 2. How many mol of NADH can be obtained upon the beta oxidation of stearic acid? 3. How many mol of ATP can be obtained upon the complete oxidation of 1 mol stearic acid? 4. How many steps in glycolysis in which ATO is converted to ADP?asap
- 6. Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the following reversible reaction: COO- HO-C-H CH₂ COO™ L-Malate NAD+ y malate NADH + H+ dehydrogenase COO- 0=C CH₂ COO™ Oxaloacetate AG'° = 29.7 kJ/mol Malate + NAD+→NADH + H+ + oxaloacetate Calculate AG" and the ratio or products and reactants for the malate dehydrogenase reaction to proceed from left to right as shown. (The Faraday constant. 3, is 96.48 kJ/V-mol; RT(37°C)= 2.58kJ/mol) Steps: 1. Explain how you determined which molecule is an electron donor Malate and which is an acceptor NAD*. -2- 2. Calculate AED (write equation, then show calculations, for standard reduction potentials (E_values) see table in the posted lecture) 3. Calculate AG (write equation, then show calculations) 4. Calculate the ratio of products and reactants needed to for Malate + NAD+→→NADH + H+ + oxaloacetate reaction to proceed forward (write equation, then show calculations)The enzyme that catalyzes reaction below can be classified as: CoO COO NAD+ NADH + H* Но- | malate -C- H-Ć- dehydrogenase Охaloacetate Malate isomerase lyase hydrolase oxidoreductase ligase transferaseThe metabolic reactions and enzymes that require NAD/NADH are shown in Figure 1. However, it is not specified whether oxidized or reduced NAD is used in each reaction, nor what form of NAD is produced as a product. Add this specificity to the attached figure. You are also welcome to draw your own figure.
- 3. Answer the following questions about the metabolic pathway shown below: glutamate dehydrogenase e NH3 0-C-C-cH2-CH2-C- 0-C-CH-CH2-CH2-C-O + H,O + NAD + NH + NADH + H (a) Label the correct substances as the substrate, enzyme, and co-enzyme. (b) Which of the six classes does the enzyme of this reaction belong to? Why? (c) What is the name of the first molecule in this reaction? (d) Which metabolic pathway is this reaction likely to be a part of? A. glycolysis B. deamination C. beta-oxidation D. fermentation7. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction shown below. Kinetic data for the enzyme isolated from the thermophilic bacterium T. maritima are presented in the following table. CH₂OPO H но CH₂OPO OH H H OH Н OH Glucose-6-phosphate Substrate NADP+ NAD+ NADP+ Glucose-6-phosphate NADPH + H+ glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase H 12.0 НО H OH H Η OH 6-Phosphoglucono-8-lactone KM (mM) Vmax (Umg-¹) 0.15 20 0.03 20 6 a. NADPH inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. What kind of inhibitor is NADPH? b. How are the values of KM and Vmax likely to differ from those listed in the table if NADPH is present? c. Does glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase prefer NAD+ or NADP+ as a cofactor?Which of the following statements regarding the catalytic mechanism of superoxide dismutase is true? The D residue does not participate in acid-base catalysis during the course of the catalyzed reaction All of the answers are true The coordinated Zn2+ participates in stabilizing Cu²+ in the reduction-oxidation reactions to consume O₂ The Cu²+ coenzyme is coordinated by H residues, positioning it precisely for consumption of 0₂ The overall reaction consumes two equivalents of O₂ and two proton equivalents in order to produces one equivalent H₂O2
- Given the following question, for each of the three reactions catalyzed by NADH dehydrogenase complex, identify the following1. electron donor2. electron acceptor3. the reducing agent4. the oxidizing agentWhich of the following statements inaccurately describes glutamate dehydrogenase? Glutamate dehydrogenase uses either NAD+ or NADP+ in a redox reaction Glutamate dehydrogenase catalyzes an oxidative deamination reaction Glutamate dehydrogenase equilibrium lies with the reductive amination of glutamate Glutamate dehydrogenase utilizes hydrolysis to release ammonium from an imine intermediateIndicate whether each of the following changes represents oxidation or reduction. Write: O = for oxidation ; R= for reduction Example: cyt ci (Fet) → cyt c1 (Fe2+) Answer: R Blank #1: COQH2 → CoQ Blank #2: NAD+ - NADH Blank #3: FMN → FMNH2 Blank # 4: FADH2 FAD Blank #5: Fe(III) SP → Fe(II) SP Blank # 1 Blank # 2