1. what is produced in pyruvate oxidation. which electron carrier NAD+ takes the electron transport chain?
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1. what is produced in pyruvate oxidation. which electron carrier NAD+ takes the electron transport chain?
2. During the process of a carboxyl group being removed from pyruvate what is then released?
3. What are the product of the process of pyruvate oxidation. and how many pyruvates enter glycolysis for each glucose molecule how many are produced?
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- 1. How many ATP is produced in one molecule of glucose that undergo glycolysis plus oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA? 2. Galactose and fructose can also used as substrate for glycolysis. Their conversion into a substrate that can enter into the glycolytic pathway involves the use of how many ATPs? 3. How many ATPs are produced when the product of glycolysis undergoes anaerobic respiration?1a. If you wanted you could take a glucose molecule and convert it to pyruvate via glycolysis and convert it back to glucose via gluconeogenesis. What is the cost of doing so in ATP equivalents? Show how you determine the cost via reactions (no structures). Explain in bioenergetic terms how the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in gluconeogenesis overcomes the large, negative standard free- energy change of the pyruvate kinase reaction in glycolysis. b. C. The consumption of alcohol (ethanol), especially after periods of strenuous activity or after not eating for several hours, results in a deficiency of glucose in the blood, a condition known as hypoglycemia. The first step in the metabolism of ethanol by the liver is oxidation to acetaldehyde, catalyzed by liver alcohol dehydrogenase: CH3CH2OH + NAD+ -> CH3CHO + NADH + H+ Explain how this reaction inhibits the transformation of lactate to pyruvate. Why does this lead to hypoglycemia?1a. How much ATP is directly produced during glycolysis from one glucose? 1b. How much ATP is directly produced during the citric acid cycle from one glucose?1c. How many NADH are made during glycolysis from one glucose? 1d. How many NADH are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose? 1e. How many FADH2 are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose?
- 2. During glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. Pyruvate then is converted to Acetyl coA and enters the citric acid cycle. Per one (1) glucose molecule that undergoes glycolysis and TCA cycle, complete the table below Equivalence in ATP Products from glycolysis 1. ATP 2. _NADH Pyruvate ATP: produced ATP АТР ATPS 3. ATPS produced АТР АТР Products from TCA Equivalence in ATP NADH 5. _FADH2 6. GTP 4. ATPS ATPS ATPS АТР TOTAL ATP Produced 7. ATP1. Give the word equations in the glycolysis pathway that utilizes ATP in the reactions. 2. Give the word equation in the glycolysis pathway that yields ATP in the reactions. 3. Using 1 mole of glucose, give the net equation for the citric acid cycle.4. Compute the total ATP produced in the catabolism of GLUCOSE3. The overall result of CH OH + 2 NAD+ O + 2 NADH glycolysis can be summarized by the equation on the right in HO- which the glucose origins of the carbon atoms in pyruvate are color coded. Decide which gly- colytic reactions are responsible for the indicated distribution and HO- + 2 Pi 2 + 2 ATP Но OH + 2 ADP CH3 + 2 H2O Glucose Pyruvate conversion of glucose atoms into pyruvate atoms Start by numbering of carbons in Glucose-6-Pi and Fructose-1,6-BisPi.
- 1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH; is formed along with the number. > Acetyl ÇoA > Glucose. > Pyruvate. > Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate > Glucose – 6- phosphate. > Phosphoenol – pyruvate. > 1,3– Bisphosphoglycerate. > Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6– phosphate > Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. Dihydroacetone – phosphate.2a. How many NADH are made during glycolysis from one glucose? 2b. How many NADH are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose? 2c. How many FADH2 are made during the citric acid cycle from one glucose?1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH2 is formed along with the number. > Acetyl Co.A > Glucose. > Pyruvate. Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate > Glucose – 6 – phosphate. > Phosphoenol – pyruvate. > 1, 3 – Bisphosphoglycerate. > Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6 – phosphate > Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. > Dihydroacetone – phosphate. > Glycerol – 3 – phosphate / 3- phosphoglycerate.
- Taking into consideration glycolysis, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the citric acid cycle, how many NAD+ molecules are reduced from a single molecule of dihydroxyacetone phosphate? 4 NAD+ are reduced 5 NAD+ are reduced 8 NAD+ are reduced 10 NAD+ are reduced None of the above answers are correct1. Put together the sequence of components (numbers) that form the glycolysis pathway and the linked reaction. Choose the sequence from the following metabolites. Also mention the step in which NADH/FADH2 is formed along with the number. Acetyl Co.A Glucose. Pyruvate. Fructose – 1, 6-bisphosphate Glucose – 6 – phosphate. Phosphoenol – pyruvate. 1, 3 – Bisphosphoglycerate. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Fructose – 6 – phosphate Glycerol 2-phosphate /2-phosphoglycerate. Dihydroacetone – phosphate.During glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. Pyruvate then is converted to Acetyl coA and enters the citric acid cycle. Per one (1) glucose molecule that undergoes glycolysis and TCA cycle, complete the table below ATPS produced Products from glycolysis 1. ATP 2. NADH 3. _Pyruvate Equivalence in ATP ATP ATPS АТР Equivalence in ATP ATPS Products from TCA ATPS produced АТР 4. NADH 5. FADH2 6. GTP ATPS ATP ATPS ATP TOTAL ATP Produced 7. ATP