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- 2. a. If you were interested in the role of a particulargene in the embryonic development of the humanheart, why would you probably study this role in amodel organism, and which model organism(s)would you choose?b. If you were interested in finding genes that might berequired for human heart development, which modelorganism(s) would you choose? Describe two different experimental approaches you could use5)Would you expect mutations to always produce recessive traits? Why or why not?Give a schematic diagram of how we can Treatment Down Syndrome by using gene therapy? Please answer at your own words,please..
- 1. What is gene therapy? 2.Differentiate the 2 forms of gene therapy ( somatic and germline therapy )1. The easily observed external structures in insects, such as different pairs of legs, antennae, and wings form from imaginal discs. a) How is the identity of the different Drosophila imaginal discs established in the embryo—for example, how is it determined whether a disc will form a wing, a leg, or some other structure? b) Dominant mutants in the gene Antennapedia result in fore legs forming in the location where antennae are expected. How does this mutant phenotype illustrate your response to Part a?2. Genetics enables us to understand how proteins interact with one another within the context of a living organism. Different types of mutations can give phenotypes that indicate these protein interactions. a) Why does a dominant negative phenotype indicate a protein may be acting as a homomultimer? b) Does a hypermorphic mutation also indicate this? Why or why not? c) If you have two mutant proteins that show a pseudo-reversion phonotype (second site suppressor) there is a strong possibility that the two proteins interact. Explain in your own words why a mutation in one protein can rescue (at least partially) the phenotype caused by a mutation in a completely different protein. d) Why are second site suppressor mutations allele specific?
- Give a schematic diagram of how we can Treatment Down's syndrome by using gene therapy? Please answer at your own words,please..5. What is this passage mostly about? a) Breeding for “tamability” in dogs b) The history of selective breeding from the Romans to today c) The advantages and disadvantages of selective breeding d) The problems associated with selective breeding in industrial farms9. (a) A child has a rare recessive disease due to a mutation in Gene X; both his parents are healthy. What would you expect to see at Gene X if you sequenced everyone in the family? (b) If a child had a rare dominant disease due to a mutation in Gene Y; both his parents are healthy. What would you expect to see at Gene Y if you sequenced everyone in the family?
- 13. An investigator is studying epigenetic markers in patients with retinoblastoma. It is most appropriate for this investigator to focus on which of the following enzymes? A) DNA methyltransferase B) DNA polymerase C) Helicase D) RNA polymerase E) Topoisomerase1. A monogenic disease is a disease caused by a mutation in a single gene. For instance, sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, which codes for the B- globin chain of hemoglobin. The beginning of HBB is shown here: 5'-ATGGTGCACCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACT...-3' A. Translate this HBB sequence into an amino acid sequence. B. In terms of amino acids, what is the result of the sickle cell mutation, wherein the bolded red A is changed to a T? This single mutation causes hemoglobin to aggregate, causing red blood cells to deform into a sickle-like shape rather than the normal “biconcave disk" shape. C. What would happen if the bolded blue A were mutated to at T? (This is hypothetical; it's not a mutation found in sickle-cell disease.)1. Is the Homo sapiens phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene encoding a non-coding protein or an enzyme? What function does this protein serve? If necessary, you may include a mechanism. 2. What function does this gene perform? It is located on what chromosome number?