1. Is the Homo sapiens phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene encoding a non-coding protein or an enzyme? What function does this protein serve? If necessary, you may include a mechanism. 2. What function does this gene perform? It is located on what chromosome number?
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- 4. 16B (Eukaryotes): Describe 4 factors that differentiate eukaryotic chromosomes/genome from a prokaryotic chromosome/genome. 5. Compare/contrast 4 differences between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic GENE structure & gene EXPRESSION (including regulatory sequences).1). In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder. You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Please EXCLUDE the use of CRISPR from consideration. A. Will you use germline or somatic cell gene therapy? Please NAME and DEFINE the form of gene therapy selected, then explain WHY this is the most appropriate choice.1). In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder. You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). a) Hypothetically, what specific type of VECTOR will you use to perform your gene therapy? Please select from the following list of potential vectors: disabled retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), or herpes simplex virus (HSV), then give two reasons why this specific vector is the most appropriate for your gene therapy. Please explain why you were able to rule out the other potential…
- 1). In the absence of this enzyme, a substance called ceroid lipofuscin accumulates in lysosomes in the brain, resulting in seizures, blindness, decline in cognitive function and motor skills, dementia, and death by the late teens or early 20’s. The TPP1 gene is 6695 bp in length. Think about the characteristics of Batten disease, and then suggest an approach to gene therapy that might be effective for this specific genetic disorder. You may assume that your research team is working in the U.S. and your research is funded by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Other scientists have suggested that it might be possible to use CRISPR to treat this genetic disorder in affected individuals. (i) First, what is CRISPR? (BRIEFLY describe what it is and how it works). (ii) Briefly describe how CRISPR could be utilized in treating genetic conditions such as Batten disease.A chromosome contains many different genes that are transcribed into different ___ . a. proteins b. polypeptides c. RNAs d. a and b1.) How many chromosomes are there in each stage of mitosis in an onion? 2.) How many chromosomes are there in each stage of mitosis in an animal like Drosophila?
- 22. With which protein(s) is a condensed eukaryotic chromosome NOT known to be associated? 1. core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 2.histone H1 3.SMC proteins 4.topoisomerase I 5.topoisomerase II1.what Human diseases that result from variations in multiple genes? 2.what Alternate forms of nitrogenous bases in which a proton has migrated to an alternative position.? 3. what Stereoisomers of furanose and pyranose rings which differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group at the C1 position? 4.which Highly compacted strongly staining region of the chromosome with no transcriptional activity? 5. what DNA sequences that specify the transition between euchromatin and heterochromatin? 6. Once cells have passed the restriction point in this phase of the cell cycle they are committed to go through the entire cell cycle. 7.which Cdks belong to a family of serine/threonine? 8. what is A protein that tags another protein for proteolysis?1. Below are the DNA sequences that encode the first eight amino acids for five alleles of the Adh protein in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Nucleotides that differ from the first sequence are shown by a lowercase letter. ATGTCTCTCACCAACAAGAACGTCATGgCTCTCACCAACAAGAACGTCATGTCgCTCACCAACAAGAACGTCATGTCTtTgACCAACAAGAACGTCATGTCTCTCACCAACAAGAACGTg a) What are the first eight amino acids for each of these five DNA sequences?
- 1. A monogenic disease is a disease caused by a mutation in a single gene. For instance, sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, which codes for the B- globin chain of hemoglobin. The beginning of HBB is shown here: 5'-ATGGTGCACCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACT...-3' A. Translate this HBB sequence into an amino acid sequence. B. In terms of amino acids, what is the result of the sickle cell mutation, wherein the bolded red A is changed to a T? This single mutation causes hemoglobin to aggregate, causing red blood cells to deform into a sickle-like shape rather than the normal “biconcave disk" shape. C. What would happen if the bolded blue A were mutated to at T? (This is hypothetical; it's not a mutation found in sickle-cell disease.)1.B Which of the following processes takes place in the cytoplasm? - DNA replication - transcription -intron removal -translation -primary mRNA splicing 1.C For a DNA strand that is two nucleotides long, how many different sequences are possible? -2 -4 -8 -16 -64 1.D Which of the following is mismatched? A)physical expression of a trait - phenotype B)allele that masks the expression of an alternate allele - dominant C)identical alleles - heterozygous D)allele whose expression can be masked by an alternate allele recessive E)the specific alleles that an individual has - genotype1. What is Transcriptome? What is Transcriptome analysis? How does the method yield information able to elucidate the structural apexes of the molecules under examination? What are the steps and primary methods used in Transcriptome analysis? What are some important applications of Transcriptome analysis?Please be as detailed as you could be in your explanation.
