Introduction Acceleration is the change in velocity. It is found through the equation, a=vt, the change in velocity over the change in time. If a truck was to drive down a hill, how would its velocity change? Would the truck gain speed or slow down? Now rethink this situation with the truck loaded with heavy deliveries. How much of an effect would the heavy deliveries have on the acceleration of the truck?
Figure 1: Truck Visual
That was exactly the focus of this investigation. In figure 1, the truck would represent the cart, the heavy deliveries would represent the weights, and the hill would represent the ramp. This models the relationship between weight and acceleration. Based on this example, a hypothesis was constructed-as weight increases, the acceleration decreases. This is expected because more energy is required to move. As a result, it would take longer for the truck to move, and therefore, the cart.
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The dependent variable was the acceleration of the cart. The constants were the books, angle of the ramp, materials of cart, etc. The first step was to gather the materials and to set them up. The materials included the cart, weights (gram), ramp, books, and motion sensor.
Figure 2: Sketch of Setup
As shown in figure 2, the setup consisted of stacking the ramp on top of textbooks, the motion sensor at the top, and the cart about 15 cm away from it. The next step was to measure the acceleration of the cart without any weights. After three trials, the data recorded by the motion sensor was averaged. The slope of the line indicated the velocity. The previous steps were repeated, with a 100g weight increasing after every three trials. This continued until there were 4 weights. The results of the experiment were then recorded into a graph and data table.
Data Tables & Graphs
Figure 3: Data Table
Weight of Cart (g)
Acceleration of Cart (m/s2)
Trial 1
Trial
Reflecting on the simulation one of the things that should have changed would have been changing the interval of the trucks so more of the product could have been transported from the
In this lab, we applied the concepts of velocity,force, acceleration, time, and distance in order to calculate which trial had a higher velocity. We also learned the relationship between each of the factors and how altering one plays a role in the other factors. For example, if we were to apply more force the velocity of the cart would increase, as well as the amount of time it took for the cart to go down the
After collecting data and analyzing the results the group concluded that tension will always be greater than mass for uniform constant motion due to the presence of θ. As the length of the string for the flying toy increased, θ decreased in both trials for the cow and bat. For instance, when the bat had a length of 0.86m, the calculated θ was 34.4°, but when the length was shortened to 0.61m, the θ increased to 36.5°. The period was also shortened when the length decreased; therefore, velocity decreased as string length increased while acceleration increased with a
4. Place the mass on the bottom of a ramp and attach the loop of string to the
Using Vernier, we clicked collect while releasing the cart after motion detector starts to click. This was done moving the hand quickly out the path. Using logger pro, indicated which portion was to be used by dragging across the graph to indicate the starting and ending times. Then the linear button was clicked to perform the linear regression of the selected data. The Linear Button was used to determine the slope of the velocity vs. time graph, only using the portion of the data for times when the cart was freely rolling. We found the acceleration of the cart from the fitted line. Record the value in the data table. These steps where repeated 5 mores times. Measured the length of the incline, x which is the distance between the two points of the ramp. Measure the height, h, the height of the book(s). The last two measurements was used determine the angle of the incline. Raise the incline by placing a second book under the end. Adjust the book so that distance, x, is the same as the previous reading. Repeated these steps with 3, 4 and 5 books.
* Loads were picked up from location A and delivered to one of 5 warehouses, placed on another truck with optimized route for location B (software driven route optimization)
At 1 second, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of 3.2m/s and as the mousetrap car moved down the track, at 5 seconds, the mousetrap car was traveling at a speed of only .98 m/s. The difference between the speed at 1 second (3.2 m/s) and 5 (.98 m/s) seconds was 2.22 m/s, the speed of the mousetrap car decreased 2.2 m/s as the car moved down the track. If I would’ve done this experiment at home, I would’ve improved it by letting one group go at a time because the noise from the other groups around the room interfered with our data once or twice. An experimental error that occurred during the lab was that once, the line on the graph increased at a smaller rate than the other trials. This was because we released the mousetrap car too early and because the car was father away from the motion detector at the start the motion detector picked up the car’s movement from 3 seconds to 5 seconds. Extension suggestions I have for a new experiment is, I would extend the trials so we would stop recording the positon the mousetrap car when the mousetrap would stay completely
The aim of the experiment is to examine how the acceleration of the car differs when the angle of inclination of the ramp is amplified and to record and analyse findings.
Caption: This graph demonstrates the effect of total mass on the average acceleration of a coaster car. A clear decline in the average acceleration occurs as the total mass of the car increases. 1. The mass of an object directly affects the acceleration. The more mass an object has, the more the acceleration decreases.
The main objective of this lab was to measure the friction force it takes to start moving a weighted block across a table, and as it continued to move. This force was tested experimentally in three separate ways. The force was then solved graphically and mathematically through six different runs per method. TALK ABOUT RESULTS HERE.
I chose this topic because it interested me and i did something similar to it last year. This year I am going to answer how does the surface on which a car moves affect how fast it travels.
car will accelerate and how fast it will go. Newton’s second law is the easiest to understand in relation to a car’s acceleration. Newton’s second law mathematically states Force=(mass)(acceleration) (Murphy 78). This law explains why cars that need to accelerate fast should be relatively light in weight compared to other cars. Removing mass, such as a bumper, radio or fancy upholstery reduces the weight of
Controlled Variable – Same amount of air resistant (stay in the same room), same surface of what the trolley is going to accelerate on, same trolley, have the string equally stretched out every time and same tick rate of the ticker timer. The controlled variable will be controlled to create a fair test.
Each Truck takes 36 m3 / load with 128 m3 / hr to get 0.28 hr/load.
On the graph there are some minor anomalous results such as trial 3 of mass 200 gram, where the acceleration is 0.2m/s^2 closer to the 500 gram average then the average of the two other trials for 200 g force. Outlier could be caused by multiple factors such as incorrect or inconsistent method of dropping the weight or the miss positioning of the trolley creating an awkward starting angle and direction.