Switzerland Report 2005 Essay

The Senate President Pro Tempore fills the roles of the vice president should he be absent. Party whips serve almost as parliamentarians in that they keep the order of the assemblies and calling members together for voting. The House of Representatives can, should the Electoral College end in a tie, decide the election of the next president, and has the ability to remove federal officials that are not necessary or failed to serve the government properly. The Senate, unlike the House of Representatives, disregards population when assigning members, giving two to each state for a total of one hundred. Also unlike the House, the head of the Senate is decided in the election of the President, more precisely his or her Vice President.

The president, who is the head of the executive branch, is elected by the entire nation and serves four years. According to article II of the Constitution the president has the power of execution and enforcement of laws passed by the congress, choose cabinet members and officials, he is the head of state and the commander and chief of the armed forces. The vice president is also a part of the executive branch and is a position to take presidency in case something happened to the president. In contrast, the judicial branch officials are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. In article three of the constitution the judicial branch is established and to let the congress to determine the judicial structure, the jurisdiction of the federal courts and the number of Supreme Court Justices.

The federal courts have power to decide only those cases over which the Constitution gives them authority. These courts are located principally in the larger cities. Only carefully selected types of cases may be heard in the federal courts.

Basically, there are two types of federal courts: constitutional and legislative. Constitutional courts are presided over by the Supreme Court and

the Chamber of Deputies who are elected every three years. You are able to serve as many terms you want as long as they are not consecutive terms.The people are the ones that elect the state legislatures for each of the 31 states and also the governors. Each member of the Senate are elected to represent their state. If the state is bigger there will be more representatives for that state. In the Chamber of Deputies 300 of the deputies are elected from the country’s electoral districts and the other 200 seats are filled by deputies who do not represent a particular district. The Legislative branch is important because of the laws that they make but the branch that uses them is

The Vice President is also classified as the President of the Senate, where they can have the vote in case of a tie. The Cabinet is made up of the appointed offices that make up the federal executive department. A few of the departments include the departments of agriculture, commerce, defense, education, and energy. There is a total of 15 departments that the Cabinet overseas. These department heads, or Cabinet members responsibilities include creating policies that guide each unit as well as manage programs that each department controls.

The State Council is represented by the premier who is “Head of the government” CIA, vice-premiers, State councilors, ministers in charge of ministries and commissions, the auditor-general and the secretary-general.

1. Congress (has taken the name “The People's Assembly”). This assembly consists of one year elected politicians based on population (one seat for every one million residents) in the right side (546 seats). On the left side of the building, each province gets a set of twenty-five three year seats to balance out the power (100 total seats). There is no limit on how many times one can serve in the Assembly. The assembly has the ability to impeach Freedom Judges and approves the Free Court judge nominations. The assembly also controls the government's budget, can impeach the president, and can override the president's vetoes with a ⅔

The judiciary system is defined by Article III in the Constitution and Section 2 describes the powers and limitations that court system has. The purpose of the judiciary is to handle interpretations of the laws created by the constitution and any disputes that arises between parties, cases may be brought to the court, the court cannot create cases. There are 3 levels in the court system, which is true for the state judiciary as well as the Federal level. The two lower levels attempt resolve issues while lessoning the burden on the supreme courts. The lowest level of court is the district court aka trial courts,

There is the Constitutional Court, which upholds the integrity of the constitution, decide how constitutional a law is, and to make amendments to it. The Superior Judicial Council’s job is to solve disputes between the other courts. Its judges are chosen by the other three courts and serve for an eight-year term. The Council of State is the highest court for civil law, and its judges are chosen from a selection of judges chosen by the Superior Judicial Council. The fourth and final court is the Supreme Court of Justice and is the highest criminal court, the judges are chosen the same as the Council of State and both groups of judges serve for four-year terms. All of the courts are as coequal as possible and intertwined as one can see in how they choose their judges.

The Organizational Structure of congress in the United Stated is demonstrated through the fact that we have a House and a Senate that are separated from each other. Congress is a very complex structure that possesses many committees that all handle a variety of topics. The United States Senate is composed of only 100 members that serve six year terms. Some refer to the senate as the “upper house”, and only 1/3 of the members of the United Senate are re-elected every two years. The House of Representatives is composed of 435 members that each serve two year terms. The HOR is known as the “lower house” and all 435 members are up for re-election every two years. The top two leadership roles in the Senate are The Vice President of the United States who presides over the Senate, and required to vote when there is a tie in Senate. Also in the case of a death of a president, the Vice president must step up and preside over the nation. The second most vital role in Senate is the President Pro-Tempore. The President Pro-Tempore is the highest ranked senator as elected by the Senate. The top two positions in the House are The Speaker of the House and the Majority Leader. The Speaker of the House is arguably the most influential single legislator in both houses. The Speaker presides over proceedings on the House floor, designates which bills go to which committees, designates committee assignments for new members, appoints the party 's other leaders , and

The form of government in Mexico is a Federal Republic (a mixture of US constitutional theory and civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts) just as the United States, Mexico has their forms of the Executive, Legislative and a Judicial branches. The Executive branch is the elected president and his appointed cabinet of 18. The Presidency in Mexico is a six-year term, and they are not allowed to run for re-election. The Legislative branch is a bicameral legislature which consist of: National Congress or Congreso de la Union consists of the Senate or Camara de Senadores (128 seats; 96 members are elected by popular vote for a six-year term, 32 seats are allocated on the basis of each party 's popular vote) and the Federal Chamber of Deputies or Camara Federal de Diputados (500 seats; 300 members are elected by popular vote; the other 200 members are allocated on the basis of

the chief executive and the head of state. The President is elected independently of the

The relationship between the legislative and executive authority the presidential system has a distinct difference. In the presidential system the President is the one who heads the executive branch of government, which is separate from the legislative branch. These two branches are both independent of each other. The members of the legislative branch, along with the president, are all elected by the people, whereas the members of the head executive departments of government, the Cabinet, are elected by the President as his or her official advisers. More than having been elected by the President, the Cabinet also requires the conformation and consent of the legislative branch. The sole purpose of the legislature is to create and develop the details of plans and corrections and reviewing of laws. The executive council has the ability to show approval of a legislative agenda, and within that agenda they

Switzerland is best described by conveying an understanding of its geography, political, economic, cultural and social environments. The geography of the country has had a significant impact on its way of life. Switzerland is bordered by Germany in the north, Austria and the Principality of Liechtenstein in the east, Italy in the south and France in the west. This represents many significant European cultures converging on Switzerland – the German speaking region, the French and the Italian. Two thirds of the Swiss population lives in the Plateau, between Lake Geneva and Lake Constance, in 30 percent of the country’s surface area. There are 450 people to every 1 km2 (1,166 per square mile). This makes the country one of