Sample Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A)
Note: This template is provided as a background for the MD&A. Districts have been preparing the MD&A for a number of years now, so for the most part you should start with your MD&A from LAST YEAR and update it. Therefore this document’s primary use is to remind you of what the MD&A is for and what points it should include.
The purpose of the Management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) is to introduce the basic financial statements and provide an analytical overview of the government’s financial activities. The government entity may include as much detail as wanted as long as it pertains to these eight topics.
1. Brief discussion of the basic financial statements, including
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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (not required, see page 183 of GASB # 34)
This section is not required However it may help to direct the reader’s attention to important information You may include such things as:
Change in net assets for the year. Could include the changes for both the governmental and business type activities.
Comparison of tax revenue and other revenue to prior year and could also compare to expenditures for governmental activities.
Comparison of business type total revenues to expenses and compared to prior year.
Brief explanation of change in the entity’s programs (including whether there were new programs or not) and percentage change.
Explanation of any deficits in the current year.
Other highlights seen as significant that the entity wants to point out to readers.
USING THIS ANNUAL REPORT
This annual report consists of two parts: management’s discussion and analysis (this section) and the basic financial statements. The basic financial statements include a series of financial statements. The Statement of Net Assets and the Statement of Activities (on pages and ) provide information about the activities of the [type of entity] as a whole and present a longer-term view of the [type of entity]’s
Note: Due to the issuance of certain new accounting literature, changes in the status of ongoing projects during the past year, or evolution of practice, the following updates to the existing cases should be noted.
In accounting there is much to be learned, about the financial aspects of a business. In the past five weeks I have learned the importance of financial reports and how they relate to the success of an establishment. These reports may include balance sheets and income statements, which help accountants and the public grasp the overall financial condition of a company. The information in these reports is really significant to, managers, owners, employees, and investors. Managers of a business can take and deduce financial
Fraser, L. M., & Ormiston, A. (201). Understanding financial statements (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
The background, mission, financial reporting standards, service targets, unique standing of the organization is discussed below. The financial statements and audited
This memo is to serve as description of how the economy can impact projections related to revenues and expenditures in regards to the city budget. Several examples will be provided including explanations on why these items can have a tumultuous effect on the city budget. These examples include the effect property taxes and income taxes had on our fiscal stability as well as how even with proper accounting and financial reporting, the budget still fell victim to the economy.
Item 7.| |MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS| | |25| |
Again, using my carefully crafted Statement of Activities, I prepared the Statement of Changes in Net Assets. It was relatively easy in that I had already classified my assets by type. Under the temporarily restricted assets, the net assets released from restrictions are the sum of satisfaction of plant acquisition and satisfaction of program restrictions. Increase in Net Assets is the sum of increase/decrease in unrestricted net assets, increase in temporarily restricted net assets and increase in permanently restricted net assets. Net Assets, 12/31/15 is the sum of ending balances given in the exercise and the increase in net assets. Again it was important to check to make sure this tied back to the Statement of Activities and the Statement of Unrestricted Revenues, Expenses and Other Changes in Unrestricted Net Assets.
The purpose of this paper is to define accounting, and identify the four basic financial statements. The paper also explains how the different financial statements are interrelated to each other and why they are useful to managers, investors, creditors, and employees.
|Nongraded Activities and|Watch the Financial Reporting for Business: Introduction to Accounting Reports and |Day 6 | |
financial statements” (Waxman, 2013, p. xiii). It is the purpose of this paper to discuss some of
The productive assets of property, plant, and equipment changed dramatically in 1996 they were 5,581 to 2010 an increase to 21,706. In total current assets there was a increase in 1996 from 5,910 to in 2010 21,579. Another significant change is in long term debt in 1996 of 1,116 to in 2010 an increase to 14,041. Also an important figure to note is in the retained earning in 1996 they were 94% (15,127) to 2010 68%
The “financial statements are formal reports providing information on a company's financial position, cash inflows and outflows, and the results of operations” (Hermanson, p.22). There are four main components that make up a financial statement. The four parts are, balance sheet, income statements, cash flow and, statement of owner’s equity. The balance sheets role is to define the company’s assets liabilities and revenue of the business. The income statement shows the income within the company. Cash flow reviews the position of the company by cash payments and receipts. Lastly, the statement of owner’s equity shows the amount of earnings, stock and other capitals of people in the company. (Hermanson, p.34-35).
This essay will explain the suitable type of sampling strategy that would be used when conducting research based upon the main characteristic being paid employment among undergraduate students who attend Bangor University. This research proposal is important because it looks at the motives as to why students might choose to go into paid employment whilst at university. Some reasons undergraduate students may go into paid employment might just be to earn some extra money, possibly for food or for books as student finance may not give much to a student for specific reasons surrounding their family finances. It also looks at what paid employment can do for students, such as getting a job for confidence reasons, gaining a greater skill in
Financial Reports – Make sure the financial report you are using fits the needs of your organization and can be
The formats of the Summary Statement of Income and departmental statements can of coursebe designed to provide only ODeamount column to record figures für the time period covered by the statement. While the primary purpose of any of these statements is to present the revenue and expenses für the most recent accounting period, the true significance of such amounts can only be fully understood when compared with budgets and/or the corresponding amounts für preceding periods. Accordingly, individual properties should modify the format of these statements to meet their needs ~nd requirements. For example, properties may find it useful to expand this ~asic