Spring 2012
PSCI 140 Democracies around the World
Final Exam Study Guide
Instructor: Satoshi Machida
Part I: Words Identification (Content of Important Articles) (40 points)
1. You have to be prepared so that you can explain the following words and concepts.
* Authoritarian states
---A small group of individuals exercise power
Government is not constitutionally responsible to the state
Public—little role in leadership selection
Individual freedom is restricted
May be institutionalized and legitimate * Totalitarian states
Totalitarianism (or totalitarian rule) is a political system where the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life wherever
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what is the factor that renders Muslim countries less democratic?
Female subordination!
Sociological
Family broader society (culture of domination, intolerance, and dependency…)
Psychological
Good at making consensus, less comfortable with hierarchy and inequality, and more peaceful…
Demographic
Sex ratio-Mass stress for men, militant groups… * Bunce, “Rethinking Recent Democratization: Lessons from the Post-Communist Experience.”
Factors affecting democratic transitions?
(a) Mass mobilization?
(b) Uncertainty?
(c) (Strategic implications of uncertainty?)
(d) The role of the military?
(e) Nationalist mobilization?
* Collier and Gunning, “Why Has Africa Grown Slowly.”
Policy or destiny?
Domestic or external?
2 × 2 matrix
Domestic destiny?
1. Tropical
2. Soil
3. Low population density
4. Natural endowment
Domestic policy?
1. Lack of democracy
2. A large public sector
3. Low quality public sector (corruption)
4. Excessive regulation (poor governance)
External destiny?
1. Distance from the coast lines (borders)
2. A narrow range of products
External policy?
1. Exchange rates
2. Trade terms
* Hoffman, “Clash of Globalizations.”
A paradigm
World view !
Classical Realism (Kissinger)
“End of History”
a. The time (in years) it takes a sample of students to graduate college (Mean)
A collective term for the economic, occupational, and educational factors that influence an individual's relative position in society defines _____
2.1 - Explain the importance of reflective practice in continuously improving the quality of the service provided.
The Meaning of the Term Totalitarianism Totalitarianism was a one-party political system that was based on dictatorship. It first started in Europe in the 1920s and 30s. It was an absolutism that emphasized the importance of the state at the expense of individual liberties. It displays the following features: One-party dictatorship and one-man rule were emphasized in a totalitarian state. Only one party ruled in a totalitarian state, for example, the Fascist Part in Italy, the Nazi Party in Germany and the Communist Party in the Soviet Union.
Understand own responsibilities, and responsibilities of others, relting to health and safety in the work setting.
Totalitarianism is a form of rule in which the government has complete or “total” control over society. In a totalitarian dictatorship, people do not have individual freedom, and the government controls every aspect of an individual’s life. In order to achieve this type of dominance over society the dictator instills fear into everyone which makes totalitarianism a cruel form of government.
If you have concerns about the care and safety of service users and feel like you can’t go to your manager then you have the option to contact some big and confidential organisations such as Care Quality Commission (CQC) or Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or environmental health who can also offer support and information and give you any answers you may need to any concerns.
A Totalitarian state is defined as a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures. A Totalitarian state aims to establish complete:
This implies a relationship in which the state through its instruments dominates society. Hence in the totalitarian state all political, economic, social, cultural and intellectual activities should be directed towards fulfilling the aims of the state” (“Totalitarianism”, 1999). In a totalitarian state, individuals have no rights and they must obey the government without question. If individuals questioned or disagreed with the government, they were silenced by death or prison.
Totalitarianism is a form of government that takes total control of everything the surrounding population does on a daily basis. Under a totalitarian government, an individual citizen loses any of their preexisting beliefs, values, and morals and forcefully gets them replaced with what the government wants the population to practice and believe. The main goal of a totalitarian government is controlling the population in a given society and reinventing them into a “perfect” society. Many believe that there is one root cause as to why a government adopts totalitarian fundamentals, but this is not true. A totalitarian government is usually the result of horrific incidents that transpire and leave the society in a devastated and chaotic state.
Totalitarianism is defined as a political system of government in which those in power have complete control and do not allow people to oppose them. Those in power are a single party dictatorship in which one party controls state, and all other parties are forbidden. Other important features that distinguish or help define totalitarianism include restricted or eliminated constitutional rights, state terrorism, and totalitarian rulers are known as ideological dictators. The government of Oceania, in the novel 1984, is an example of totalitarian society. Germany, under Adolf Hitler’s National Socialism is another example of totalitarianism. Orwell’s Oceania has both similarities and differences to the totalitarian states of the twentieth
The Soviet Union and Nazi Germany in the 1930s as Totalitarian States A totalitarian state usually refers to a country in which the central government has total control over almost all aspects of people's life. Main features include an infallible leader, one-party rule, elitism, strict party discipline, purges against enemies and political dissidents, planned economy, strong armaments, indoctrination, encouragement of nationalism, an official doctrine that everybody has to believe, and absolute obedience of individuals to the State, etc. In the 1930s, to a large extent, the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler could be deemed totalitarian states.
In short, totalitarian means a political system that has complete control over all aspects of people's lives. The very same tome that I previously quoted from contains this definition of dictator: "Dictator
First, “360 DJS” is a good app for me and it’s free on computers or laptops. You can write every expiration date which is important for you, and the app will show how much time left such as 1 day, 5 hours, 6 minutes, and 6 seconds that you can check; for the important festivals, you can find in the app because the app have already record every important festival automatically, such as Chinese New Year, and the app will briefly introduce the festivals in one or two sentences; you can also write the remindings like someone’s birthday etc. The app is very useful for me because I usually forget something like when my projects will due and I usually forget some traditional meaningful festivals. If I forget the expiration date of my projects, I
The IMB z/Architecture is an extension to the ESA/390 because it was need to be extended. The z/Architecture is able to provide 64-bit capabilities. The main idea of the z/Architecture is to boost the storage of usage by the application programs and the central storage. Also it was to control the compatibility for the middleware, tools, and utility programs. The z/Architecture contains 64-bit of general register, control registers, real addressing, virtual addressing, and instructions to work on a 64-bit binary integers. It also has more new instructions and address to further current e-business computing. It would also make it easier for programmer so that they won’t have to reprogram and they are able to use the new capabilities.