Models of Care Essay

This paper will explain the components of the Home Health Care delivery system of continuum. The reader will be able to understand some of the services provided by the home health care system and how they fit into the continuum of care. It will give details on how the entity does or does not contribute to the overall management of healthcare resources.

Patient-Centered Medical Homes (PCMH) are growing in popularity as the right thing to do improve patient care. PCMH are growing in popularity, as there is early evidence of their effectiveness (Egge, M. 2012). The PCMH concept has been widely promoted as a way to enhance primary care and deliver better care to patients with chronic conditions. This model of care has stimulated the attention of payers, Medicaid policy makers, physicians, and patient advocates, as it has the potential to address several of the limitations of the current healthcare system (Wang, J. et al 2014). Currently, primary care in the United States is focused on acute and episodic illness, it inadvertently limits comprehensive, coordinated, preventive and chronic care (Bleser, W. et al 2014). The PCMH address these limitations through organizing patient care, emphasizing team work, and coordinating data tracking (Bleser, W. et al 2014). A PCMH and HMO have some similarities but are markedly different.

One of the aims of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010 is improved integration and coordination of services for primary patient care. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is one of the approaches by which improvements can be established. The patient-centered medical home model is particularly well-suited for people who have chronic illness. The design of the patient-centered medical home model departs substantively from traditional reimbursement policies, in that, the ACA provides for incentives and resources to enable care coordinators to be directly recognized and compensated for their care coordination work. Care coordinators are most often registered nurses who through their work that aligns with ACA engage in quality improvement work, cost-effectiveness measures, and patient advocacy. To bring the ACA model to a human scale, the authors present a case study of a care coordinator at a patient-centered medical home in rural Maine. The table provided below provides a basic textual analysis of the study as it is published in the professional nursing journal.

The patient- centered medical home is designed to improve quality of care through a team-bases coordination of care, which would treat the majority of a patients needs at once by increasing access to care and empowering patients to be a part of their own care (U.S Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). In order for these homes to work, the authors suggest that specialists might be the best candidates to certain conditions, however for these specialist to function in the capacity that is needed in these medical homes, they would have to have interest and proficiency to manage other conditions that fall outside of their

“In a randomized controlled study, we found that Palliative Advanced Home Care and Heart Failure Care (PREFER) increased quality of life in patients with CHF, reduced the number of hospitalizations, and reduced the number of days of hospitalization.” [1] In today’s healthcare system there is an increase in the concern of the quality of life and how can health services be delivered to the home at a reasonable cost to the patient. Due to the ever increasing technology and focus on home care, the Patient-Centered Primary Care Collaborative (PCPCC) is an organization that believes this can be done with the proper policies and stakeholders supporting them.

With new direction that healthcare is taking Change in nursing practice is eminent to deliver care to a complex population from conception to death. Representations on how to practice nursing is expected to raise and transform. This new endeavor is the road to keep patient healthy. The relationship between the patient and care giver will go past actual occurrences of malady. The focus is on delivering care that is mainly focus on the needs of the patient in a continuum. In collaboration with everyone in the care team the patient is a unique person with unique needs who from one stage to another, meaning from the hospital to rehab, from rehab to home and to the community. Care for everyone in the same fashion each time without limitation. The continuum of care framework focuses on integrating the services provided to the client, rather than on the integration of service organizations.

Professional associations, payers, policy makers, and other stakeholders have advocated for the patient-centered medical home model. Interventions to transform primary care practices into medical homes are increasingly common, but their effectiveness in improving quality and containing costs is unclear.

Patient-centered medical home (PCMH) is a way to transform primary care practices into medical homes that coordinate care and communicate to what patients want to maximize health outcomes. Medical homes may lead to lower costs, higher quality care, improve patient experience of care, allow better access to health care and improve health.

First, it’s called continuum care system, it deals with tracking and keeping in contact with a patient over time and to follow them thru their health care services. The breakdown of continuum care is extended care, acute hospital care, ambulatory care, home care, outreach, wellness and housing. It could follow a patient from birth to the end of life. The services could be acute healthcare, hospital, emergency, inpatient services, outpatient services, urgent care, skilled nursing home, rehab, home care visiting nurse services, hospices, wellness care, public health and care management and research.

It is going to be redesign in 2017. The purpose of redesign is to improve quality of chronic care patient. Chronic disease such as heart failure, stroke, cancer, diabetes are most common expensive and preventable health problem. According to Institute of medicine half of the American are not receiving good care for chronic disease. It is going to be chronic care model and patient centred medical model. It will improve quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of patient care. Also reducing cost and better satisfaction to the patient as well as the family.

The patient’s primary role in the Patient Centered Medical Home is to communicate his or her needs to the providers. Some common requirements of patients might be: to have someone available to answer any questions that arise about their condition, medication, or next steps in their care, assistance in scheduling appointments and coordinating transportation, someone to aid them with the understanding of insurance benefits, and someone to facilitate understanding of any medical conditions in order to allow them to

The medical home concept is not new, as it is built on health care practice innovations that have arisen over the past 40 years (Kilo & Wasson, 2010). From these principles, a multitude of medical home projects and demonstrations across the United States have grown (PCPCC, 2011). Given the unique characteristics of each of the numerous projects promoting the PCMH model, it is difficult to obtain generalizable evidence of the effectiveness of the model (van Hasselt, et. al., 2015). However, the most fundamental aspect of the medical home model—the primary care provider – can be the source of the effective functioning of the model, and its direct benefit to the Medicare-eligible population. The role of primary care within a health care system has been tied to health services’ costs, with some evidence supporting the idea that health care delivery systems that place an emphasis on primary care have lower overall health costs (Starfield & Shi, 2004). Although the medical home model is not just about primary care, it places a priority on this type of care as a critical aspect of patient care. As a result, evidence of the success of primary care can carry through to the PCMH model.

Ideal healthcare system will be the one that works for all the individuals in the community without disparity or confusion. With an ideal healthcare system, members in a community will get adequate access to care, basic information, better research and information for the patients (Yvonne, 2009).In this paper; I will discuss the various key factors to be addressed in the development of an ideal model of care.

Nursing involves greater purpose beside the objective of treating patients’ ailments in an efficient and effective manner. Nurses, physicians, and health care providers across the board uphold the duty to treat patients with the utmost value of care. As a universal definition of care does not exist, Anita Finkelman and Carole Kenner explain care is drawn from four perspectives: a sense of care involving compassion, knowledge and expertise that allows nurses to advocate for the patient in addition to treating the medial complication, and “…competence in carrying out all the required procedures, personal and technical, with true concern for providing the proper care at the proper time in the proper way (Finkelman & Kenner, 2013) . Combining the foundation of every perspective leads to the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) first core competency of patient-centered care. Sans the image of patient-centered care the practice of nursing and medicine alike will lack the passion the American Nursing Association envisions for “the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (Finkelman & Kenner, 2013). Therefore, the author of this paper explores the IOM’s definition of patient-centered care, implementation of the concept, and its pivotal relationship to the nursing profession.

Health is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a ‘state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (Dempsey, French, Hillege & Wilson, 2009). With the various health inequalities within Australia the WHO developed the ‘Primary Health Care Model’ with a key goal of developing “better health for all” (World Health Organization, 2014). The Primary Health Care model is the first level of care in which individuals have contact with the health care system which is managed by various health professionals outside of the hospital such as your local General Practitioner (GP). The Primary Health Care model provides therapeutic treatments in cooperation with