Gothic Art History Summary

115-miles south of Moab is a land revered by generations of climbers, hikers, and adventurers. It’s a land known as the Bears Ears, a series of buttes that constitute jeep trails, sacred archeological sites, unique sandstone formations, and the cherished climbing walls of Indian Creek. Not only loved by outdoorsman, the Bears Ears is also an important area to the Navajo, Ute, and Pueblo Native American tribes. Excavations here have revealed rock art, pottery, and cliff dwellings, documenting over a millennium of human habitation. The Bears Ears are loved but unprotected, and they are at a pivotal crossroads.

The handling of human remains and sacred sites of prehistoric people still remains as a hunge controversial subject in the field of Anthropology. Archaeology are bounded by all kinds of laws and regulations, guidelines are strictly followed by archaeologists to ensure a legal, ethical, and professional conduct of archaeological research. Complex ethical issues arise when an archaeologist tries to excavate a prehistoric site. Archaeologists must be careful when handling Native American remains as they might violate laws if they mishandle the human remains. All these laws existed to protect the basic human rights for the Native Americans. In this paper, perspectives from both Native Americans and archaeological researchers would be discussed.

In the early history of the United States, even before Europeans set foot in North America, there were Native Americans all across the continent. Native Americans lived in tribes and were nomadic. Although they were nomadic, they would also inhabit “permanent villages” where they would live year-round. On the occasion that those “permanent villages” were abandoned, left behind would be artifacts from their culture that explained a great amount about their lifestyle and traditions. These popular artifacts were most commonly found in southwest and northeast regions such as the Great Plains, the Great Basin, and the Mississippi River Valley.

The Archaic was a time of mostly small societies that engaged in intensive foraging, with the adoption of farming coming in the late Archaic. By the Middle Archaic we see more cemeteries with burials in mounds, a move towards sedentism, and groups claiming the rights to resources. During the Late Archaic there was a move towards population growth, the beginning of the Eastern Agricultural Complex, trade, pottery, storage, and sedentism. Two Archaic mound building societies were Watson Brake and Poverty Point. Watson Brake in Louisiana is one of the oldest mound sites in North America with dates of 3500 – 3000 B.C., with 11 mounds that are up to 25 feet, connected by ridges, interior ritual spaces, and was occupied year round. Poverty Point is located in northeastern Louisiana and was a pre-agricultural ceremonial center. Poverty Point covers 494 acres and took more than 1,236,007 cu ft of soil to construct (Fagan 2005: 418). Objects discovered at Poverty Point show that they took part in long distance trade and made use of a variety of exotic materials. These materials included: slate, copper, jasper, quartz, and as stated in our lecture there were materials coming from as far as 1,400 miles

Archaeologists are now able to come together with natives and learn about the past as a team, getting more insight into ceremonials, traditions, sacred ritueals, everyday workings, and lifestyles of native peoples. Respecting the grounds and artifacts of these indigenous people is respecting their heritage- our universal heritage. The unfolding of information allows archaeologists to gain perspective on the people and land before the white

As has been described, research at on the Levi Jordan Plantation has focused on the African American resident community, and has revealed considerable information about the specialized crafts that were practiced by members of this community. Evidence indicates that the use of these crafts went beyond daily subsistence needs to include ritual use, and demonstrates multi-dimensional patterns of artifact use in their community: functional, social, and religious aspects are evident. It has been proposed that one of these crafts was the manufacture of munitions. As first argued by Brown and Cooper 1990 (4), one of the cabins excavated appeared to contain a high quantity of lead and other related artifacts that indicated the

Gothic literature uses wide ranging themes and gothic elements to convey its story. Gothic literature short stories can range from romance to horror to supernatural occurrences. Horacio Quiroga’s “The Feather Pillow,” Richard Matheson’s “Prey,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Black Cat” all incorporate the following gothic elements: violence, revenge, hallucinations, nightmares, and psychological issues.

Over the course of thousands of years, groups of people temporarily set up camp a valley in what is now Goshen County, Wyoming (Irwin-Williams et al. 1973; Larson, Kornfeld, and Frison 2009). Small-scale occupations and campsites, which make up the 27 Paleoindian components at the four localities of the site, named Hell Gap after the valley is lies in, provide insight into the lifeways of the individuals who chose to take refuge therein (Larson, Kornfeld, and Frison 2009). The semi-montane environment of the valley, at an elevation of around 1525 meters, opens to the east onto the High Plains, and as such, the resources of the valley and of the plains were easily accessible to the inhabitants (Irwin-Williams et al. 1973).

My parents are the epitome of the classic tourist archetype, and forced my siblings and I on many a road trip in our green minivan at least twice a year during my childhood. I have spent time in forty five of the fifty states, experiencing museums and tourist traps galore, but one of my favorite sites to see as a child was the Crazy Horse monument in the side of South Dakota’s Black Hills. The face of a Native American chief, memorialized in mountainside, is incomplete, but taking shape to pay homage ____. The overwhelming fascination and curiosity with Native American culture has caused a rift between the Native American community and the archaeological community; the paths of tribes and scientists have converged messily in the past century as sacred burial grounds have been transformed into excavation sites. This convergence caused the passing of the Native American Graves and

The project was reviewed and accepted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), to work with human subjects. Additionally, this project was reviewed and accepted by the Eastern Shawnee of Oklahoma Tribal Administration and the National Historic Landmarks Program of the National Park Service allowing this project to work in accordance with Section 106 of the archaeology guidelines.

Gothic Literature is characterized by elements such as fear, horror, death, and gloom. Most in which is portrayed in “The Picture of Dorian Gray.” How do we know gothic is ‘gothic’ though? Sometimes it is characterized by the setting other times by the supernatural manifestations. There are many ways to discover wether it gothic literature or not, taking “The Picture of Dorian Gray,” for example.

During the Gothic period changes in observation of nature significantly affected the training of artist, physicians, and builders. Artisans began to notice the earthly pleasures of the natural world, drawing, or carving from observation in some cases, while others used model books to perfect their rendering of the natural world. Camille states, “…in Gothic art ‘naturalism’ was not a style that depicted all things uniformly within a singular stylistic vision, like, Impressionism.”(133), he then goes on to say, “Yet, during the Middle Ages as today, nothing was ‘natural’, everything was constructed; when we examine developments in the representation of the vegetable world and the animal world, including the human body itself, we will be examining

Gothic architecture a new style developing from an old style of architecture with similar characteristics and in a way different. Architects wanted to build bigger buildings with stronger walls something that could not be found elsewhere. The old buildings did not have windows they were dark places that in order to get light they needed many candles. Not even the candles could give the right amount of light the buildings needed. The middle ages architects wanted big windows on the buildings and this new style made their wish come true. Architecture during the Middle Ages became a new style with new problems to solve and a new kind of extraordinary buildings to build.

Known for its pointed arches, flying buttresses, and detailed tracery, Gothic architecture emerged in 12th-century northern France, and the style continued into the 16th century . Gothic architecture was called, Opus Francigenum ("French work"), during the time. The term Gothic, first appearing during the late part of the Renaissance period. Gothic Architecture is wonderful on its own, how detailed, and ornate a concrete building can be finished with colorful stained-glass windows. The famous architects helped to create these building masterpieces of the century, and that became popular in other countries around the world, and still today. One of the towering achievements in the world architecture, the unique product of an era of peace, and widespread economic prosperity, deep spiritually, and extraordinary technological innovations.

The research paper, shall be concerned with discussion Gothic architecture in Europe-namely England, France, Germany, and Italy starting from 12th to the 16th Centuries. Architecture was the most original and lasting form of art during the Gothic Period, which lasted for four centuries starting from the mid 12th century. The impetus for this architecture was the Roman Catholic Church, which sought to portray their houses of worship as something which transcended the realm of mankind. It is interesting to note that many of the Northern European areas were predominately pagan, and only recently brought into the Church. The imagery provided by Gothic structural design was something these peoples could more readily understand, as they