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Environmental Adaptations Of Native Americans

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Native Americans: Environmental Adaptations In the early history of the United States, even before Europeans set foot in North America, there were Native Americans all across the continent. Native Americans lived in tribes and were nomadic. Although they were nomadic, they would also inhabit “permanent villages” where they would live year-round. On the occasion that those “permanent villages” were abandoned, left behind would be artifacts from their culture that explained a great amount about their lifestyle and traditions. These popular artifacts were most commonly found in southwest and northeast regions such as the Great Plains, the Great Basin, and the Mississippi River Valley. For a start, in the Great Plains region the environment impacted …show more content…

Similar to the Great Plains’ climate change, the Great Basin region became arid. Thus, horses and mammoths became extinct which resulted in tribes like the Shoshone, to rely on the limited quantity of fish and bison. In fact, instead of using spears like the Great Plains Indians, tribes in the Great Basin hunted sheep and made bows out of sheep horns. These bows were indeed very strong and efficient that an arrow was capable of deeply wounding a bison. Once tribes were done hunting their bison, they made good use of their catch. An example being that, they would skin the bisnon and use the hide for clothing and for their longhouses or teepees. Besides hunting, Native Americans had to grow crops even though it was difficult due to the arid area. If there was an insufficient amount of game, the tribes’ diet had to consist of different crops. A common crop that could be cultivated in the Great Basin, was maize; there was always an abundant amount and was stored away for the winter. Tribes in this area had to learn how to adapt to the extreme weather because during the year the winters were very cold and the summer heat was fierce. Beyond adapting to the changing environment, tribes would meet people from other tribes and would communicate through sign language. Tribes such as the Shoshone used the salmon in the region as the symbol for their tribe name. Often signing in the shape of a letter S, many tribes confused their symbol with a snake; tribes that weren’t associated with the area did not know of the fish species. Apart from this confusion, this is mainly how tribes could tell the difference between members of their tribes and others. The environment of the Great Basin not only impacted the way Native Americans lived but likewise, their culture through hunting adaptations and a modern day

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