Declines in Arithmetic Fluency Summary In 2005, LeFevre et Al., researched arithmetic fluency in Canadian students between 1993 and 2005 to analyze the decline in basic mathematics amongst youth. Arithmetic fluency is someone’s ability to calculate solutions with both speed and accuracy. The researchers found that arithmetic fluency creates more space in working memory resources in which would allow students to concentrate on a higher level of understanding. There are four major of reasons of concern of the declines in arithmetic fluency. First, the undergrads lack preparedness in which would influence them in future careers because students do not have the skills that is assumed they already know. Additionally, clinicians struggle with assessing patient’s cognitive ability because arithmetic fluency is an indicator of memory processing. Thirdly, the curriculum in schools shifted from a ‘drill and practice’ technique to discovery of learning in which left less time for practice. Lastly, educators of all levels of teaching are affected when knowledge of arithmetic fluency in students are changed. In this paper I will summarize LeFevre et Al and explain the importance of recognizing the concerns of decline in arithmetic fluency. Method Participants. The participants used for this study were Introduction to Psychology students who received a credit as well as university students who were paid, both groups educated in Canada. The year the participants started grade one was
It is crucial to develop in children the ability to tackle problems with initiative and confidence…mathematics has changed from careful rehearsal of standard procedures to a focus on mathematical thinking and communication to prepare them for the world of tomorrow (Anghileri, 2006, p.2).
According to the course syllabus we were introduced to the techniques of psychological research. This course was able to provide an understanding of how research is done, and what methods we can use to do so. By having a clear understanding of research and techniques used, it allows us to communicate effectively in regards to ideas behind the research process. In this paper, I will use myself as the case study to examine exactly what I learned about research.
The aims and importance of learning provision for numeracy development are to ensure all students understand that maths is a vital part of everyday life and will continue to be used throughout their life. Primary schools will teach students to learn various methods and techniques to be able to reach the correct answer. The end goal means more students will be able to solve a mathematical problem, independently, using a method that suits them. They can then develop their learning to improve their knowledge and apply it to real life situations; such as counting in groups of numbers such as 5’s or 10’s, which in turn can be applied when paying for
Introductory Psychology students (N = 305) from a mid-western university participated in the study online for course credit. Sixty-eight percent of the participants identified as female, 32% of the participants identified as male, and one participant did not indicate their gender. The majority of the participants were Caucasian (73%), and the average age of the participants was 19.04 (SD = 1.10).
The learning provision for numeracy development for children is very important from the beginning of their learning platform as maths is a key in every day live for everyone.
However, further in depth research unveiled that there is a steady decline in mathematics performance in Australian school’s. This is due to unqualified teachers. Due to shortage of qualified maths teachers, thousands of children are being taught maths by teachers who are specialised in humanities subjects.
“It is the messy, complicated picture of teacher work with multiple contexts, interpretations and impositions of curriculum that we seek” (Ayers, W., Quinn, T., Stovall, D. O., & Scheiern, L. (2008, p. 308). The Nova Scotia mathematics curriculum was designed based on several key assumptions and beliefs about learning. Not all of these assumptions and beliefs are in line with cognitive science literature. First, the Nova Scotia mathematics curriculum states that, “students learn by attaching meaning to what they do and need to construct their own meaning of mathematics” (Nova Scotia Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, 2014, p. 25). While it is difficult to argue against the premise that meaningful learning is important,
Participants in this study were 119 undergraduate students from a Canadian university. Gender selection was 36 males and 83 women with ages ranging from 18 to 51 years. As an incentive, the Canadian university psychology department awarded the participants with course
The study was conducted using college students. Fifty-nine female and thirteen male students in introductory psychology courses at New York University
The National curriculum states that in Mathematics teachers should use every relevant subject to develop pupils’ mathematical fluency. Confidence in numeracy and other mathematical skills is
The possession of numeracy skills is important for school students, in regards to their continuing education, employment, and interaction within their community (Hogan & Kemp, 1999).
Burton, L., & Westen, D. (2012). Psychology (3rd Australian and New Zealand ed.). Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons
Two important factors of psychology and studying it are statistics and research. This paper will explain what research is and the scientific method. This paper will also explain how research is important to psychology. When a researcher does studies on psychology they receive data from the subjects, they are studying. In any type of research there are two major types of data, they are primary data and secondary data. Data is important to statistics because it is the information a researcher receives from the studies they perform. Statistics puts all the data into a form that many people can understand. Statistics is an excellent way to
Despite this line of thinking, which has been suggested for at least one to two hundred years, there is new evidence to indicate that mathematical development in children is more complicated than first thought (Mark & Dowker, 2015; Dowker & Roberts, 2015). It also suggests that language plays a slightly different role in the arithmetic learning than was previously hypothesized (Mark & Dowker, 2015; Dowker & Roberts, 2015; Paik et al., 2011).
At the beginning of this subterm, I had a limited understanding of the proper research methods used within psychology. Despite having previously completed several psychology courses, two being upper level courses, there was still much I needed to learn pertaining to psychology research methods. While this research class has been on only an introductory