Case #1, Part 1
“Don’t tell me we’ve lost another bid!” exclaimed Sandy Kovallas, president of Lenko Products, Inc. “I’m afraid so,” replied Doug Martin, the operations vice president. “One of our competitors underbid us by about $10,000 on the Hastings job.” “I just can’t figure it out,” said Kovallas. “It seems we’re either too high or get the job or too low to make any money on half the jobs, we bid anymore. What’s happened?”
Lenko Products manufactures specialized goods to customers’ specifications and operates a job-order costing system. Manufacturing overhead cost is applied to jobs on the basis of direct labor cost. The following estimates were made at the beginning of the year:
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Solequin Corporation uses direct labor-hours in all of its divisions as the allocation base for manufacturing overhead.
To compute the predetermined overhead rate, Cristin divided her estimate of the total manufacturing overhead for the coming year. She took her computations to the division’s general manager for approval but was quite surprised when he suggested a modification in the base. Her conversation with the general manager of the Appliance Division, Lance Jusic, went like this:
Madsen: Here are my calculations for next year’s predetermined overhead rate. If you approve, we can enter the rate into the computer on January and be up and running in the job-order costing system right away this year.
Jusic: Thanks for coming up with the calculation so quickly, and they look just fine. There is, however, one slight modification I would like to see. Your estimate of the total direct labor-hours for the year is 110,000 hours. How about cutting that to about 105,000 hours?
Madsen: I don’t know if I can do that. The production manager says she will need about 110,000 direct labor-hours during the current year and sales are projected to be higher next year.
Jusic: Cristin, I know all of that. I would still like to reduce the direct labor-hours in the based to something like 105,000 hours. You probably don’t know that I had an agreement
b. What medium would you use to reach each of these parties and what would your relative resource allocation be to each?
Q2. Using budget data, what was the total expected cost per unit if all manufacturing and shipping overhead (both variable and fixed) was allocated to planned production? What was the actual per unit cost of production and shipping?
Question #1: How would Sheryl Sandberg’s leadership style be described based on the four behavioral leadership styles?
14. A decision to work closely with a limited number of suppliers for the purpose of ensuring that the proper materials are available at the optimal time is an example of:
“Auerbach Enterprises uses machine hours as the cost driver to assign overhead costs to the air conditioners. The company has used a company-wide predetermined overhead rate in past years, but the new controller, Bennie Leon, is considering the use of departmental overhead rates beginning with the next year. “(Schneider, 2012). One product is affected more than the other by use of departmental rates rather than companywide rate.
On a snowy January evening, the Midwestern Medical Group (MMG) management team held a retirement party for Judith Olsen, MMG president. During the evening, Olsen reflected back on the years she had worked for MMG with mixed feelings about her experience. Over the course of their eight-year integration
3. Briefly describe how the current production cost assignment system works. What are the consumption ratios (activity percentages) for assigning manufacturing overhead to each product at present?
The wages of general production employees who are idled due to machine breakdown are classified as indirect costs. Direct costs are usually variable and change as production volumes change. Thus, direct materials and direct labor are typically variable costs. For special orders, some direct costs can be fixed, however. The costs (depreciation, electricity, and routine maintenance) associated with a machine dedicated to one product are direct costs of that product. Indirect costs cannot be easily and conveniently assigned to a special order. Rather, these costs are common costs, in that they are incurred to produce a variety of special orders. Maintenance costs of general purpose equipment, the supervisor’s salary, and utilities are direct costs needed to produce special orders in general, but are indirect costs for a particular special order. Moreover, general production costs, including property taxes, insurance, lawn care, cafeteria costs, and miscellaneous supplies consumed in production are indirect costs properly allocated to special orders manufactured.
* Predatory Pricing: The initial contract fee was too low which made it impossible for the other software companies to compete.
Big Tex wants his new manager (the same one mentioned in part d. above) to oversee a proposed hotel gift shop. The small gift shop will increase his ADR by 1%, his variable costs by 5 %, and his fixed costs by $24,000.
Going into 2004, Bob Moyer planned to produce 10,000 bicycles at Mile High Cycles. Construction of his bicycles includes the utilization of three departments, frames, wheel assembly, and final assembly. During this year, Mile High Cycles ended up actually producing 10,800 bicycles to meet higher than expected demand. Bob is curious as to whether or not he was successful in maintaining costs to meet these higher levels of demand.
The above cost system was efficient during the 1980s because it split up overhead over three cost pools, adding an additional pool, which has machine hours as its cost driver. This proved efficient because “[w]ith increased usage of automated machines, direct labor run time no longer reflected the amount of processing being performed on parts, particularly when one operator was responsible for several machines.” Packet, pg. 7.
bid on two local stores being sold by Kroger’s, a major national supermarket retail chain. Maass and Scott
1. Define and explain the meaning of a predetermined manufacturing overhead rate that is applied in a job-order costing system.
Assuming Top That uses the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method to account for inventories, the assignment of costs to units completed and transferred to the Sewing Department during February is