Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251809
Author: Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 9.3, Problem 36E
Consider the accompanying data on breaking load (kg/25 mm width) for various fabrics in both an unabraded condition and an abraded condition (“The Effect of Wet Abrasive Wear on the Tensile Properties of Cotton and Polyester-Cotton Fabrics,” J. Testing and Evaluation, 1993: 84–93). Use the paired t test, as did the authors of the cited article, to test H0: μD = 0
versus Ha: μD .> 0 at significance level .01.
| Fabric | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| U | 36.4 | 55.0 | 51.5 | 38.7 43.2 | 48.8 | 25.6 | 49.8 |
| A | 28.5 | 20.0 | 46.0 | 34.5 36.5 | 52.5 | 26.5 | 46.5 |
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Artificial joints consist of a ceramic ball mounted on a taper. The article "Friction in
Orthopaedic Zirconia Taper Assemblies" (W. Macdonald, A. Áspenberg, et al., Proceedings
of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2000: 685-692) presents data on the coefficient
of friction for a push-on load of 2 kN for taper assemblies made from two zirconium alloys
and employing three different neck lengths. Five measurements were made for each
combination of material and neck length. The results presented in the following table are
consistent with the cell means and standard deviations presented in the article.
Тарег
Material
Neck
Length
Coefficient of Friction
CPTI-ZIO2
CPTI-Z:O,
CPTI-Z:O, Long
TIAlloy-ZrO, Short
TiAlloy-ZrO, Medium
TiAlloy-ZrO, Long
Short
0.254 0.195 0.281 0.289 0.220
Medium
0.196 0.220 0.185 0.259 0.197
0.329 0.481 0.320 0.296 0.178
0.150 0.118 0.158 0.175 0.131
0.180 0.184 0.154 0.156 0.177
0.178 0.198 0.201 0.199 0.210
Compute the main effects and interactions.
Construct…
Adding glass particles to clay brick may improve the structural properties of the brick. The
article "Effects of Waste Glass Additions on the Properties and Durability of Fired Clay
Brick" (S. Chidiac and L. Federico, Can J Civ Eng, 2007:1458–1466) describes
experiments in which the compressive strength (in MPa) was measured for bricks with
varying amounts of glass content and glass particle size. The results in the following table
are consistent with means and standard deviations presented in the article.
Glass Content
(%)
Strength
(MPa)
Size
5
Coarse 78.7
70.8
78.6 81.7 79.2
5
Fine 73.0
90.1
71.4 93.8 82.7
10
Coarse 80.1
76.9
76.5 84.3 77.7
10
Fine 76.2
80.1 121.2 81.4 61.2
15
Coarse 90.3
95.8 103.1 99.5 73.3
15
Fine 141.1 144.1 122.4 134.5 124.9
a.
Estimate all main effects and interactions.
b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give ranges for the P-values.
Is the additive model plausible? Provide the value of a test statistic and the P-value.
Can the effect of glass content on…
The article "Effect of Granular Subbase Thickness on Airfield Pavement Structural
Response" (K. Gopalakrishnan and M. Thompson, Journal of Materials in Civil
Engineering, 2008:331-342) presents a study of the amount of surface deflection caused by
aircraft landing on an airport runway. A load of 160 kN was applied to a runway surface,
and the amount of deflection in mm (y) was measured at various distances in m (x) from the
point of application. The results are presented in the following table.
y
0.000
3.24
0.305
2.36
0.610
1.42
0.914
0.87
1.219
0.54
1.524
0.34
1.830
0.24
a.
Fit the linear model y = Bo + B1x + ɛ. For each coefficient, test the hypothesis that the
coefficient is equal to 0.
b. Fit the quadratic model y = Bo + Bịx + B2x² + ɛ. For each coefficient, test the hypothesis
that the coefficient is equal to 0.
%3D
Fit the cubic model y = Bo + B1x +
B2x? + B3x + E. For each coefficient, test the
C.
hypothesis that the coefficient is equal to 0.
d.
Which of the models in parts (a)…
Chapter 9 Solutions
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
Ch. 9.1 - An article in the November 1983 Consumer Reports...Ch. 9.1 - The National Health Statistics Reports dated Oct....Ch. 9.1 - Pilates is a popular set of exercises for the...Ch. 9.1 - Reliance on solid biomass fuel for cooking and...Ch. 9.1 - Persons having Reynauds syndrome are apt to suffer...Ch. 9.1 - An experiment to compare the tension bond strength...Ch. 9.1 - Is there any systematic tendency for part-time...Ch. 9.1 - Tensile-strength tests were carried out on two...Ch. 9.1 - The article Evaluation of a Ventilation Strategy...Ch. 9.1 - An experiment was performed to compare the...
Ch. 9.1 - The level of lead in the blood was determined for...Ch. 9.1 - The accompanying summary data on total cholesterol...Ch. 9.1 - A mechanical engineer wishes to compare strength...Ch. 9.1 - The level of monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.2 - Determine the number of degrees of freedom for the...Ch. 9.2 - Which way of dispensing champagne, the traditional...Ch. 9.2 - Suppose 1 and 2 are true mean stopping distances...Ch. 9.2 - Use the data of Exercise 19 to calculate a 95% CI...Ch. 9.2 - Quantitative noninvasive techniques are needed for...Ch. 9.2 - According to the article Modeling and Predicting...Ch. 9.2 - Fusible interlinings are being used with...Ch. 9.2 - Damage to grapes from bird predation is a serious...Ch. 9.2 - The accompanying data consists of prices () for...Ch. 9.2 - The article The Influence of Corrosion Inhibitor...Ch. 9.2 - Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric condition...Ch. 9.2 - As the population ages, there is increasing...Ch. 9.2 - The article Effect of Internal Gas Pressure on the...Ch. 9.2 - The article Flexure of Concrete Beams Reinforced...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 33 in Section 7.3. The cited...Ch. 9.2 - The degenerative disease osteoarthritis most...Ch. 9.2 - The article The Effects of a Low-Fat, Plant-Based...Ch. 9.2 - Consider the pooled t variable T=(XY)(12)sp1m+1n...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.3 - Consider the accompanying data on breaking load...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.3 - Adding computerized medical images to a database...Ch. 9.3 - Scientists and engineers frequently wish to...Ch. 9.3 - Lactation promotes a temporary loss of bone mass...Ch. 9.3 - Antipsychotic drugs are widely prescribed for...Ch. 9.3 - Many freeways have service (or logo) signs that...Ch. 9.3 - Cushings disease is characterized by muscular...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 9.3 - Torsion during hip external rotation (ER) and...Ch. 9.3 - Example 7.11 gave data on the modulus of...Ch. 9.3 - The article Slender High-Strength RC Columns Under...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 9.4 - Consider the following two questions designed to...Ch. 9.4 - Recent incidents of food contamination have caused...Ch. 9.4 - It is well known that a placebo, a fake medication...Ch. 9.4 - Do teachers find their work rewarding and...Ch. 9.4 - Olestra is a fat substitute approved by the FDA...Ch. 9.4 - Teen Court is a juvenile diversion program...Ch. 9.4 - In medical investigations, the ratio = p1/p2 is...Ch. 9.4 - Sometimes experiments involving success or failure...Ch. 9.4 - Two different types of alloy, A and B, have been...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 58ECh. 9.5 - Obtain or compute the following quantities: a....Ch. 9.5 - Give as much information as you can about the...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 61ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 9.5 - Toxaphene is an insecticide that has been...Ch. 9.5 - The following observations are on time (h) for a...Ch. 9.5 - The article Enhancement of Compressive Properties...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 66ECh. 9 - The accompanying summary data on compression...Ch. 9 - The article Supervised Exercise Versus Non-...Ch. 9 - Is the response rate for questionnaires affected...Ch. 9 - Shoveling is not exactly a high-tech activity, but...Ch. 9 - The article Quantitative MRI and Electrophysiology...Ch. 9 - The following summary data on bending strength...Ch. 9 - Prob. 73SECh. 9 - The derailment of a freight train due to the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 75SECh. 9 - Prob. 76SECh. 9 - Information about hand posture and forces...Ch. 9 - Prob. 78SECh. 9 - The article The Accuracy of Stated Energy Contents...Ch. 9 - Arsenic is a known carcinogen and poison. The...Ch. 9 - Prob. 81SECh. 9 - Acrylic bone cement is commonly used in total...Ch. 9 - In an experiment to compare bearing strengths of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 84SECh. 9 - An experimenter wishes to obtain a CI for the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 86SECh. 9 - Prob. 87SECh. 9 - The paper Quantitative Assessment of Glenohumeral...Ch. 9 - Prob. 89SECh. 9 - Prob. 90SECh. 9 - Prob. 91SECh. 9 - Prob. 92SECh. 9 - The article Evaluating Variability in Filling...Ch. 9 - Prob. 94SECh. 9 - Prob. 95SE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 54. Grip is applied to produce normal surface forces that compress the object being gripped. Examples include two people shaking hands, or a nurse squeezing a patient's forearm to stop bleeding. The article "Investigation of Grip Force, Normal Force, Contact Area, Hand Size, and Handle Size for Cylindrical Handles" (Human Factors, 2008: 734-744) included the following data on grip strength (N) for a sample of 42 individuals: 16 18 18 26 33 41 54 56 66 68 87 91 95 98 106 109 111 118 127 127 135 145 147 149 151 168 172 183 189 190 200 210 220 229 230 233 238 244 259 294 329 403 a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display based on repeat- ing each stem value twice, and comment on inter- esting features. b. Determine the values of the fourths and the fourthspread. c. Construct a boxplot based on the five-number sum- mary, and comment on its features. 5arrow_forwardThe article "Bone Density and Insertion Torque as Predictors of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Fixation Strength"t gave the accompanying data on maximum insertion torque (N• m) and yield load (N), the latter being one measure of graft strength, for 15 different specimens. Torque 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.3 2.1 2.2 1.6 2.1 1.2 1.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 1.7 1.6 Load 491 477 598 361 605 671 466 431 384 422 554 577 642 348 446 (a) Is it plausible that yield load is normally distributed? Yes, there are more than thirty data values. No, a normal probability plot of yield load is not quite linear. Yes, a normal probability plot of yield load is quite quadratic. No, there is not more than thirty data values. Yes, a normal probability plot of yield load is quite linear. (b) Estimate true average yield load by calculating a confidence interval with a confidence level of 95%. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) Interpret the interval. We are 95% confident that the true population average yield load lies below…arrow_forward67. The accompanying summary data on compression strength (Ib) for 12 × 10 x 8 in. boxes appeared in the article "Compression of Single-Wall Corrugated Shipping Containers Using Fixed and Floating Test Platens" (J. Testing and Evaluation, 1992: 318–320). The authors stated that "the difference between the compression strength using fixed and floating platen method was found to be small compared to normal variation in compression strength between identical boxes." Do you agree? Is your analysis predicated on any assumptions? Sample Size Sample Mean Sample SD Method Fixed 10 807 27 Floating 10 757 41arrow_forward
- The article "Modeling Resilient Modulus and Temperature Correction for Saudi Roads" (H. Wahhab, I. Asi, and R. Ramadhan, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2001:298– 305) describes a study designed to predict the resilient modulus of pavement from physical properties. The following table presents data for the resilient modulus at 40°Cin10® kPa (y), the surface area of the aggregate in m²/kg (x1), and the softening point of the asphalt in °C (х). y X1 X2 1.48 5.77 60.5 1.70 7.45 74.2 2.03 8.14 67.6 2.86 8.73 70.0 2.43 7.12 64.6 3.06 6.89 65.3 2.44 8.64 66.2 1.29 6.58 64.1 3.53 9.10 68.6 1.04 8.06 58.8 1.88 5.93 63.2 1.90 8.17 62.1 1.76 9.84 68.9 2.82 7.17 72.2 1.00 7.78 54.1 The full quadratic model is y = + P,x, + PzX, + Pz*jXz + Pxx¡ + Bzx; + €. Which submodel of this full model do you believe is most appropriate? Justify your answer by fitting two or more models and comparing the results.arrow_forwardGrip is applied to produce normal surface forces thatcompress the object being gripped. Examples includetwo people shaking hands, or a nurse squeezing apatient’s forearm to stop bleeding. The article“Investigation of Grip Force, Normal Force, ContactArea, Hand Size, and Handle Size for CylindricalHandles” (Human Factors, 2008: 734–744) includedthe following data on grip strength (N) for a sample of 42individuals:16 18 18 26 33 41 54 56 66 68 87 91 9598 106 109 111 118 127 127 135 145 147 149 151 168172 183 189 190 200 210 220 229 230 233 238 244 259294 329 403a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display based on repeatingeach stem value twice, and comment on interestingfeatures.b. Determine the values of the fourths and thefourthspread.c. Construct a boxplot based on the five-number summary,and comment on its features.d. How large or small does an observation have to be toqualify as an outlier? An extreme outlier? Are thereany outliers?e. By how much could the observation 403, currentlythe…arrow_forwardThe article “Effect of Granular Subbase Thickness on Airfield Pavement Structural Response” (K. Gopalakrishnan and M. Thompson, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2008:331–342) presents a study of the effect of the subbase thickness on the amount of surface deflection caused by aircraft landing on an airport runway. In six applications of a 160 kN load on a runway with a subbase thickness of 864 mm, the average surface deflection was 2.03 mm with a standard deviation of 0.090 mm. Find a 90% confidence interval for the mean deflection caused by a 160 kN load.arrow_forward
- The article "Influence of Freezing Temperature on Hydraulic Conductivity of Silty Clay" (J. Konrad and M. Samson, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2000:180–187) describes a study of factors affecting hydraulic conductivity of soils. The measurements of hydraulic conductivity in units of 108 cm/s (y), initial void ratio (x), and thawed void ratio (x2) for 12 specimens of silty clay are presented in the following table. y 1.01 1.12 1.04 1.30 1.01 1.04 0.955 1.15 1.23 1.28 1.23 1.30 0.84 0.88 0.85 0.95 0.88 0.86 0.85 0.89 0.90 0.94 0.88 0.90 X1 0.81 0.85 0.87 0.92 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.86 0.85 0.92 0.88 0.92 X2 Fit the model y = Bo + fix1 + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. Fit the model y = Bo + Bzx2 + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. Fit the model y = Bo + BzX1 + Bzxz + e. For each coefficient, test the null hypothesis that it is equal to 0. d. Which of the models in parts (a) to (c) is…arrow_forwardThe article "Drying of Pulps in Sprouted Bed: Effect of Composition on Dryer Performance" (M. Medeiros, S. Rocha, et al., Drying Technology, 2002:865-881) presents measurements of pH, viscosity (in kg/m - s), density (in g/cm), and BRIX (in percent). The following MINITAB output presents the results of fitting the model pH = 6, +6, Viscosity + B, Density + ß, BRIX +€ The regression equation is pH - -1.79 + 0.000266 Viscosity + 9.82 Density - 0.300 BRIX Predictor Coef SE Coef Constant -1.7914 6.2339 -0.29 0.778 Viscosity 0.00026626 0.00011517 2.31 0.034 Density 9.8184 5.7173 1.72 0.105 BRIX -0.29982 0.099039 -3.03 0.008 S - 0.379578 R-Sq - 50.0% R-Sq(adj) - 40.6% Predicted Values for New Observations New Obs Fit SE Fit 95% CI 95% PI 3.0875 0.1351 (2.8010, 3.3740) (2.2333, 3.9416) (3.4207, 4.0496) (2.3255, 3.3896) 2 3.7351 0.1483 (2.8712, 4.5990) з 2.8576 0.2510 (1.8929, 3.8222) Values of Predictors for New Observations New Obs Viscosity Density BRIX 1000 1.05 19.0 1200 1.08 18.0 2000…arrow_forwardRefer to laserjeans.xlsx to answer the questions below. These real data come from Ondogan, Z., Pamuk, O., Ondogan, E. N., & Ozguney, A. (2005). Improving the appearance of all textile products from clothing to home textile using laser technology. Optics and Laser Technology, 37, 631-637. Researchers sought to test the differences in tensile strength of jeans designed by hand versus those designed with lasers. 1. What type of measurement scale do each of the five variables use? 2. Create histograms for those that are continuous (interval or ratio). How would you describe the shape of these distributions? 3. A textile researcher wants to simplify the strength data by turning this continuous variable into an ordinal variable with 10 equal interval widths. Given that the lowest force resulting in a rip was 860 N, and the greatest force resulting in a rip was 1,450 N, what should the interval widths (also called bins or breaks) be? Fill in the second column of the…arrow_forward
- Allowable mechanical properties for structural designof metallic aerospace vehicles requires an approvedmethod for statistically analyzing empirical test data.The article “Establishing Mechanical PropertyAllowables for Metals” (J. of Testing and Evaluation,1998: 293–299) used the accompanying data on tensileultimate strength (ksi) as a basis for addressingthe difficulties in developing such a method.122.2 124.2 124.3 125.6 126.3 126.5 126.5 127.2 127.3127.5 127.9 128.6 128.8 129.0 129.2 129.4 129.6 130.2130.4 130.8 131.3 131.4 131.4 131.5 131.6 131.6 131.8131.8 132.3 132.4 132.4 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.6132.7 132.9 133.0 133.1 133.1 133.1 133.1 133.2 133.2133.2 133.3 133.3 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.8 133.9 134.0134.0 134.0 134.0 134.1 134.2 134.3 134.4 134.4 134.6134.7 134.7 134.7 134.8 134.8 134.8 134.9 134.9 135.2135.2 135.2 135.3 135.3 135.4 135.5 135.5 135.6 135.6135.7 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.9 135.9 135.9135.9 136.0 136.0 136.1 136.2 136.2 136.3 136.4 136.4136.6 136.8…arrow_forwardAllowable mechanical properties for structural designof metallic aerospace vehicles requires an approvedmethod for statistically analyzing empirical test data.The article “Establishing Mechanical PropertyAllowables for Metals” (J. of Testing and Evaluation,1998: 293–299) used the accompanying data on tensileultimate strength (ksi) as a basis for addressingthe difficulties in developing such a method. 122.2 124.2 124.3 125.6 126.3 126.5 126.5 127.2 127.3127.5 127.9 128.6 128.8 129.0 129.2 129.4 129.6 130.2130.4 130.8 131.3 131.4 131.4 131.5 131.6 131.6 131.8131.8 132.3 132.4 132.4 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.6132.7 132.9 133.0 133.1 133.1 133.1 133.1 133.2 133.2133.2 133.3 133.3 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.8 133.9 134.0134.0 134.0 134.0 134.1 134.2 134.3 134.4 134.4 134.6134.7 134.7 134.7 134.8 134.8 134.8 134.9 134.9 135.2135.2 135.2 135.3 135.3 135.4 135.5 135.5 135.6 135.6135.7 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.8 135.9 135.9 135.9135.9 136.0 136.0 136.1 136.2 136.2 136.3 136.4 136.4136.6 136.8…arrow_forwardThe article “Wastewater Treatment Sludge as a Raw Material for the Production of Bacillus thuringiensis Based Biopesticides” (M. Tirado Montiel, R. Tyagi, and J. Valero, Water Research, 2001:3807–3816) presents measurements of total solids, in g/L, for seven sludge specimens. The results (rounded to the nearest gram) are 20, 5, 25, 43, 24, 21, and 32. Assume the distribution of total solids is approximately symmetric. a) Can you conclude that the mean concentration of total solids is greater than 14 g/L? Compute the appropriate test statistic and find the P-value. b) Can you conclude that the mean concentration of total solids is less than 30 g/L? Compute the appropriate test statistic and find the P-value. c) An environmental engineer claims that the mean concentration of total solids is equal to 18 g/L. Can you conclude that the claim is false?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Statistics 4.1 Point Estimators; Author: Dr. Jack L. Jackson II;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MrI0J8XCEE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Statistics 101: Point Estimators; Author: Brandon Foltz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4v41z3HwLaM;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Central limit theorem; Author: 365 Data Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5xQmk9veZ4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Point Estimate Definition & Example; Author: Prof. Essa;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTVwtvQmSn0;License: Standard Youtube License
Point Estimation; Author: Vamsidhar Ambatipudi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flqhlM2bZWc;License: Standard Youtube License