The police want to discourage drunk driving. You can drink wine or cola at your friend’s party. But since you are driving home you may get stopped by the police as they might conduct RIDE this evening (RIDE is a sobriety testing program used by police in Ontario). If you drink wine, you will drink four glasses, and if RIDE is active you will be charged with drunk driving and go to jail. Solve the game. Police You Wine RIDE (-2,-1) (0,-1) No RIDE (1,-2) (0,0) Cola

The police want to discourage drunk driving. You can drink wine or cola at your friend’s party. But since you are driving home you may get stopped by the police as they might conduct RIDE this evening (RIDE is a sobriety testing program used by police in Ontario). If you drink wine, you will drink four glasses, and if RIDE is active you will be charged with drunk driving and go to jail. Solve the game. Police You Wine RIDE (-2,-1) (0,-1) No RIDE (1,-2) (0,0) Cola

Managerial Economics: A Problem Solving Approach

5th Edition

ISBN:9781337106665

Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike Shor

Publisher:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike Shor

Chapter15: Strategic Games

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15.1IP

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John and Paul are walking in the woods one day when suddenly an angry bear emerges from the underbrush. They each can do one of two things: run away or stand and fight. If one of them runs away and the other fights, then the one who ran will get away unharmed (payoff of 0) while the one who fights will be killed (payoff -200). If they both run, then the bear will chase down one of them and eat them to death but the other one will get away unharmed. Assuming they don't know which one will escape we will call this a payoff of -100 for both. If they BOTH fight, then they will successfully drive off the bear but they may be injured in the process (payoff -20). Construct a payoff matrix for this game and identify the pure strategy Nash equilibrium. (Indicate it with words not with a circle!)
Consider the following sequential game. Player 1 plays first, and then Player 2 plays after observing the choice of Player 1. At the bottom of the decision tree, the first number represents the payoff of Player 1, while the second number represents the payoff of Player 2. For player 2, A stands for Accommodate and F stands for Fight. Player 1 Enter Player 2 A F A Stay out Player 2 F (16,30) (-6,18) In the Nash equilibrium of this game, player 2 earns Player 2 player 1 would play (0,40) (0,20) ✓an incentive to threaten F because, if player 1 believed him then so that player 2 would earn ✓. However, this threat is
In 2003, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela produced an average of 8 million and 3 million barrels of oil a day, respectively. Production costs were about $10 a barrel and the price of oil averaged $28 per barrel. Each country had the capacity to produce an additional 1 million barrels per day. At that time, it was estimated that each country 1-million-barrel increase in supply would depress the average price of oil by $3. A. Draw a normal form representation of a game where Saudi Arabia has 2 possible actions to produce 8 million or 9 million barrels of oil and Venezuela has 2 possible actions: to produce 3 or 4 million barrels of oil. Fill in the payoffs for each player and action. Draw a table. B. What action should each country take and why? C. Does the asymmetry in the countries' sizes cause them to take different attitudes towards expanding out? Explain why or why not.
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14. You have baked a cake, but your two dear daughters won't stop fighting on who gets the biggest slice. To settle the dispute, to ask your dear daughter one (DD1) to cut the cake and your dear daughter two (DD2) to choose which piece she wants. (a) Draw the extensive form of the game. Let dear daughter one's strategies be "Cut Evenly" or "Cut Unevenly"; depending on what is on the platter, dear daughter two's strategies might in- clude "Take Big Slice", "Take Small Slice", or "Take Equal Slice". Assign payoffs to dear daughter one and dear daughter two that grow with the size of the slice that they receive. (b) Use backward induction to find the equilibrium outcome of this game. (c) Is the promise to take a small slice by DD2, if DD1 cuts unevenly, credible? Explain carefully. (d) After the rules are announced, dear daughter two says "It is not fair! I want to be the one who gets to cut the cake, not the one who chooses the slice!". Is dear daughter two's complaint valid? You are…
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A and B are a couple and they want to go into a concert. A comes from Bonn and loves the music of Ludwig van Beethoven. B comes from Salzburg and loves the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. There are two concerts in town: one with the music of Beethoven and one with the music of Mozart. Both (A and B) prefer to go to a concert together. If both go to a concert of Beethoven, A has a pay-off of 4 and B has a pay-off of 2. If both go to a concert of Mozart, B has a pay-off of 4 and A has a pay-off of 2. If A goes to a concert of Mozart and B to a concert of Beethoven, they are both miserable and get a pay-off of 0. But, if B goes to a concert of Mozart and A to a concert of Beethoven, they are both a little better off with a pay-off of 1. Both A and B have to make a simultaneous decision and cannot communicate prior to the decision. (a) Construct the pay-off matrix for this game. (b) Identify the Nash equilibrium or equilibria of the game. (c) Which off the allocations are…
Dairy King Advertise Doesn't Advertise Advertise 7,7 12, 3 Creamland Doesn't Advertise 3, 12 10, 10 For example, the upper right cell shows that if Creamland advertises and Dairy King doesn't advertise, Creamland will make a profit of $12 million, and Dairy King will make a profit of $3 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Creamland and Dairy King are both profit-maximizing firms. If Creamland decides to advertise, it will earn a profit of not advertise. million if Dairy King advertises and a profit of million if Dairy King does If Creamland decides not to advertise, it will earn a profit of does not advertise. million if Dairy King advertises and a profit of million if Dairy King If Dairy King advertises, Creamland makes a higher profit if it chooses If Dairy King doesn't advertise, Creamland makes a higher profit if it chooses Suppose that both firms start off not advertising. If the firms act independently, what strategies will they end up choosing? ◇ Creamland will…
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Player 2 Left P1: $3 Player 1 Up P2: $7 P1: $6 Down P2:$2 In the game shown above, list all of the Nash Equilibrium (please check ALL that apply) (up, left) (up, right) (down, left) (down, right) None Right P1:$14 P2: $5 P1: $1 P2: $3
A country’s market for new motor vehicles is dominated completely by two firms, Fastcars Ltd and Slowcars Ltd. Market revenue is fixed at $10 billion. Each firm can choose whether to advertise. Advertising costs $1 billion for each firm that advertises. If one firm advertises and the other does not, then the firm that advertises receives 100% of market revenue and pays for its advertising. If both firms advertise, they split the market revenue 50:50 and pay for their respective advertising. If neither advertises, they split the market revenue 50:50 but without the expense of advertising. a) What strategy would you advise that Fastcars Ltd should follow? b) What would you predict will be the strategy chosen by each firm? c) Is there an outcome that would make both firms better off? In case you find that there is such an outcome, is it achievable?