The image shows a lipid bilayer, with the polar heads represented by circles and the hydrophobic tails represented by lines.Arrange the fatty acids in the lipid bilayer to indicate a structure that, when incorporated into a phospholipid, would resultin a more fluid membrane with a lower melting point. Be sure to insert the fatty acids into the bilayer in the correctorientation. Not all the fatty acids will be used.Answer Bank

Lipid bilayers are mainly composed of phospholipids. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head group and…

Answered: The image shows a lipid bilayer, with…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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For the lipids within the bilayer that comprise the plasma membrane: O The hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophobic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophilic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophilic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells and the hydrophobic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells. O Hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells randomly. The hydrophobic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells, the hydrophilic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells.
DO NOT COPY THE ANSWER FROM THE SAME QUESTION. Sassa, a biology professor, wanted to demonstrate to her students the applicability of a dialyzing membrane (DM) as a model for the cell membrane by enclosing an aqueous solution in a DM bag and immersing in a beaker containing a different solution. Substances available which are permeable to the DM include 0.02 M NaCl, 0.03 M glucose, and 0.01 M glucose. The only substance available which is completely impermeable to the DM is the 0.01 M lactose. Using the substances given and materials such as a beaker, stirring rod, and string, draw ONLY ONE set-up that can be demonstrated by Ms. Sassa that will satisfy ALL of the following conditions:a. No solute will exhibit a net diffusion out of the cell.b. Glucose will exhibit a net diffusion into the cell.c. NaCl will exhibit a zero net d. No net movement of lactose from the inside to outside of the cell. Make sure to label properly the substance inside the beaker and inside the DM bag.
A phospholipid can be used to do all the following except O Increase the fluidity with the presence of unsaturated fatty acid tails. create a bi-layer membrane using amphipathic properties. form a micelle using a single layer and a hydrophobic core. O connect to a glycerol molecule to create a triacylglyceride.
A cholesterol molecule consists of a polar region (shown in white) and a nonpolar region (shown in blue). The diagrams below show several possible orientations of a cholesterol molecule in a phospholipid bilayer. Which seems most reasonable? Cholesterol
"Although lipid molecules are free to diffuse in the plane of the bilayer, they cannot flip-flop across the bilayer unless enzyme catalysts called phospholipid translocators are present in the membrane", is true or false.
A common structural feature of membrane lipids is their amphipathic nature. For example, in phosphatidylcholine, the two fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and the phosphocholine head group is hydrophilic. Complete the table by identifying the components that serve as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic units for each membrane lipid.
In the "fluid " _______ cell membrane model, lipids are organized in a ________ arrangement, such that _______ portions of the lipids are exposed to either the interior or exterior of the cell, while the lipid portions are sandwiched in the middle of the membrane. As part of the cell membrane, a main function of peripheral proteins is to provide _________ , while a main function of proteins is to provide _________ . Other cell membrane molecules include a compound called __________, which functions to provide fluidity to rigid membranes and rigidity to fluid membranes; and surface carbohydrates, which function in the membrane not to provide energy, but instead to provide _________ _____ . Aminophospholipids (including PE and ) move to the inner leaflet of the membrane, by an enzyme known as the ._______ A main function of the cell membrane is to be very selective as to what is able to cross through, a condition known as a barrier.
Which of the following statements are acceptable and why? [Whereas all the carbohydrate in the plasma membrane faces outward on the external surface of the cell, all the carbohydrate on internal membranes faces toward the cytosol.] [Although lipid molecules are free to diffuse in the plane of the bilayer, they cannot flip-flop across the bilayer unless enzyme catalysts called phospholipid translocators are present in the membrane.]
When viewed by electron microscopy, the lipid bilayer is often described as looking like a railroad track. Explain how the structure of the bilayer creates this image.
Choose the TRUE statement. A phospholipid micelle (not a liposome) can be characterized as Forming a water in oil dispersion Having polar heads group-oriented inward AN aggregate forming below critical micellar concentration Having polar groups oriented outward. A spherical species featuring a double layer of phospholipid surrounding an aqueous compartment.
Ammonia (NH3) is a weak base that under acidic conditions becomes protonated to the ammonium ion in the following reaction: NH3 + H+ → NH+4 NH3 freely permeates biological membranes, including those of lysosomes. The lysosome is a subcellular organelle with a pH of about 4.5–5.0; the pH of cytoplasm is about 7.0. What is the effect on the pH of the fluid content of lyso- somes when cells are exposed to ammonia? Note: Ammo- nium (NH4+) does not diffuse freely across membranes.
List the following compounds in order of increasing lipid bilayer permeability: RNA, Ca2+, glucose, ethanol, n2, water.

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