The following interactions occur during the expression and secretion of an antibodyheavy-chain protein. Number them in the order that each takes place for the firsttime.A spliceosome interacts with the 5th intron (but not with the 6th).A B cell-specific protein bound to an enhancer interacts with a proteincomplex bound to the promoter.A signal recognition particle (SRP) interacts with a signal peptidesequence.A recombinase acts on copies of a specific DNA sequence in the gene.

1. A signal peptide sequence and a signal recognition particle (SRP) interact (Step c): - Early in…

Answered: The following interactions occur during…

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter17: Genes And The Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13QP: The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection In cystic fibrosis gene...

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The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection In cystic fibrosis gene therapy, scientists propose the use of viral vectors to deliver normal genes to cells in the lungs. What immunological risks are involved in this procedure?
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As a scientist in Company X, please design an in vitro transcription system for RNA vaccine synthesis. Please include the components required in the system and potential condition (e.g. temperature).
When a mixture of different IgG antibody proteins are treated with the enzyme papain, each antibody is cleaved into three roughly equal size fragments. From each original antibody, two of the three fragments are identical to each other, and represent the ‘arms’ of the antibody ‘Y’. These fragments are known as Fab fragments. The third fragment is known as the Fc region, because this fragment will crystallize when purified. The reason a mixture of Fc fragments will crystallize is because: It is the only part of the antibody protein that can easily be purified at the high concentrations needed for crystallization. It has no disulfide bonds holding the domains together, as disulfide bonds will inhibit crystallization. It is the only fragment of the antibody that still has disulfide bonds, so it remains intact during the crystallization process. The Fc fragments of IgG are much more water soluble than the Fab fragments. All Fc fragments generated from a mixture of IgG molecules have the…
Although mutations have been observed in many different genes, they have not been isolated in histones. Why does this seem reasonable? If one wanted to produce antibodies to histones, would it be an easy task? Explain your answer.
Entanercept is a pharmaceutical that is composed of a recombinant receptor for human tumor necrosis factor, fused to the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin IgG. How does it work?
A virus has been identified that encodes a protein which inhibits the transporter-associated with antigen processing (TAP). If the virus infects macrophages, the infected cells are most likely to exhibit a reduction in which of the following? Cell surface class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins O a. b. Cell surface class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins Ос. Cell surface co-stimulatory proteins O d. Lysosome function е. Proteasome function
B cells are specialized blood cells that secrete antibodies. Normally, human blood has millions of differenttypes of B cells making millions of different kinds ofantibody molecules. This variety occurs because, as described in the Fast Forward Box in Chapter 13 entitledProgrammed DNA Rearrangements and the ImmuneSystem, antibody genes undergo rearrangements in theprecursors of B cells. Individual B cell precursorsrearrange their antibody genes in different ways.In the blood of patients with cancers called B celllymphomas, almost all of the antibody molecules areall of one type, but this single type of antibody isdifferent in different lymphoma patients.a. Based on this information, provide a brief description of the genesis of B cell lymphomas, focusingon the cells that are overproliferating.
Which of the following bind to the motif GGAGG in human COLQ gene? SRSF1 hnRNPH Both None
You extract the receptor binding domain protein and on testing, you realzie it does not elicit a strong immune response. Studies have shown that making slight alterations in the protein structure can elicit a stronger immune repsonse. You decide to take the route of genome editing in order to make these changes. Define "genome editing" and briefly explain how it can result in altering the receptor binding domain protein
Experiments are performed to analyze protein tyrosine phosphorylation in response to TCR stimulation. For these experiments, T cells are stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody, and then lysates are prepared and run on a protein (SDS-PAGE) gel to separate the proteins by molecular weight. The proteins are transferred from the gel to a membrane for immunoblotting using an antibody that binds to all phosphorylated tyrosine residues in any protein; this antibody is called ‘anti-phospho-tyrosine antibody,’ and is abbreviated as anti-P-Y. The results are shown in the figure below. You confirm that the mutant T cells express normal levels of all the proteins detected in the WT cells, including PLC-g, SLP-76, ITK, ZAP-70, LCK, LAT, and the CD3 and TCRz proteins. Based on these data, which of the following proteins (biotin, hygromycin, and streptavidin) can rule out its presence? Briefly explain your answer. What protein is most likely defective in the mutant cells and why? For the protein you…
Can you please help me by drawing a serie of schematic figures that demonstrates the information in the paragraph below. The carboxy terminus of the p53 protein acts as an allosteric regulator of sequence-specific DNA binding. This was demonstrated initially by Hupp et al. (1992) using a bacterially expressed protein. Recombinant bacterial p53 bound poorly to DNA, and binding could be enhanced by the addition of antibodies specific to the C-terminal region of the protein. Phosphorylation of Ser315 and Ser392 within this domain also enhance sequence-specific DNA binding. Dephosphorylation of Ser376 of p53 after IR allows the association of 14-3-3 proteins with the C terminus of the protein (Waterman et al., 1998). Stavridi et al. (2001) demonstrate that this interaction is required for p53 to activate the downstream gene, p21waf1/cip1, and for the G1 cell cycle checkpoint arrest response. Interestingly, this dephosphorylation event seems to be ATM-dependent, possibly by a phosphatase…

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