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- Check Your Understanding Figure 1.4 says the mass of the atmosphere is 1019kg . Assuming the density of the atmosphere is 1kg/m3 , estimate the height of Earth’s atmosphere. Do you think your answer is an underestimate or an overestimate? Explain why. How many piano tuners are there in New York City? How many leaves are on that tree? If you are studying photosynthesis or thinking of writing a smartphone app tot piano tuners, then the answers to these questions might be of great interest to you. Otherwise, you probably couldn’t care less what the answers are. However, these are exactly the soils of estimation problems that people in various tech industries have been asking potential employees to evaluate their quantitative reasoning skills. If building physical intuition and evaluating quantitative claims do not seem like sufficient reasons tot you to practice estimation problems, how about the fact that being good at them just might land you a high-paying job? For practice estimating relative lengths, areas, and volumes, check out this PhET (https://openstaxcollege.org/l/21lengthgame) simulation, titled “Estimation.”Assume it takes 7.00 min to fill a 30.0-gal gasoline tank. (a) Calculate the rate at which the tank is filled in gallons per second. (b) Calculate the rate at which the tank is filled in cubic meters per second. (c) Determine the time interval, in hours, required to fill a 1.00-m3 volume at the same rate. (1 U.S. gal = 231 in.3)The volume of liquid flowing per second is called the volume flow rate Q and has the dimensions of [L][T]. The flow rate of a liquid through a hypodermic needle during an injection can be estimated 60. with the following equation: TR"(P2 – P,) 8nL The length and radius of the needle are L and R, respectively, both of which have the dimension [L]. The pressures at opposite ends of the nee- dle are P, and P,, both of which have the dimensions of [M]/{[L][T]*}. The symbol 7 represents the viscosity of the liquid and has the dimen- sions of [M]/{[L][T]}. The symbol 7 stands for pi and, like the number 8 and the exponent n, has no dimensions. Using dimensional analysis, de- lermine the value of n in the expression for Q.
- The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (heaviness) test is often used for a blood sample as a diagnosis of the body's immune disorders and some other diseases. Assuming that the red blood cells are about a sphere of diameter ( 5 um ) and density ( g / ml 1.125 ) and the density and viscosity of the plasma in which the red blood cells are settled (Pa.s), (1025 kg / m3 10-3 x 1.5) respectively The acceleration m / s 9.81 Calculate the rate of sedimentation (settling speed) of red blood cells.As blood passes through the capillary bed in an organ, the capillaries join to form venules (small veins). If the blood speed increases by a factor of 4.00 and the total cross-sectional area of the venules is 10.0 cm2, what is the total cross-sectional area of the capillaries feeding these venules? (b) How many capillaries are involved if their average diameter is 10.0 μm?Given the average heart rate of a human is 7.00 beats per minute and the average volume flow of blood pumped out by the heart to the body is 70.0 mL/beat. (A) Determine the average flow rate for blood in units of milliliters per minute(mL/min) A person suffers a severe laceration that allows all the blood that is pumped out of the heart to be lost per beat, determine the time, in units of seconds it takes for a person to (b) lose all the blood from their body(assume the total volume of blood in the human body is 4.80L for parts (b), (c), and (d) (c) lose 20% of the total volume of blood in the body(at this point a person suffers hypovolemic shock) (d)lose 50% of the total volume of blood in the body( at this point the heart will stop pumping, organs begin to shut down, and the person might end upa comatose state given the person is saved due to medical intervention
- Given the average heart rate of a human is 7.00 beats per minute and the average volume flow of blood pumped out by the heart to the body is 70.0ml/beat. A, Determine the average flow rate for blood in units of milliliters per minute.(mL/min)A person has a resting blood flow of 6.5 L min-1. The volume of the left ventricle is 152 mL and the ejection rate is 64 %. Calculate the heart rate required. Give your answer in beats per min (BPM), rounded to zero decimal placesThe gas tank of a car is filled with a nozzle that discharges gasoline at a constant flow rate. Based on unit considerations of quantities, obtain a relation for the filling time in terms of the volume V of the tank (in L) and the discharge rate of gasoline V (in L/s).
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