Please state if the statements are true or false. 1. A pyranose is a sugar in Haworth projection that contains a 5-membered ring 2. The conversion of 1 moleof phosphoenolpyruvate to 1 mole of pyruvate generates 2 moles of ATP
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Please state if the statements are true or false.
1. A pyranose is a sugar in Haworth projection that contains a 5-membered ring
2. The conversion of 1 moleof phosphoenolpyruvate to 1 mole of pyruvate generates 2 moles of ATP
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Solved in 4 steps
- Please state if the statements are true or false.1. A furanose is a sugar in the Haworth projection that contains a 5-member ring2. Under anaerobic condition, pyruvate is eventually converted to carbon dioxidePlease state if the statements are true or false. 1. An l-sugar is a sugar where the -OH in the penultimate C is oriented to the left2. The conversion of 1 mole of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 1 mole 3-phosphoglycerate generates 2 moles of ATP5) A certain aerobic organism is able to metabolize the following glycolipid: "CH,OH OH HO OH A. Draw the 2 resulting structures that would occur upon initial hydrolysis of the O-glycosidic bond. B. Calculate how much ATP is formed upon complete aerobic oxidation of one mole of the compound. Assume that no ATP is produced when one mole of the glycosidic bond in the above compound is hydrolyzed. Show calculation below.
- 3.) As mentioned in the March1 outline a critical step in the glycolysis metabolic pathway (conversion for glucose to pyruvate that produces 2 ATP's) is the attachment of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to an isomerase enzyme via an iminium bridge (step1). There is a second step that takes the imine to the enamine that sets up the C-C formation reaction with an enol that you'll cover in two weeks. Show the mechanism for steps 1 (mild acid catalysis) and 2 (draw resonance forms for the iminium cation). In your mechanism, show the intermediate hemiaminal (carbinolamine). Step 2 may address one of the questions asked in Wednesday's class about the water taking out the N-H proton of the iminium cation versus a C-H proton? CH₂OPO3² E-NH₂ + O=C (step 1) CH₂OH Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Iminium (+) cation intermediate (step 2) Enamine (Enol) Intermediate H CH₂OPO32- E-N-C H C. OH H₂O ESpecify the number of carbon atoms present and the number of phosphate groups present in each of the following glycolysis intermediates (3 points each) 1. Glucose 6 phosphate 2. Fructose 1, 6, phosphate 3. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate 4. 3-phospholglycerate 5. Fructose 6 phosphate1. A glycolytic substrate which is the precursor of the pentose phosphate pathway. 2. How many pyruvate molecules are derived from the hydrolysis of 3 glucose molecules. 3. The enzyme responsible for the 1st committed step in the glycolytic pathway. 4. The enzyme responsible for the cutting of the sugar on the nonreducing ends of glycogen branches. 5. The enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon fragment from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor in PPP.
- C Phosphoglycerate enolase coo O H-C-O-P=O CH₂OH 2-Phosphoglycerate This is a (an) d Tyrosine hydroxylase HO coo NH3 L-Tyrosine This is a (an) 0₂ coo C-O-P-C || CH₂ Phosphoenolpyruvate H₂O + HO HO L-DOPA H₂O coo NH3What would be the difference in ATP generated from beta oxidation of a 14C fatty acid with 1 double bond and a 16C fatty acid with two double bonds? Do not calculate atp generated from acetyl CoAEnergetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?
- The Reactions and Meehanisms of the Leloir Pathway Write the reactions that permit galactose to be utilized in glycolysis. Write a suitable mechanism, tor one of these reactions.Imagine a triglyceride comprised of (3) saturated C12 fatty acids. Calculate the number of ATP generated from the complete oxidation of one of these 12-carbon fatty acids to CO2 and water in the liver. Assume that each NADH = 2.5 ATP and each FADH2 = ETC generates 1.5 ATP. Any step that yields pyrophosphate as a product should be treated as an input (i.e. net loss) of (2) ATP.What is the catalytic efficiency of Catalase ? Table. The values of KM and kcat for some Enzymes and Substrates Enzyme Carbonic anhydrase Substrate CO2 HCO3 KM (M) 1.2 x 10-2 2.6 x 10-2 Kcat (s-1) 1.0 x 106 4.0 x 105 Catalase H2O2 2.5 x 10-2 1.0 x 107 Urease Urea 2.5 x 10-2 4.0 x 105 O A. 4 x 108 M-s-1 O B. 4 x 108 M-1.s-1 OC25x 10-9 M-s1 D. 2.5 x 102 M-1.s-1 OE 1.0 x 107 s1
