Mendel's second law states that alleles of different genes assort independently of each other during gamete formation. Does this law always hold true? If not, explain under what circumstances it does hold true and when or why it does not hold true.
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A: Introduction The transmission of qualities from parents to offspring is referred to as heredity.…
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Q: Mendel believed that gametes have only one factor for each inherited trait. Which observations…
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Q: Why most of the genetic traits do NOT follow Mendel`s laws?
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Q: Which law of Mendel is universally accepted? State the law?
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Q: what are mendels first and second laws?
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Q: Why is not Mendel’s secondlaw always valid for two ormore phenotypical traits of anindividual?
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Q: Mendel discovered that pea traits were inherited as unit factors occurring in pairs, these…
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Q: Mendel believed that gametes have only one factor for each inherited trait. Which observations…
A: Meiosis is a reduction division specialized for germ cells where the ploidy level of the cell is…
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Q: In Codominance, the Influence of Both Alleles in a Heterozygote IsClearly Evident. Explain ?
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Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
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- A friend tells you that her biological father has an inherited disorder determined by a dominant allele but neither your friend nor her three siblings are affected. Is this possible? If not, why not? If so, explain how it is possible. For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). BIUS Paragraph Arial 14px A V x² X, ABC 田 田 | 国田用田 Ť {;} III !!! +)In'a Mendelian monohybrid cross, the F2 generation consists of 1/4 red-flowered, 1/2 pink-flowered, 1/4 white-flowered individuals. What does this indicate? For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). 14px A Ix BIUS Paragraph Arial ABC 田 三 x² X2 田用因 Ť {} +]The image shows a pair of homologous chromosomes from a single parent before gamete production. M1 and M2 are maternal chromosomes, while P1 and P2 are paternal chromosomes. Two traits are shown: D represents seed color (D – green, d – yellow), while F represents flower color (F – purple, f – white). These two traits follow the patterns of basic Mendelian genetics. During crossing-over between the M2 F allele and the P1 f allele, a mutation occurred and the portion of P1 did not reattach to the chromosome. Which of the following explains what would happen to the proportion of white flowers in a population resulting from this mutation? A - There would be an increase in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele is distributed to more gametes. B - There would be a decrease in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele is not distributed to as many gametes. C - There would be an increase in the proportion of white flowers because the f allele would not be masked by the…
- Pedigree Analysis Is a Basic Method in Human Genetics Using the pedigree provided, answer the following questions. a. Is the proband male or female? b. Is the grandfather of the proband affected? c. How many siblings does the proband have, and where is he or she in the birth order?As it turned out, one of the tallest Potsdam Guards had an unquenchable attraction to short women. During his tenure as guard, he had numerous clandestine affairs. In each case, children resulted. Subsequently, some of the childrenwho had no way of knowing that they were relatedmarried and had children of their own. Assume that two pairs of genes determine height. The genotype of the 7-foot-tall Potsdam Guard was A9A9B9B9, and the genotype of all of his 5-foot clandestine lovers was AABB. An A9 or B9 allele in the offspring each adds 6 inches to the base height of 5 feet conferred by the AABB genotype. a. What were the genotypes and phenotypes of all the F1 children? b. Diagram the cross between the F1 offspring, and give all possible genotypes and phenotypes of the F2 progenyIn com, male sterility is controlled by maternal cytoplasmic elements. However, the presence of a nuclear fertility restorer gene (F_) restores fertility to male sterile lines. Using the following cardboard chips, simulate the crosses indicated below. Present your cross to your instructor for checking. After being checked, draw your simulated crosses in the spacesprovided below. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring in each cross, and properly label the nucleus and the cytoplasm of each individual in the crosses.Big white circular chips Male sterile cytoplasmBig peach circular chips Male fertile cytoplasmSmall peach circular chips FF nucleusSmall half-white-half-peach circular chips Ff nucleusSmall white circular chips ff nucleus a. male sterile female x FF maleExplain your results. b. male sterile female x Ff maleExplain your results.
- type P = n! (p)* (q)"* х! (n - х)! Practice Problem: You cross a true-breeding pea plant with red flowers to a true-breeding pea plant with white flowers. All of your offspring have red flowers. Which gene is dominant? Why? What is the genotype of your offspring? You then cross the offspring to each other. What ratio do you expect? Why? You count 1000 plants and look at their flowers. Your results are as follows: 740 red 260 white Does this follow a simple Mendelian inheritance pattern? Why or why not? DADT 2 MEA SUDI ND D LUT IONSMonohybrid Crosses and Punnett Squares Punnett squares are diagrams that can be used to predict the offspring that could result from a combination of the gametes produced by two parents (or an organism that can self-fertilize). The alleles from the gametes of one parent (e.g., eggs) are placed on one axis of the Punnett square while the alleles from the gametes of the other parent (e.g., sperm) are placed on the other axis. 1. Pea plants have two alleles for height: Tis the dominant allele and produces tall plants; t is the recessive allele and produces short plants. Consider two parental pea plants each have the genotype Tt and answer the following questions. a. What type of gametes can a plant with genotype Tt produce? b. Assign the maternal gametes to one axis in the Punnett square at right. c. Assign the paternal gametes to one axis in the Punnett square at right. 2. Pea plants have two alleles for pea color: Y is the dominant allele and produces yellow peas; y is the 1 nment)…Determine whether the 3 phenotypes will be in either a 9:3:4 or 12:3:1 ratio. (Yellow/Red/Purple) Observe the red and yellow kernels (up to 100) and use this to see the ratio and determine the deviation (number of observed minus the number of expected). I am having trouble on how to exactly get this. Please help.
- Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is used to test for genetic disorders in the fetus and can be performed early in gestation (8-10 wks). The recommended method of CVS is to sert a probe with a needle on the end through the cervix and remove a small sample of e chorionic villi to be analyzed. Which description is a correct description of chorionic villi? Select one: They are found in the digestive tract of the fetus. They are developed from the endometrium. They contain cells whose nuclei differ genetically from cells of the fetus. They form part of the placenta.Chi-square Test In the pea plants use by Gregor Mendel in his study, the purple flower color is dominant over white,and the axial position on a branch is dominant over terminal. A plant believed to be heterozygouswas selfed and produced flowers with the following phenotypes: 23 white terminal68 white axial81 purple terminal187 purple axial a. assign alleles to the different traitspurple __________ axial ___________white ___________ terminal _______ b. refer to the image attachedFor the following problem: Identify the gametes for each parent, build a Punnett Square of the probability of offspring. Show the resulting genotype ratios and the resulting phenotype ratios. The submission file on Canvas will typically have a multiple-choice component or may be a fill-in-the-blank question related to genotype and/or phenotype outcomes. Be prepared to address all of these details in the questions. a )In Pansy flowers, a gene for follower color is “incompletely dominant”. All flowers resulting from the cross of a homozygous red (R) flowering plant with a homozygous white (r) flowering plant were pink. If a pink-flowering plant is bred with another pink-flowering plant, determine the probable genotype and phenotype ratios of the offspring. b) The ratio of genotypes is ________________ .c) The ratio of phenotypes (red:pink:white) is ______________.